Question 1

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)is caused by bacterial pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Fiber and starches not digested in the small intestine may be fermented by bacteria in the large intestine to form ________.

Accepted Answer

A) short-chain fatty acids and flatus 
B) long-chain fatty acids and bile 
C) short- and long-chain fatty acids 
D) simple sugars and flatus 
A) short-chain fatty acids and flatus 
B) long-chain fatty acids and bile 
C) short- and long-chain fatty acids 
D) simple sugars and flatus

Question 3

Removal of the gallbladder prevents normal digestion and absorption of dietary fat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The smallest functional unit of the human body is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) organ 
B) organ system 
C) cell 
D) epithelial tissue 
A) organ 
B) organ system 
C) cell 
D) epithelial tissue

Question 5

Segmentation as a function of the GI tract involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A) peristalsis to move the food along the GI tract 
B) back and forth contractions that break apart the food mass 
C) conscious effort 
D) enzyme input to break apart the food mass 
A) peristalsis to move the food along the GI tract 
B) back and forth contractions that break apart the food mass 
C) conscious effort 
D) enzyme input to break apart the food mass

Question 6

An example of a prebiotic is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a food that contains a naturally occurring antibiotic 
B) cheese,because of its short-chain fatty acid content 
C) any food that contains organic acids and short-chain fatty acids 
D) inulin,a poorly digested carbohydrate found in foods such as onions,garlic,and asparagus 
A) a food that contains a naturally occurring antibiotic 
B) cheese,because of its short-chain fatty acid content 
C) any food that contains organic acids and short-chain fatty acids 
D) inulin,a poorly digested carbohydrate found in foods such as onions,garlic,and asparagus

Question 7

The secretions of the gallbladder,liver,and pancreas enter the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) ileum,by way of a common duct 
B) duodenum,by way of the sphincter of Oddi 
C) stomach,by way of a common duct 
D) jejunum,by way of the sphincter of Oddi 
A) ileum,by way of a common duct 
B) duodenum,by way of the sphincter of Oddi 
C) stomach,by way of a common duct 
D) jejunum,by way of the sphincter of Oddi

Question 8

The major function(s)of the stomach is/are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates,especially starch 
B) the digestion and absorption of alcohol 
C) to mix ingested foods with gastric juices to form chyme 
D) All of these responses are correct. 
A) the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates,especially starch 
B) the digestion and absorption of alcohol 
C) to mix ingested foods with gastric juices to form chyme 
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 9

__________ increases the available surface area of fats for digestion and later absorption.

Accepted Answer

A) Pancreatic lipase 
B) Lingual lipase 
C) Gastric lipase 
D) Bile 
A) Pancreatic lipase 
B) Lingual lipase 
C) Gastric lipase 
D) Bile

Question 10

Secretions from the pancreas include ________.

Accepted Answer

A) HCl and digestive enzymes 
B) sodium bicarbonate and digestive enzymes 
C) cholecystokinin and sodium bicarbonate 
D) All of these responses are correct. 
A) HCl and digestive enzymes 
B) sodium bicarbonate and digestive enzymes 
C) cholecystokinin and sodium bicarbonate 
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 11

Water-soluble nutrients enter into the body by way of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the blood 
B) the lymph system 
C) both the blood and the lymph system 
D) neither the blood nor the lymph system 
A) the blood 
B) the lymph system 
C) both the blood and the lymph system 
D) neither the blood nor the lymph system

Question 12

Villi are found mainly in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) large intestine 
B) small intestine 
C) esophagus 
D) stomach 
A) large intestine 
B) small intestine 
C) esophagus 
D) stomach

Question 13

Most digestive enzymes are synthesized by the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) liver and large intestine 
B) bile and gallbladder 
C) kidneys and esophagus 
D) pancreas and small intestine 
A) liver and large intestine 
B) bile and gallbladder 
C) kidneys and esophagus 
D) pancreas and small intestine

Question 14

The villi found in the gastrointestinal tract ________.

Accepted Answer

A) are finger-like projections into the lumen of the small intestine 
B) are covered with the brush border (microvilli) 
C) contain cells that produce mucus,hormones,and enzymes 
D) produce a large surface area for nutrient absorption 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) are finger-like projections into the lumen of the small intestine 
B) are covered with the brush border (microvilli) 
C) contain cells that produce mucus,hormones,and enzymes 
D) produce a large surface area for nutrient absorption 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 15

Gastrin,secretin,CCK,and gastric inhibitory peptide are examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) enzymes 
B) hormones 
C) active absorption 
D) None of these choices are accurate. 
A) enzymes 
B) hormones 
C) active absorption 
D) None of these choices are accurate.

