Question 1

Nearly all the states in the U.S. now have _______ statutes that prohibit or limit testimony concerning a rape victim's prior sexual activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  inadmissible rape testimony 
B)  rape denial 
C)  rape shield 
D)  no 
A)  inadmissible rape testimony 
B)  rape denial 
C)  rape shield 
D)  no

Question 2

Research on the effects of group deliberation by a jury suggests all of the following EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)  jurors exert normative pressure. 
B)  jurors share information. 
C)  deliberation does not cancel out certain biases. 
D)  deliberation can draw attention away from jurors' previous prejudgments of the evidence. 
A)  jurors exert normative pressure. 
B)  jurors share information. 
C)  deliberation does not cancel out certain biases. 
D)  deliberation can draw attention away from jurors' previous prejudgments of the evidence.

Question 3

To minimize the effects of inadmissible testimony, judges are best advised to

Accepted Answer

A)  wait until jurors have heard the testimony before ruling it inadmissible, so jurors specifically know what they are to disregard. 
B)  videotape the testimony and cut out the inadmissible parts. 
C)  meet with jurors during their deliberations after the trial to insure that inadmissible testimony is not influencing their judgments. 
D)  immediately follow the trial by seeking a verbal pledge from each juror to ignore inadmissible evidence. 
A)  wait until jurors have heard the testimony before ruling it inadmissible, so jurors specifically know what they are to disregard. 
B)  videotape the testimony and cut out the inadmissible parts. 
C)  meet with jurors during their deliberations after the trial to insure that inadmissible testimony is not influencing their judgments. 
D)  immediately follow the trial by seeking a verbal pledge from each juror to ignore inadmissible evidence.

Question 4

Researchers have found that eyewitnesses' accuracy can improve when

Accepted Answer

A)  interrogators delay the interview at least one week. 
B)  the witnesses scan a group of mug shots or a composite drawing before reviewing a lineup. 
C)  they are presented with a sequence of individual people, one by one, instead of being presented with a group of photos or a lineup. 
D)  the seriousness of the crime is highlighted. 
A)  interrogators delay the interview at least one week. 
B)  the witnesses scan a group of mug shots or a composite drawing before reviewing a lineup. 
C)  they are presented with a sequence of individual people, one by one, instead of being presented with a group of photos or a lineup. 
D)  the seriousness of the crime is highlighted.

Question 5

After hearing a television report falsely indicating that drugs may have contributed to a recent auto accident, several eyewitnesses of the accident begin to remember the driver as traveling at a faster rate of speed than was actually the case. This provides an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  flashbulb memory. 
B)  state-dependent memory. 
C)  the serial position effect. 
D)  the misinformation effect. 
A)  flashbulb memory. 
B)  state-dependent memory. 
C)  the serial position effect. 
D)  the misinformation effect.

Question 6

People fail to detect that an innocent person entering a scene differs from another person exiting the scene in _____ experiments.

Accepted Answer

A)  change blindness 
B)  misinformation effect 
C)  cognitive dissonance 
D)  imagination inflation 
A)  change blindness 
B)  misinformation effect 
C)  cognitive dissonance 
D)  imagination inflation

Question 7

A prosecuting attorney is uncertain whether her eyewitness will seem credible to the jury. The eyewitness's testimony could help win a conviction, but the witness might be discredited by the defense attorney. What advice should the prosecutor accept?

Accepted Answer

A)  Put the eyewitness on the stand, since even a discredited eyewitness is more convincing than no eyewitness at all. 
B)  Do not put the eyewitness on the stand, since a discredited eyewitness is worse than no eyewitness at all. 
C)  Put the eyewitness on the stand but admit your reservations about the credibility of the eyewitness before the defense attorney raises the issue. 
D)  Put the eyewitness on the stand only if he or she is attractive and similar to the jurors. 
A)  Put the eyewitness on the stand, since even a discredited eyewitness is more convincing than no eyewitness at all. 
B)  Do not put the eyewitness on the stand, since a discredited eyewitness is worse than no eyewitness at all. 
C)  Put the eyewitness on the stand but admit your reservations about the credibility of the eyewitness before the defense attorney raises the issue. 
D)  Put the eyewitness on the stand only if he or she is attractive and similar to the jurors.

Question 8

What effect does rehearsing answers to questions before taking the witness stand have on testimony?

