Exam 23: Conservation Genetics

The effective population size is usually greater than the absolute population size.

Allozyme analysis allows an investigator an opportunity to determine the sequence of a particular stretch of DNA.

The strategy of boosting numbers of organisms in a declining population by transplantation of the same species collected from more numerous populations elsewhere is called ________.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)estimated that since 1900,________ percent of the genetic diversity in agricultural crops has been lost.

Briefly describe what is meant by a population bottleneck.

What is meant by the effective population size (N_e)?

Which experimental technique employs the "obscure" bacterium Thermus aquaticus that was first discovered in a thermal pool in Yellowstone National Park?

What is measured by the inbreeding coefficient (F)?

What are allozymes?

DNA fingerprinting can be applied to problems involving endangered species because,with the DNA fingerprint,systems of migration,breeding,and heterozygosity can be assessed.

Interspecific diversity and intraspecific diversity provide an assessment of essentially identical parameters.

Genetic drift usually leads to a loss of genetic variation.

When a new population,derived from a small subset of individuals,has significantly less genetic diversity than the original population,it is said to be exhibiting a(n)________.

Genetic variation within populations can be measured as the frequency of individuals in the population that are heterozygous at a given locus or as the number of different alleles at a locus that are present in the gene pool.

Population bottlenecks are generally beneficial to a species because they provide an opportunity to weed out weaker alleles.