Question 1

Seawater contains _______ of the natural occurring elements on earth.

Accepted Answer

A)  about half 
B)  a few 
C)  most 
D)  all 
A)  about half 
B)  a few 
C)  most 
D)  all

Question 2

What happens when fresh water flows into seawater?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sea water covers the fresh water. 
B)  There is a continuous gradation from fresh water on top to sea water on the bottom. 
C)  They mix completely. 
D)  The fresh water covers the sea water. 
E)  There is a continuous gradation from seawater on top to fresh water on the bottom. 
A)  The sea water covers the fresh water. 
B)  There is a continuous gradation from fresh water on top to sea water on the bottom. 
C)  They mix completely. 
D)  The fresh water covers the sea water. 
E)  There is a continuous gradation from seawater on top to fresh water on the bottom.

Question 3

Fish most commonly live_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  in the upper part of the oceans 
B)  near islands and continents 
C)  far from islands and continents 
D)  in the deepest parts of the ocean 
E)  in the thermoclines 
A)  in the upper part of the oceans 
B)  near islands and continents 
C)  far from islands and continents 
D)  in the deepest parts of the ocean 
E)  in the thermoclines

Question 4

Clams, sponges, and other bottom- dwelling animals are called _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  Scavenging organisms 
B)  Planktonic organisms 
C)  Nektonic organisms 
D)  Benthos organisms 
A)  Scavenging organisms 
B)  Planktonic organisms 
C)  Nektonic organisms 
D)  Benthos organisms

Question 5

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  oceanic zone 
B)  neritic zone 
C)  photic zone 
D)  intertidal zone 
A)  oceanic zone 
B)  neritic zone 
C)  photic zone 
D)  intertidal zone

Question 6

The portion of the ocean where photosynthesis can occur is called the_______  zone.

Accepted Answer

A)  nektic 
B)  benthic 
C)  euphotic 
D)  neritic 
A)  nektic 
B)  benthic 
C)  euphotic 
D)  neritic

Question 7

The upper part of the ocean into which sunlight penetrates is called the_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  intertidal zone 
B)  oceanic zone 
C)  neritic zone 
D)  photic zone 
A)  intertidal zone 
B)  oceanic zone 
C)  neritic zone 
D)  photic zone

Question 8

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium chloride 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  magnesium chloride 
D)  sodium sulfate 
A)  sodium chloride 
B)  carbon dioxide 
C)  magnesium chloride 
D)  sodium sulfate

Question 9

The deep zone is characterized by_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  water that gradually decreases in temperature and increases in density with depth 
B)  water with relatively uniform temperature and density throughout 
C)  water that gradually decreases in temperature and density with depth 
D)  water that gradually increases in temperature and density with depth 
E)  water that gradually increases in temperature and decreases in density with depth 
A)  water that gradually decreases in temperature and increases in density with depth 
B)  water with relatively uniform temperature and density throughout 
C)  water that gradually decreases in temperature and density with depth 
D)  water that gradually increases in temperature and density with depth 
E)  water that gradually increases in temperature and decreases in density with depth

Question 10

Salinity in the ocean is highest in regions where_______  is high and_______  is low.

Accepted Answer

A)  precipitation; evaporation 
B)  precipitation; temperature 
C)  evaporation; precipitation 
D)  temperature; evaporation 
A)  precipitation; evaporation 
B)  precipitation; temperature 
C)  evaporation; precipitation 
D)  temperature; evaporation

Question 11

The Atlantic Ocean has lower salinity than other oceans because _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  it has more rainfall and runoff and less evaporation than other oceans 
B)  it spans all of the latitudes 
C)  it has less rainfall and runoff and more evaporation than other oceans 
D)  it is getting larger, and this increases the area where salt can flow into the ocean 
E)  it is getting smaller and this decrease the surface area for salt to evaporate 
A)  it has more rainfall and runoff and less evaporation than other oceans 
B)  it spans all of the latitudes 
C)  it has less rainfall and runoff and more evaporation than other oceans 
D)  it is getting larger, and this increases the area where salt can flow into the ocean 
E)  it is getting smaller and this decrease the surface area for salt to evaporate

Question 12

Most marine animals live near the surface of the ocean because of _______ , which supports photosynthesis by marine algae that form the basis of the food chain.