Accepted Answer

A)  It makes the witness more confident but only if their recollection is accurate. 
B)  It makes the witness more likely to make mistakes during actual testimony. 
C)  It makes the witness more confident even when they are inaccurate. 
D)  It makes the witness more likely to forget the smaller details of the incident they observed. 
A)  It makes the witness more confident but only if their recollection is accurate. 
B)  It makes the witness more likely to make mistakes during actual testimony. 
C)  It makes the witness more confident even when they are inaccurate. 
D)  It makes the witness more likely to forget the smaller details of the incident they observed.

Question 9

City police found that Mr. Caldwell, an eyewitness to a murder in a local bank, correctly remembered many trivial details of the crime scene, including the specific time on the clock and the paintings on the wall. Research findings suggest that Mr.
Caldwell's recall of trivial details means

Accepted Answer

A)  it is more likely that he can also correctly identify the murderer. 
B)  it is less likely that he can also correctly identify the murderer. 
C)  nothing in terms of his ability to correctly identify the murderer. 
D)  it is more likely that he can also correctly identify the murderer, provided Mr. Caldwell is also highly educated. 
A)  it is more likely that he can also correctly identify the murderer. 
B)  it is less likely that he can also correctly identify the murderer. 
C)  nothing in terms of his ability to correctly identify the murderer. 
D)  it is more likely that he can also correctly identify the murderer, provided Mr. Caldwell is also highly educated.

Question 10

Someone accused of a crime is judged more sympathetically

Accepted Answer

A)  by females than by males. 
B)  if he or she has good communication skills. 
C)  if he or she appears similar to the one who judges. 
D)  if there was a bystander who watched and did not intervene. 
A)  by females than by males. 
B)  if he or she has good communication skills. 
C)  if he or she appears similar to the one who judges. 
D)  if there was a bystander who watched and did not intervene.

Question 11

After hearing evidence in a murder trial, ten jurors believed that the evidence was insufficient to convict the 25-year-old Black defendant. According to the group polarization hypothesis, after the jurors deliberated, they would be

Accepted Answer

A)  more convinced that the defendant was guilty. 
B)  more convinced that the evidence was insufficient to convict. 
C)  evenly split, with some convinced that he was guilty and others convinced that he was innocent. 
D)  split, with the minority favoring acquittal and the majority favoring conviction. 
A)  more convinced that the defendant was guilty. 
B)  more convinced that the evidence was insufficient to convict. 
C)  evenly split, with some convinced that he was guilty and others convinced that he was innocent. 
D)  split, with the minority favoring acquittal and the majority favoring conviction.

Question 12

Ellsworth and Mauro (1998) reported that gender seems to be linked with verdicts only in

Accepted Answer

A)  racially charged cases. 
B)  rape and battered woman cases. 
C)  personal injury awards in suits against businesses. 
D)  murder cases. 
A)  racially charged cases. 
B)  rape and battered woman cases. 
C)  personal injury awards in suits against businesses. 
D)  murder cases.

Question 13

People are most at risk for having highly confident, yet ultimately incorrect, recollections when recalling

Accepted Answer

A)  faces of another race. 
B)  faces of another gender. 
C)  faces from the same race. 
D)  faces from the same gender. 
A)  faces of another race. 
B)  faces of another gender. 
C)  faces from the same race. 
D)  faces from the same gender.

Question 14

In the process known as the misinformation effect, individuals

Accepted Answer

A)  give misleading testimony in court. 
B)  receive wrong information about an event and then incorporate that information into their memory of the event. 
C)  purposely give wrong information to police. 
D)  fail to remember any information following a traumatic event. 
A)  give misleading testimony in court. 
B)  receive wrong information about an event and then incorporate that information into their memory of the event. 
C)  purposely give wrong information to police. 
D)  fail to remember any information following a traumatic event.

Question 15

Dunning and Perretta (2002) found that those eyewitnesses who made their identifications _______ were nearly 90 percent accurate.

