Exam 1: The Nature of Philosophy

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What philosopher argued that service toward others is our primary moral duty?

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B

After reading this chapter do you believe that philosophy is a discipline with a distinct subject-matter, like physics is, for example, or do you believe that it consists more of a set of techniques? Explain and illustrate your answer.

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I believe that philosophy is a discipline with a distinct subject-matter, rather than just a set of techniques. While it is true that philosophy does involve the use of critical thinking, analysis, and argumentation techniques, it also deals with fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, ethics, and the nature of reality. These are not just techniques, but rather specific subject-matters that philosophy seeks to understand and explore.

For example, in the field of metaphysics, philosophers examine the nature of reality and existence itself. This is not just a set of techniques, but a distinct subject-matter that philosophy seeks to understand. Similarly, in the field of ethics, philosophers explore questions about what is morally right or wrong, and what constitutes a good life. Again, this is not just a set of techniques, but a specific subject-matter that philosophy addresses.

Furthermore, the fact that there are different branches of philosophy, such as epistemology, ethics, metaphysics, and aesthetics, suggests that there are distinct subject-matters within the discipline. Each of these branches focuses on specific questions and issues, indicating that philosophy is more than just a set of techniques.

In conclusion, while philosophy does involve the use of critical thinking and argumentation techniques, it also deals with distinct subject-matters that are central to the discipline. Therefore, I believe that philosophy is a discipline with a distinct subject-matter, similar to physics or any other academic field.

According to whom does philosophical knowledge free us from the cycle of birth, suffering, death, and rebirth?

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In assessing an argument we need only look at its logical form.

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What philosopher argues for determinism, the view that all things and all human beings are unfree?

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The Allegory of the Cave does not suggest that philosophy is an activity

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is the view that all things and all human beings are unfree because everything that happens does so in accordance with some law.

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Philosophy begins with wonder.

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There is usually something wrong with philosophical claims that are or ambiguous.

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Who wrote of the Allegory of the Cave?

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Plato tells the Allegory of the Cave in the Republic.

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Socrates held that the gods agreed on what is holy.

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Perictione saw philosophy as a search for

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The view of philosophy as the activity of examining our assumptions and beliefs about ourselves and the universe around us was expressed by

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is the study of the most general characteristics of reality.

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means "the study of knowledge."

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Philosophy is the love and pursuit of

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Socrates claimed that he had a(n) to obey the law.

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Would you prefer to be happy and ignorant, or unhappy, yet wise? Explain your answer.

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What is Plato's Myth of the Cave, and how does it illustrate the challenges and advantages associated with philosophy?

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