Question 1

Choose the correct statement regarding motor units.

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle fibers of each motor unit are not mingled with those of other motor units. 
B)  During a sustained contraction, all motor units are activated simultaneously. 
C)  A motor neuron may control only two or three muscle fibers of the eye muscle(s). 
D)  When muscles contract for sustained periods, maximal tension is maintained. 
E)  Most motor neurons control fewer than five muscle fibers. 
A)  Muscle fibers of each motor unit are not mingled with those of other motor units. 
B)  During a sustained contraction, all motor units are activated simultaneously. 
C)  A motor neuron may control only two or three muscle fibers of the eye muscle(s). 
D)  When muscles contract for sustained periods, maximal tension is maintained. 
E)  Most motor neurons control fewer than five muscle fibers.

Question 2

Because Mary wants to enter a marathon, she decides to consult a trainer who happens to be a kinesiologist. The trainer advises her on what type of muscle fibers she needs to develop and how she should train for it. Which type of muscle fibers are involved? Briefly explain the anatomy and physiology of the trainer's advice.

Accepted Answer

As marathons require aerobic endurance,

Question 3

Which muscle is not attached in some way to the scapula?

Accepted Answer

A)  teres minor 
B)  deltoid 
C)  sternocleidomastoid 
D)  teres major 
E)  infraspinatus 
A)  teres minor 
B)  deltoid 
C)  sternocleidomastoid 
D)  teres major 
E)  infraspinatus

Question 4

Which muscle would not move the scapula?

Accepted Answer

A)  rhomboid 
B)  erector spinae 
C)  serratus anterior 
D)  pectoralis minor 
E)  trapezius 
A)  rhomboid 
B)  erector spinae 
C)  serratus anterior 
D)  pectoralis minor 
E)  trapezius

Question 5

Which of the following inserts into the intertubercular groove of the humerus and acts to extend, adduct, and rotate the shoulder?

Accepted Answer

A)  supraspinatus 
B)  latissimus dorsi 
C)  serratus anterior 
D)  triceps brachii 
E)  trapezius 
A)  supraspinatus 
B)  latissimus dorsi 
C)  serratus anterior 
D)  triceps brachii 
E)  trapezius

Question 6

Smooth muscle cells

Accepted Answer

A)  have to be innervated by motor neurons. 
B)  are larger than cardiac muscle cells. 
C)  are multinucleate. 
D)  contain intercalated discs. 
E)  are spindle-shaped. 
A)  have to be innervated by motor neurons. 
B)  are larger than cardiac muscle cells. 
C)  are multinucleate. 
D)  contain intercalated discs. 
E)  are spindle-shaped.

Question 7

Which of the following inserts into a tendinous sheet, rather than a bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  extensor carpi ulnaris 
B)  flexor carpi radialis 
C)  extensor digitorum 
D)  palmaris longus 
E)  flexor digitorum 
A)  extensor carpi ulnaris 
B)  flexor carpi radialis 
C)  extensor digitorum 
D)  palmaris longus 
E)  flexor digitorum

Question 8

The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the

Accepted Answer

A)  insertion. 
B)  belly. 
C)  origin. 
D)  proximal end. 
E)  distal end. 
A)  insertion. 
B)  belly. 
C)  origin. 
D)  proximal end. 
E)  distal end.

Question 9

A single stimulus-contraction-relaxation sequence in a muscle fiber is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  incomplete tetanus. 
B)  latent period. 
C)  complete tetanus. 
D)  summation. 
E)  twitch. 
A)  incomplete tetanus. 
B)  latent period. 
C)  complete tetanus. 
D)  summation. 
E)  twitch.

Question 10

Which of the following occurs as a result of motor units in a particular muscle being always active, even though their contractions do not produce enough movement to cause contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  treppe 
B)  tetany 
C)  muscle tone 
D)  fatigue 
E)  a twitch 
A)  treppe 
B)  tetany 
C)  muscle tone 
D)  fatigue 
E)  a twitch

Question 11

The additional oxygen required during the recovery period to restore the normal pre-exertion levels is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen debt. 
B)  refractory oxygen amount. 
C)  anaerobic oxygen threshold. 
D)  aerobic oxygen threshold. 
E)  aerobic oxygen conversion. 
A)  oxygen debt. 
B)  refractory oxygen amount. 
C)  anaerobic oxygen threshold. 
D)  aerobic oxygen threshold. 
E)  aerobic oxygen conversion.

Question 12

Smooth muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  does not use calcium. 
B)  is not resistant to fatigue. 
C)  contracts faster than skeletal muscle. 
D)  does not undergo tetanus. 
E)  uses primarily aerobic metabolism. 
A)  does not use calcium. 
B)  is not resistant to fatigue. 
C)  contracts faster than skeletal muscle. 
D)  does not undergo tetanus. 
E)  uses primarily aerobic metabolism.

Question 13

A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called

Accepted Answer

A)  endomysium. 
B)  perimysium. 
C)  sarcolemma. 
D)  epimysium. 
E)  sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
A)  endomysium. 
B)  perimysium. 
C)  sarcolemma. 
D)  epimysium. 
E)  sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 14

Which of the following is a muscle of the rotator cuff?

