Question 1

________ is an approach to factor analysis that considers the total variance in the data.

Accepted Answer

A) Principal components analysis 
B) Common factor analysis 
C) Omega method 
D) Unweighted least squares 
A) Principal components analysis 
B) Common factor analysis 
C) Omega method 
D) Unweighted least squares

Question 2

The variables to be included in the factor analysis should be specified based on past research,theory,and the judgment of the researcher.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

If interpreting factors using the rotated factor matrix,a negative coefficient for a negative variable (prevention of tooth decay is not important)would lead to a positive interpretation (prevention of tooth decay is important).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Sometimes,because of prior knowledge,the researcher knows how many factors to expect and thus can specify the number of factors to be extracted beforehand.This is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a priori determination 
B) determination based on split-half reliability 
C) determination based on significance tests 
D) determination based on scree plot 
A) a priori determination 
B) determination based on split-half reliability 
C) determination based on significance tests 
D) determination based on scree plot

Question 5

The test statistic for sphericity is based on a chi-square transformation of the determinant of the correlation matrix.A large value of the test statistic will favor the acceptance of the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe principal components analysis and common factor analysis and the differences between the two methods of factor analysis.

Accepted Answer

In principal components analysis,the tot

Question 7

m represents ________ in the factor model,Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi,.

Accepted Answer

A) the number of variables 
B) the number of common factors 
C) the mth standardized variable 
D) the common factors 
A) the number of variables 
B) the number of common factors 
C) the mth standardized variable 
D) the common factors

Question 8

A ________ is a plot of the original variables using the factor loadings as coordinates.

Accepted Answer

A) scree plot 
B) territorial map 
C) factor loading plot 
D) scattergram 
A) scree plot 
B) territorial map 
C) factor loading plot 
D) scattergram

Question 9

Which statement is not true about principal components analysis (PCA)?

Accepted Answer

A) The factors are estimated based only on the common variance. 
B) The total variance in the data is considered. 
C) PCA is recommended when the primary concern is to determine the minimum number of factors that will account for maximum variance in the data for use in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
D) The diagonal of the correlation matrix consist of unities. 
A) The factors are estimated based only on the common variance. 
B) The total variance in the data is considered. 
C) PCA is recommended when the primary concern is to determine the minimum number of factors that will account for maximum variance in the data for use in subsequent multivariate analysis. 
D) The diagonal of the correlation matrix consist of unities.

Question 10

The factors identified in factor analysis are overtly observed in the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

When selecting surrogate variables from variables with similarly high loadings,the choice should be based on ________.

Accepted Answer

A) measurement considerations 
B) theoretical considerations 
C) Both A and B are correct 
D) the variable with the highest loading on a factor 
A) measurement considerations 
B) theoretical considerations 
C) Both A and B are correct 
D) the variable with the highest loading on a factor

Question 12

The equation Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi ,represents the common factors expressed as linear combinations of the observed variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Factor analysis is somewhat similar to discriminant analysis in that each variable is expressed as a linear combination of underlying factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

________ is a class of procedures primarily used for data reduction and summarization.

Accepted Answer

A) Regression analysis 
B) Factor analysis 
C) Discriminant analysis 
D) Conjoint analysis 
A) Regression analysis 
B) Factor analysis 
C) Discriminant analysis 
D) Conjoint analysis

Question 15

Rotation does not affect the communalities and the percentage of total variance explained.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The ________ represents the total variance explained by each factor.

Accepted Answer

A) eigenvalue 
B) percentage of variance 
C) residual 
D) communality 
A) eigenvalue 
B) percentage of variance 
C) residual 
D) communality

Question 17

It is possible to compute as many principal components as there are variables;in doing so,parsimony is gained.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Factor loadings represent the correlations between sets of variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A factor model that provides a good fit to the data has many large residuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Under what general circumstances is factor analysis used?

Accepted Answer

Factor analysis is used in the following

Exam 19: Factor Analysis

________ is an approach to factor analysis that considers the total variance in the data.

The variables to be included in the factor analysis should be specified based on past research,theory,and the judgment of the researcher.

If interpreting factors using the rotated factor matrix,a negative coefficient for a negative variable (prevention of tooth decay is not important)would lead to a positive interpretation (prevention of tooth decay is important).

Sometimes,because of prior knowledge,the researcher knows how many factors to expect and thus can specify the number of factors to be extracted beforehand.This is referred to as ________.

The test statistic for sphericity is based on a chi-square transformation of the determinant of the correlation matrix.A large value of the test statistic will favor the acceptance of the null hypothesis.

Describe principal components analysis and common factor analysis and the differences between the two methods of factor analysis.

m represents ________ in the factor model,Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi,.

A ________ is a plot of the original variables using the factor loadings as coordinates.

Which statement is not true about principal components analysis (PCA)?

The factors identified in factor analysis are overtly observed in the population.

When selecting surrogate variables from variables with similarly high loadings,the choice should be based on ________.

The equation Xi = Ai1 F1 + Ai2 F2 + Ai3 F3 + ...+ Aim Fm + ViUi ,represents the common factors expressed as linear combinations of the observed variables.

Factor analysis is somewhat similar to discriminant analysis in that each variable is expressed as a linear combination of underlying factors.

________ is a class of procedures primarily used for data reduction and summarization.

Rotation does not affect the communalities and the percentage of total variance explained.

The ________ represents the total variance explained by each factor.

It is possible to compute as many principal components as there are variables;in doing so,parsimony is gained.

Factor loadings represent the correlations between sets of variables.

A factor model that provides a good fit to the data has many large residuals.

Under what general circumstances is factor analysis used?

Introduction to Marketing Research

Defining the Marketing Research Problem and Developing an Approach

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design: Secondary Data

Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research

Descriptive Research Design: Survey and Observation

Causal Research Design: Experimentation

Measurement and Scaling: Fundamentals and Comparative Scaling

Measurement and Scaling: Noncomparative Scaling Techniques

Questionnaire and Form Design

Sampling: Design and Procedures

Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution,cross-Tabulation,and Hypothesis Testing

Analysis of Variance and Covariance

Correlation and Regression

Discriminant and Logit Analysis

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and Conjoint Analysis

Structural Equation Modeling and Path Analysis

Report Preparation and Presentation

Filters

m represents ________ in the factor model,X_i= A_i1 F₁+ A_i2 F₂+A_i3 F₃+ ...+ A_im F_m+V_iU_i,.

The equation X_i= A_i1 F₁+ A_i2 F₂₊A_i3 F₃+ ...+ A_im F_{m +}V_iU_i,represents the common factors expressed as linear combinations of the observed variables.