Exam 4: Social Structure and Social Interaction

If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. This classic statement is known as the ________.

How would the division of labor in New York City compare to the division of labor in a primitive tribe of the Amazon River basin?

Which statement regarding status is most accurate?

In studied nonobservance, the individual in a compromised position is able to successfully rationalize the reason for his or her awkward behavior.

Jane is a 49-year-old woman of Irish-German descent. What do these characteristics have in common?

What is the sociological significance of roles?

Facial expressions, posture, and gestures are all examples of ________.

Status inconsistency is always detrimental to society and creates interpersonal conflicts that must be resolved.

The difference between role and status is that we occupy a status and play a role.

Stereotypes deeply influence how we react to one another.

What are background assumptions? Describe what happens when background assumptions are violated. What does the ethnomethodological study of background assumptions tell us about the nature of social life?

When we communicate information about ourselves, we use the social setting, our appearance, and our manners to make impressions on others. Erving Goffman referred to these methods as ________.

Anthony, a retired Army officer, is a professor of sociology at a small state university. During the Vietnam War, he was awarded the Medal of Honor and he usually wears a small ribbon on the lapel of his suit coat denoting this. He also wears his West Point ring from the class of 1965. Using the terminology of dramaturgy, the lapel pin and class ring would be classified as ________.

Based on dramaturgy, what is the definition of social setting?

According to Durkheim, when a society increases in size, its division of labor becomes more specialized. People begin to depend upon one another and become interdependent. This form of social cohesion was a concept that he termed ________.

Because of their close-knit structure and separation from modernization, the Old Order Amish have been able to resist all change that has challenged the core values of their community.

In Amsterdam, a 21-year-old prostitute is scantily clothed, exhibiting her attributes in a storefront, smiling at potential patrons as they walk by. Based on this mental image, which statement best describes what is in progress?

Explain what W. I. and Dorothy S. Thomas meant when they said, "If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences." What is this quote called?

List the ten major social institutions and briefly explain the assumptions that functionalist and conflict theorists have about social institutions. Pick three social institutions and explain the basic needs that each fulfills in society.

The presentation of self in everyday life, also called dramaturgy, was developed by ________.