Question 1

Viral chromosomes exist in a variety of conformations and can be made up of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) protein- or lipid-coding sequences 
B) DNA only 
C) DNA or RNA 
D) RNA only 
E) DNA,RNA,or protein 
A) protein- or lipid-coding sequences 
B) DNA only 
C) DNA or RNA 
D) RNA only 
E) DNA,RNA,or protein C

Question 2

What are histones,and how are they arranged in nucleosomes?

Accepted Answer

Histones include five main classes of relatively small basic proteins containing relatively large amounts of lysine and arginine.Nucleosomes are made of two each of four types of histones.

Question 3

Approximately how much of the mammalian genome is composed of repetitive DNA?

Accepted Answer

About 5% to 10% of a mammalian genome is highly repetitive; about 30% is moderately repetitive.

Question 4

When native chromatin is digested with micrococcal nuclease,what significant result occurs?

Accepted Answer

DNA fragments of app

Question 5

In human chromosomes,satellite DNA sequences of about 170 base pairs in length are present in tandem arrays of up to 1 million base pairs.Found mainly in centromere regions,these DNA sequences are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) telomeres 
B) primers 
C) alphoid families 
D) euchromatic regions 
E) telomere-associated sequences 
A) telomeres 
B) primers 
C) alphoid families 
D) euchromatic regions 
E) telomere-associated sequences

Question 6

Telomerase is an enzyme involved in the replication of the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Eukaryotic chromosomes contain two general domains that relate to the degree of condensation.These two regions are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) called heterochromatin and euchromatin 
B) uniform in the genetic information they contain 
C) separated by large stretches of repetitive DNA 
D) each void of typical protein-coding sequences of DNA 
E) void of introns 
A) called heterochromatin and euchromatin 
B) uniform in the genetic information they contain 
C) separated by large stretches of repetitive DNA 
D) each void of typical protein-coding sequences of DNA 
E) void of introns

Question 8

What are minisatellites and microsatellites?

Accepted Answer

Both are highly repe

Question 9

Although mutations have been observed in many different genes,they have not been isolated in histones.Why does this seem reasonable? If one wanted to produce antibodies to histones,would it be an easy task? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Histones represent one of the most conse

Question 10

Chromatin of eukaryotes is organized into repeating interactions with protein octomers called nucleosomes.Nucleosomes are composed of which class of molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) histones 
B) glycoproteins 
C) lipids 
D) H1 histones 
E) nonhistone chromosomal proteins 
A) histones 
B) glycoproteins 
C) lipids 
D) H1 histones 
E) nonhistone chromosomal proteins

Question 11

List the components of a nucleosome.

Accepted Answer

Histones H2A,H2B,H3,

Question 12

In addition to highly repetitive and unique DNA sequences,a third category of DNA sequences exists.What is it called,and which types of elements are involved in it?

Accepted Answer

A) composite DNA; telomeres and heterochromatin 
B) dominant DNA; euchromatin and heterochromatin 
C) multiple gene family DNA; hemoglobin and 5.0S RNA 
D) moderately repetitive DNA; SINEs,LINEs,and VNTRs 
E) permissive DNA; centromeres and heterochromatin 
A) composite DNA; telomeres and heterochromatin 
B) dominant DNA; euchromatin and heterochromatin 
C) multiple gene family DNA; hemoglobin and 5.0S RNA 
D) moderately repetitive DNA; SINEs,LINEs,and VNTRs 
E) permissive DNA; centromeres and heterochromatin

Question 13

Viral genomes are always linear,double-stranded DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Briefly state what is meant by repetitive DNA.

Accepted Answer

DNA is present in re

Question 15

How do VNTRs relate to DNA fingerprinting?

Accepted Answer

VNTRs are variable number tand

Question 16

In instances in the eukaryotic genome,DNA sequences represent evolutionary vestiges of duplicated copies of genes.What are such regions called and what are their characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Pseudogenes are duplicated cop

Question 17

In E.coli,the genetic material is composed of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) circular,double-stranded DNA 
B) linear,double-stranded DNA 
C) RNA and protein 
D) circular,double-stranded RNA 
E) polypeptide chains 
A) circular,double-stranded DNA 
B) linear,double-stranded DNA 
C) RNA and protein 
D) circular,double-stranded RNA 
E) polypeptide chains

Question 18

What is meant by SINE in terms of chromosome structure? by LINE? Why are they called "repetitive"?

Accepted Answer

SINE = short interspersed elem

Question 19

Each human contains an identical set of VNTRs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In situ hybridization allows one to "visualize" the location of labeled RNA or DNA in a tissue or cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Chromosome Structure and DNA Sequence Organization

Viral chromosomes exist in a variety of conformations and can be made up of ________.

What are histones,and how are they arranged in nucleosomes?

Approximately how much of the mammalian genome is composed of repetitive DNA?

When native chromatin is digested with micrococcal nuclease,what significant result occurs?

In human chromosomes,satellite DNA sequences of about 170 base pairs in length are present in tandem arrays of up to 1 million base pairs.Found mainly in centromere regions,these DNA sequences are called ________.

Telomerase is an enzyme involved in the replication of the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.

Eukaryotic chromosomes contain two general domains that relate to the degree of condensation.These two regions are ________.

What are minisatellites and microsatellites?

Although mutations have been observed in many different genes,they have not been isolated in histones.Why does this seem reasonable? If one wanted to produce antibodies to histones,would it be an easy task? Explain your answer.

Chromatin of eukaryotes is organized into repeating interactions with protein octomers called nucleosomes.Nucleosomes are composed of which class of molecules?

List the components of a nucleosome.

In addition to highly repetitive and unique DNA sequences,a third category of DNA sequences exists.What is it called,and which types of elements are involved in it?

Viral genomes are always linear,double-stranded DNA.

Briefly state what is meant by repetitive DNA.

How do VNTRs relate to DNA fingerprinting?

In instances in the eukaryotic genome,DNA sequences represent evolutionary vestiges of duplicated copies of genes.What are such regions called and what are their characteristics?

In E.coli,the genetic material is composed of ________.

What is meant by SINE in terms of chromosome structure? by LINE? Why are they called "repetitive"?

Each human contains an identical set of VNTRs.

In situ hybridization allows one to "visualize" the location of labeled RNA or DNA in a tissue or cell.

Introduction to Genetics

Mitosis and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Modification of Mendelian Ratios

Sex Determination and Sex Chromosomes

Chromosome Mutations: Variation in Number and Arrangement

Linkage and Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

DNA structure and Analysis

DNA Replication and Recombination

The Genetic Code and Transcription

Translation and Proteins

Gene Mutation,DNA Repair,and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression

The Genetics of Cancer

Recombinant DNA Technology

Genomics,Bioinformatics,and Proteomics

Applications and Ethics of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Developmental Genetics

Quantitative Genetics and Multifactorial Traits

Population and Evolutionary Genetics

Conservation Genetics

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