Accepted Answer

A)  air 
B)  sunlight 
C)  warmer temperatures 
D)  thermocline 
A)  air 
B)  sunlight 
C)  warmer temperatures 
D)  thermocline

Question 13

Major fisheries are concentrated in the neritic zone above the continental shelf. because of all of the following except _______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  nutrients wash in from land 
B)  there is an abundance of sunlight to support photosynthesis 
C)  the sea bottom provides shelter and habitat 
D)  there are rapid changes in oxygen concentrations, temperature, and salinity that encourage diversity 
A)  nutrients wash in from land 
B)  there is an abundance of sunlight to support photosynthesis 
C)  the sea bottom provides shelter and habitat 
D)  there are rapid changes in oxygen concentrations, temperature, and salinity that encourage diversity

Question 14

Productivity of zooplankton is highest in _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  summer 
B)  winter 
C)  fall 
D)  spring 
A)  summer 
B)  winter 
C)  fall 
D)  spring

Question 15

What limits productivity in polar regions?

Accepted Answer

A)  the lack of sunlight year round 
B)  The thermocline acts as a barrier to mixing of surface and deep waters. 
C)  high density of the surface waters 
D)  low temperatures of the surface waters 
E)  all of the above 
A)  the lack of sunlight year round 
B)  The thermocline acts as a barrier to mixing of surface and deep waters. 
C)  high density of the surface waters 
D)  low temperatures of the surface waters 
E)  all of the above

Question 16

Discuss variations in temperature and density of seawater with depth in the oceans. Please use Figure 14.3 to help with your discussion. What are the key factors that influence or control temperature and density? Are these variations the same worldwide or are they specific to certain regions? Explain.

Accepted Answer

Temperature follows a simple bell curve,

Question 17

Among plankton, animals that drift on ocean currents are specifically known as _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  phytoplankton 
B)  neuroplankton 
C)  primary plankton 
D)  zooplankton 
A)  phytoplankton 
B)  neuroplankton 
C)  primary plankton 
D)  zooplankton

Question 18

Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  lower latitudes 
B)  higher latitudes 
C)  regions close to continents 
D)  both high and low latitudes 
A)  lower latitudes 
B)  higher latitudes 
C)  regions close to continents 
D)  both high and low latitudes

Question 19

Only about_______  % of the light energy absorbed by algae is ultimately synthesized into food and made available to herbivores.

Accepted Answer

A)  54 
B)  2 
C)  0.5 
A)  54 
B)  2 
C)  0.5

Question 20

Hydrothermal vents provide a unique deep sea environment that supports abundant life because _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  food carried in the hydrothermal fluids provides a hospitable environment to support abundant life 
B)  the hydrothermal vents support photosynthesis so there is abundant food 
C)  the density of the seawater is less and this allows organisms more mobility 
D)  the heat from the hydrothermal vents provides a more hospitable environment to support life 
A)  food carried in the hydrothermal fluids provides a hospitable environment to support abundant life 
B)  the hydrothermal vents support photosynthesis so there is abundant food 
C)  the density of the seawater is less and this allows organisms more mobility 
D)  the heat from the hydrothermal vents provides a more hospitable environment to support life

Exam 14: Ocean Water and Ocean Life

Seawater contains _______ of the natural occurring elements on earth.

What happens when fresh water flows into seawater?

Fish most commonly live_______ .

Clams, sponges, and other bottom- dwelling animals are called _______ .

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

The portion of the ocean where photosynthesis can occur is called the_______ zone.

The upper part of the ocean into which sunlight penetrates is called the_______ .

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

The deep zone is characterized by_______ .

Salinity in the ocean is highest in regions where_______ is high and_______ is low.

The Atlantic Ocean has lower salinity than other oceans because _______ .

Most marine animals live near the surface of the ocean because of _______ , which supports photosynthesis by marine algae that form the basis of the food chain.

Major fisheries are concentrated in the neritic zone above the continental shelf. because of all of the following except _______ .

Productivity of zooplankton is highest in _______ .

What limits productivity in polar regions?

Among plankton, animals that drift on ocean currents are specifically known as _______ .

Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at _______ .

Only about_______ % of the light energy absorbed by algae is ultimately synthesized into food and made available to herbivores.

Hydrothermal vents provide a unique deep sea environment that supports abundant life because _______ .

Introduction to Earth Science

Matter and Minerals

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Moisture, Clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Storms

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light, Telescopes, and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

Filters

Salinity in the ocean is highest in regions where_ is high and_ is low.