Question 1

Animals capable of moving independent of the ocean currents, by swimming or other means of propulsion, are called _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  plankton 
B)  benthos organisms 
C)  biomass 
D)  nekton 
A)  plankton 
B)  benthos organisms 
C)  biomass 
D)  nekton

Question 2

Scientists infer that chemical weathering of crustal rocks is not the only source of some minerals, such as chlorine, bromine, sulfur, and boron because _______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  there are more of those minerals in the oceans than can be derived from crustal rocks alone 
B)  the minerals are highly reactive and are not found as compounds that would come from crustal material 
C)  those minerals have the wrong isotopic composition for weathering products of crustal rocks 
D)  some of the minerals are only found in meteorites and must have an extraterrestrial source 
E)  none of the above 
A)  there are more of those minerals in the oceans than can be derived from crustal rocks alone 
B)  the minerals are highly reactive and are not found as compounds that would come from crustal material 
C)  those minerals have the wrong isotopic composition for weathering products of crustal rocks 
D)  some of the minerals are only found in meteorites and must have an extraterrestrial source 
E)  none of the above

Question 3

The thermocline is important because _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability for the ocean to dissolve CO2 from the atmosphere is dependent on temperature over a range of depths. 
B)  different chemical compositions form at different temperatures 
C)  it controls the climate and rate of evaporation and precipitation near the oceans 
D)  it forms a barrier to many types of marine life that can only exist within certain temperature ranges 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the ability for the ocean to dissolve CO2 from the atmosphere is dependent on temperature over a range of depths. 
B)  different chemical compositions form at different temperatures 
C)  it controls the climate and rate of evaporation and precipitation near the oceans 
D)  it forms a barrier to many types of marine life that can only exist within certain temperature ranges 
E)  none of the above

Question 4

Seawater has become more acidic since the industrial revolution and this is commonly attributed to_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  global climate change, which is changing the temperature of seawater and producing a related change in the water chemistry 
B)  human dumping of large quantities of waste materials into the oceans that increase the acid content of the water 
C)  the increase in CO2 being put into the atmosphere and then absorbed into the oceans 
D)  a decrease in the amount of base compounds to neutralize the natural acids in seawater 
E)  the loss of calcite- secreting organisms and reef- builders in the oceans due to pollution 
A)  global climate change, which is changing the temperature of seawater and producing a related change in the water chemistry 
B)  human dumping of large quantities of waste materials into the oceans that increase the acid content of the water 
C)  the increase in CO2 being put into the atmosphere and then absorbed into the oceans 
D)  a decrease in the amount of base compounds to neutralize the natural acids in seawater 
E)  the loss of calcite- secreting organisms and reef- builders in the oceans due to pollution

Question 5

What is the relationship of marine life zones to the distance from a given shoreline? Briefly discuss the factors that control or cause these different zones. Where are these factors on Figure 14.12 below and is one factor more important than the others?

Accepted Answer

The farther away from the shore one trav

Question 6

The average salinity of seawater is_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  30.0% 
B)  0.01% 
C)  0.27% 
D)  3.5% 
E)  19.8% 
A)  30.0% 
B)  0.01% 
C)  0.27% 
D)  3.5% 
E)  19.8%

Question 7

Productivity is the amount of carbon fixed by organisms through the synthesis of organic matter using energy derived from_______  and _______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthesis; hydrothermal 
B)  hydrothermal; available nutrients 
C)  chemosynthesis; photosynthesis 
D)  chemosynthesis; hydrothermal 
E)  none of these 
A)  photosynthesis; hydrothermal 
B)  hydrothermal; available nutrients 
C)  chemosynthesis; photosynthesis 
D)  chemosynthesis; hydrothermal 
E)  none of these

Question 8

Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at _______ latitudes.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher 
B)  polar 
C)  lower 
D)  middle 
A)  higher 
B)  polar 
C)  lower 
D)  middle

Question 9

Consider the below chart of Arctic Sea ice in September of each year:   What is causing the loss of sea ice?

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanism 
B)  biolotical activity 
C)  global warming 
D)  changes in surface salinity 
A)  volcanism 
B)  biolotical activity 
C)  global warming 
D)  changes in surface salinity

Question 10

The most abundant salt in seawater is_______ _.

Accepted Answer

A)  SiO2  
B)  NaCl 
C)  KCl 
D)  MgCl2 
A)  SiO2  
B)  NaCl 
C)  KCl 
D)  MgCl2

Question 11

Productivity is highest in _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  polar oceans 
B)  temperate oceans 
C)  tropical oceans 
D)  none of the above 
A)  polar oceans 
B)  temperate oceans 
C)  tropical oceans 
D)  none of the above

Question 12

Ocean life appears to be affected by a relatively small number of variables such as temperature, density, available sunlight, available nutrients. If any one of these variables changes how do you think it might it impact the human food web?

Accepted Answer

The oceans are huge so it would be diffi

Question 13

The_______  is where the land and ocean meet and overlap.

Accepted Answer

A)  intertidal zone 
B)  neritic zone 
C)  photic zone 
D)  oceanic zone 
A)  intertidal zone 
B)  neritic zone 
C)  photic zone 
D)  oceanic zone

Question 14

Density is an important property of ocean water because_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  it determines the vertical position of the water 
B)  it determines the chemistry of the water 
C)  it determines the temperature of the water 
D)  it determines the horizontal position of the water 
E)  it only changes when there is a major change in water chemistry 
A)  it determines the vertical position of the water 
B)  it determines the chemistry of the water 
C)  it determines the temperature of the water 
D)  it determines the horizontal position of the water 
E)  it only changes when there is a major change in water chemistry

Question 15

Productivity in temperate oceans is determined by _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  seasons 
B)  latitude 
C)  ocean currents 
D)  all of these 
A)  seasons 
B)  latitude 
C)  ocean currents 
D)  all of these

Question 16

Productivity of diatoms is highest in _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  fall 
B)  spring 
C)  summer 
D)  winter 
A)  fall 
B)  spring 
C)  summer 
D)  winter

Question 17

In the food chain, each feeding stage is called a _______ level.

Accepted Answer

A)  bios 
B)  trophic 
C)  replenishment 
D)  none of these 
A)  bios 
B)  trophic 
C)  replenishment 
D)  none of these

Question 18

Deep ocean temperatures are_______  at low latitudes compared to high latitudes.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower 
B)  very constant 
C)  highly variable 
D)  higher 
E)  about the same 
A)  lower 
B)  very constant 
C)  highly variable 
D)  higher 
E)  about the same

Question 19

Between 25° and 35° latitude, salinity is likely to be _______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  high 
B)  average 
C)  seasonally variable 
D)  low 
A)  high 
B)  average 
C)  seasonally variable 
D)  low

Question 20

The surface mixed zone is characterized by_______  .

Accepted Answer

A)  high density water near the surface that rapidly decreases in density with depth 
B)  nearly constant temperatures to a depth of about 300 meters 
C)  a rapid change from warm temperatures on top to cold temperatures at a depth of about 300 meters 
D)  a mixture of temperatures and densities to a depth of about 300 to 450 meters depth 
E)  low density water near the surface that rapidly increases in density with depth 
A)  high density water near the surface that rapidly decreases in density with depth 
B)  nearly constant temperatures to a depth of about 300 meters 
C)  a rapid change from warm temperatures on top to cold temperatures at a depth of about 300 meters 
D)  a mixture of temperatures and densities to a depth of about 300 to 450 meters depth 
E)  low density water near the surface that rapidly increases in density with depth

Exam 14: Ocean Water and Ocean Life

Animals capable of moving independent of the ocean currents, by swimming or other means of propulsion, are called _______ .

Scientists infer that chemical weathering of crustal rocks is not the only source of some minerals, such as chlorine, bromine, sulfur, and boron because _______ .

The thermocline is important because _______ .

Seawater has become more acidic since the industrial revolution and this is commonly attributed to_______ .

What is the relationship of marine life zones to the distance from a given shoreline? Briefly discuss the factors that control or cause these different zones. Where are these factors on Figure 14.12 below and is one factor more important than the others?

The average salinity of seawater is_______ .

Productivity is the amount of carbon fixed by organisms through the synthesis of organic matter using energy derived from_______ and _______ .

Thermoclines in the ocean are best developed at _______ latitudes.

Consider the below chart of Arctic Sea ice in September of each year: What is causing the loss of sea ice?

The most abundant salt in seawater is_______ _.

Productivity is highest in _______ .

Ocean life appears to be affected by a relatively small number of variables such as temperature, density, available sunlight, available nutrients. If any one of these variables changes how do you think it might it impact the human food web?

The_______ is where the land and ocean meet and overlap.

Density is an important property of ocean water because_______ .

Productivity in temperate oceans is determined by _______ .

Productivity of diatoms is highest in _______ .

In the food chain, each feeding stage is called a _______ level.

Deep ocean temperatures are_______ at low latitudes compared to high latitudes.

Between 25° and 35° latitude, salinity is likely to be _______ .

The surface mixed zone is characterized by_______ .

Introduction to Earth Science

Matter and Minerals

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Moisture, Clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Storms

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light, Telescopes, and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

Filters

Productivity is the amount of carbon fixed by organisms through the synthesis of organic matter using energy derived from_ and _ .