Accepted Answer

A)  after a long deliberation 
B)  confidently 
C)  in less than 10-12 seconds 
D)  and then changed them 
A)  after a long deliberation 
B)  confidently 
C)  in less than 10-12 seconds 
D)  and then changed them

Question 16

Jurors think that an eyewitness who can recall trivial details such as how many pictures were hanging in the room probably

Accepted Answer

A)  gained information about these details by a second visit to the crime scene. 
B)  was paying better attention than one who recalls no details. 
C)  was not paying attention to the culprit or the crime itself. 
D)  is no more accurate in recalling important information than witnesses with no memory for details. 
A)  gained information about these details by a second visit to the crime scene. 
B)  was paying better attention than one who recalls no details. 
C)  was not paying attention to the culprit or the crime itself. 
D)  is no more accurate in recalling important information than witnesses with no memory for details.

Nearly all the states in the U.S. now have _______ statutes that prohibit or limit testimony concerning a rape victim's prior sexual activity.

Research on the effects of group deliberation by a jury suggests all of the following EXCEPT that

To minimize the effects of inadmissible testimony, judges are best advised to

Researchers have found that eyewitnesses' accuracy can improve when

After hearing a television report falsely indicating that drugs may have contributed to a recent auto accident, several eyewitnesses of the accident begin to remember the driver as traveling at a faster rate of speed than was actually the case. This provides an example of

People fail to detect that an innocent person entering a scene differs from another person exiting the scene in _____ experiments.

A prosecuting attorney is uncertain whether her eyewitness will seem credible to the jury. The eyewitness's testimony could help win a conviction, but the witness might be discredited by the defense attorney. What advice should the prosecutor accept?

What effect does rehearsing answers to questions before taking the witness stand have on testimony?

City police found that Mr. Caldwell, an eyewitness to a murder in a local bank, correctly remembered many trivial details of the crime scene, including the specific time on the clock and the paintings on the wall. Research findings suggest that Mr. Caldwell's recall of trivial details means

Someone accused of a crime is judged more sympathetically

After hearing evidence in a murder trial, ten jurors believed that the evidence was insufficient to convict the 25-year-old Black defendant. According to the group polarization hypothesis, after the jurors deliberated, they would be

Ellsworth and Mauro (1998) reported that gender seems to be linked with verdicts only in

People are most at risk for having highly confident, yet ultimately incorrect, recollections when recalling

In the process known as the misinformation effect, individuals

Dunning and Perretta (2002) found that those eyewitnesses who made their identifications _______ were nearly 90 percent accurate.

Jurors think that an eyewitness who can recall trivial details such as how many pictures were hanging in the room probably

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Exam 15: Psychological Disorders

Nearly all the states in the U.S. now have _______ statutes that prohibit or limit testimony concerning a rape victim's prior sexual activity.

Research on the effects of group deliberation by a jury suggests all of the following EXCEPT that

To minimize the effects of inadmissible testimony, judges are best advised to

Researchers have found that eyewitnesses' accuracy can improve when

After hearing a television report falsely indicating that drugs may have contributed to a recent auto accident, several eyewitnesses of the accident begin to remember the driver as traveling at a faster rate of speed than was actually the case. This provides an example of

People fail to detect that an innocent person entering a scene differs from another person exiting the scene in _____ experiments.

A prosecuting attorney is uncertain whether her eyewitness will seem credible to the jury. The eyewitness's testimony could help win a conviction, but the witness might be discredited by the defense attorney. What advice should the prosecutor accept?

What effect does rehearsing answers to questions before taking the witness stand have on testimony?

City police found that Mr. Caldwell, an eyewitness to a murder in a local bank, correctly remembered many trivial details of the crime scene, including the specific time on the clock and the paintings on the wall. Research findings suggest that Mr. Caldwell's recall of trivial details means

Someone accused of a crime is judged more sympathetically

After hearing evidence in a murder trial, ten jurors believed that the evidence was insufficient to convict the 25-year-old Black defendant. According to the group polarization hypothesis, after the jurors deliberated, they would be

Ellsworth and Mauro (1998) reported that gender seems to be linked with verdicts only in

People are most at risk for having highly confident, yet ultimately incorrect, recollections when recalling

In the process known as the misinformation effect, individuals

Dunning and Perretta (2002) found that those eyewitnesses who made their identifications _______ were nearly 90 percent accurate.

Jurors think that an eyewitness who can recall trivial details such as how many pictures were hanging in the room probably

Thinking Critically With Psychological Science

The Biology of Mind

Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

Developing Through the Life Span

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Thinking and Language

Intelligence

What Drives Us: Hunger, Sex, Friendship, and Achievement

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

Personality

Therapy

Filters