Question 16

Human digestion of food begins in the _______,where the enzyme _____ breaks down a small amount of starch.

Accepted Answer

A) mouth; amylase 
B) stomach; pepsin 
C) small intestine; amylase 
D) mouth; lipase 
A) mouth; amylase 
B) stomach; pepsin 
C) small intestine; amylase 
D) mouth; lipase

Question 17

Most of the water in the gastrointestinal tract is absorbed in the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What would happen to the lining of the stomach if mucus were not produced?

Accepted Answer

A) The production of intrinsic factor would decrease. 
B) Carbohydrates could not be digested. 
C) Pepsinogen would not become activated. 
D) Cells in the stomach would not be protected from gastric juices. 
A) The production of intrinsic factor would decrease. 
B) Carbohydrates could not be digested. 
C) Pepsinogen would not become activated. 
D) Cells in the stomach would not be protected from gastric juices.

Question 19

Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the cardiovascular system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-)from the pancreas ________.

Accepted Answer

A) neutralize the acid contents in the stomach 
B) are synthesized in the pyloric sphincter 
C) neutralize the bile in the duodenum 
D) neutralize the acid contents in the duodenum 
A) neutralize the acid contents in the stomach 
B) are synthesized in the pyloric sphincter 
C) neutralize the bile in the duodenum 
D) neutralize the acid contents in the duodenum

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)is caused by bacterial pathogens.

Fiber and starches not digested in the small intestine may be fermented by bacteria in the large intestine to form ________.

Removal of the gallbladder prevents normal digestion and absorption of dietary fat.

The smallest functional unit of the human body is the ________.

Segmentation as a function of the GI tract involves ________.

An example of a prebiotic is ________.

The secretions of the gallbladder,liver,and pancreas enter the ________.

The major function(s)of the stomach is/are ________.

__________ increases the available surface area of fats for digestion and later absorption.

Secretions from the pancreas include ________.

Water-soluble nutrients enter into the body by way of ________.

Villi are found mainly in the ________.

Most digestive enzymes are synthesized by the ________.

The villi found in the gastrointestinal tract ________.

Gastrin,secretin,CCK,and gastric inhibitory peptide are examples of ________.

Human digestion of food begins in the ___,where the enzyme _ breaks down a small amount of starch.

Most of the water in the gastrointestinal tract is absorbed in the small intestine.

What would happen to the lining of the stomach if mucus were not produced?

Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the cardiovascular system.

Bicarbonate ions (HCO₃-)from the pancreas ________.

The Science of Nutrition

Tools of a Healthy Diet

The Food Supply

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Alcohol

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance, weight Control, and Eating Disorders

Nutrition, exercise and Sports

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

Water and Major Minerals

Trace Minerals

Nutritional Aspects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition During the Growing Years

Nutrition During the Adult Years

Filters

Exam 4: Human Digestion and Absorption

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)is caused by bacterial pathogens.

Fiber and starches not digested in the small intestine may be fermented by bacteria in the large intestine to form ________.

Removal of the gallbladder prevents normal digestion and absorption of dietary fat.

The smallest functional unit of the human body is the ________.

Segmentation as a function of the GI tract involves ________.

An example of a prebiotic is ________.

The secretions of the gallbladder,liver,and pancreas enter the ________.

The major function(s)of the stomach is/are ________.

__________ increases the available surface area of fats for digestion and later absorption.

Secretions from the pancreas include ________.

Water-soluble nutrients enter into the body by way of ________.

Villi are found mainly in the ________.

Most digestive enzymes are synthesized by the ________.

The villi found in the gastrointestinal tract ________.

Gastrin,secretin,CCK,and gastric inhibitory peptide are examples of ________.

Human digestion of food begins in the _______,where the enzyme _____ breaks down a small amount of starch.

Most of the water in the gastrointestinal tract is absorbed in the small intestine.

What would happen to the lining of the stomach if mucus were not produced?

Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the cardiovascular system.

Bicarbonate ions (HCO3-)from the pancreas ________.

The Science of Nutrition

Tools of a Healthy Diet

The Food Supply

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Alcohol

Energy Metabolism

Energy Balance, weight Control, and Eating Disorders

Nutrition, exercise and Sports

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

Water and Major Minerals

Trace Minerals

Nutritional Aspects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition During the Growing Years

Nutrition During the Adult Years

Filters

Human digestion of food begins in the ___,where the enzyme _ breaks down a small amount of starch.

Bicarbonate ions (HCO₃-)from the pancreas ________.