Accepted Answer

A)  trapezius 
B)  teres major 
C)  deltoid 
D)  teres minor 
E)  coracobrachialis 
A)  trapezius 
B)  teres major 
C)  deltoid 
D)  teres minor 
E)  coracobrachialis

Question 15

After death, rigor mortis lasts until

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP is produced. 
B)  T-tubules recapture calcium ions. 
C)  sodium ions are released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  sarcomeres lengthen. 
E)  myofilaments are broken down. 
A)  ATP is produced. 
B)  T-tubules recapture calcium ions. 
C)  sodium ions are released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
D)  sarcomeres lengthen. 
E)  myofilaments are broken down.

Question 16

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from

Accepted Answer

A)  the transverse tubule pattern. 
B)  the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  cisternae placement. 
D)  actin and myosin arrangement. 
E)  the perimysium arrangement. 
A)  the transverse tubule pattern. 
B)  the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  cisternae placement. 
D)  actin and myosin arrangement. 
E)  the perimysium arrangement.

Question 17

The stiffness that occurs at death, when actin and myosin molecules stay linked to each other in a contracted state, is due to a lack of

Accepted Answer

A)  cAMP. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  RNA. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  tRNA. 
A)  cAMP. 
B)  DNA. 
C)  RNA. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  tRNA.

Question 18

Tropomyosin strands are held in position by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  actin molecules 
B)  myosin molecules 
C)  troponin molecules 
D)  ATP molecules 
E)  calcium ions 
A)  actin molecules 
B)  myosin molecules 
C)  troponin molecules 
D)  ATP molecules 
E)  calcium ions

Question 19

Which of the following occurs when tension production rises to a peak and very brief periods of relaxation occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  resting period 
B)  latency 
C)  tension plateau 
D)  incomplete tetanus 
E)  complete tetanus 
A)  resting period 
B)  latency 
C)  tension plateau 
D)  incomplete tetanus 
E)  complete tetanus

Question 20

Why do individual muscle twitches have to be added together, as in summation or tetanus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only added twitches produce any muscle contraction: A fiber undergoing a muscle twitch does not contract at all. 
B)  There has to be a critical mass of muscle twitches for calcium to be released into the muscle cell. 
C)  Not enough acetylcholine will be produced for contraction without multiple twitches. 
D)  Multiple twitches add up to an increase in muscle fiber tension, which increases the strength of the muscle. 
E)  Not enough ATP is generated by one muscle twitch. 
A)  Only added twitches produce any muscle contraction: A fiber undergoing a muscle twitch does not contract at all. 
B)  There has to be a critical mass of muscle twitches for calcium to be released into the muscle cell. 
C)  Not enough acetylcholine will be produced for contraction without multiple twitches. 
D)  Multiple twitches add up to an increase in muscle fiber tension, which increases the strength of the muscle. 
E)  Not enough ATP is generated by one muscle twitch.

Choose the correct statement regarding motor units.

Which muscle is not attached in some way to the scapula?

Which muscle would not move the scapula?

Which of the following inserts into the intertubercular groove of the humerus and acts to extend, adduct, and rotate the shoulder?

Smooth muscle cells

Which of the following inserts into a tendinous sheet, rather than a bone?

The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the

A single stimulus-contraction-relaxation sequence in a muscle fiber is known as a(n)

Which of the following occurs as a result of motor units in a particular muscle being always active, even though their contractions do not produce enough movement to cause contraction?

The additional oxygen required during the recovery period to restore the normal pre-exertion levels is called the

Smooth muscle

A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called

Which of the following is a muscle of the rotator cuff?

After death, rigor mortis lasts until

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from

The stiffness that occurs at death, when actin and myosin molecules stay linked to each other in a contracted state, is due to a lack of

Tropomyosin strands are held in position by which of the following?

Which of the following occurs when tension production rises to a peak and very brief periods of relaxation occur?

Why do individual muscle twitches have to be added together, as in summation or tetanus?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

Cell Structure and Function

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

The Nervous System

The General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

Exam 7: The Muscular System

Choose the correct statement regarding motor units.

Which muscle is not attached in some way to the scapula?

Which muscle would not move the scapula?

Which of the following inserts into the intertubercular groove of the humerus and acts to extend, adduct, and rotate the shoulder?

Smooth muscle cells

Which of the following inserts into a tendinous sheet, rather than a bone?

The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the

A single stimulus-contraction-relaxation sequence in a muscle fiber is known as a(n)

Which of the following occurs as a result of motor units in a particular muscle being always active, even though their contractions do not produce enough movement to cause contraction?

The additional oxygen required during the recovery period to restore the normal pre-exertion levels is called the

Smooth muscle

A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called

Which of the following is a muscle of the rotator cuff?

After death, rigor mortis lasts until

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from

The stiffness that occurs at death, when actin and myosin molecules stay linked to each other in a contracted state, is due to a lack of

Tropomyosin strands are held in position by which of the following?

Which of the following occurs when tension production rises to a peak and very brief periods of relaxation occur?

Why do individual muscle twitches have to be added together, as in summation or tetanus?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

Cell Structure and Function

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

The Nervous System

The General and Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters