Exam 20: Population and Urbanization

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In the Least Industrialized Nations, the more children a woman bears, the more she is thought to have achieved the purpose for which she was born.

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Using the basic demographic equation, analyze each factor to explain why Europe is experiencing population shrinkage and Africa is experiencing a population explosion.

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The basic demographic equation is Growth Rate = births - deaths + net migration.
Europe has a low birth rate. In many countries the birth rate is less than 2.1, which will result in population shrinkage. Although the immigration rate is not as high as it was in the early 20th century, more people leave most European countries than emigrate into them. As a result, there are a greater number of deaths than births and a negative net migration which results in a loss of population.
Africa has a high birth rate and lower death rate than in previous generations causing a massive population increase. Sub-Saharan African is the most rapidly growing region in the world. There is a limited amount of migration from African nations. The end result is population growth.

Based on the conflict perspective, how have the Most Industrialized Nations responded to increased birth rates in the Least Industrialized Nations?

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Through the United Nations, the Most Industrialized Nations have launched a campaign of promoting worldwide birth control through the distribution of condoms, IUDs, and other birth control devices. At the same time, the Most Industrialized Nations sell weapons to the ruling elite governments of these countries so they can maintain political stability in case of protests, riots, or other threats caused by the instability of rising birth rates and declining standards of living.

The process of one group of people displacing a group whose racial, ethnic, or social class characteristics differ from their own is called ________.

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Which of the following is not a "pull" of urban life?

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What are the three reasons that support why bearing many children plays a central role in the lives of women from the Least Industrialized Nations?

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A megalopolis is a large clustering of service facilities and residential areas near highway intersections that provide a sense of place to people who live, shop, and work there.

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Discuss how suburbanization contributed to the decline of U.S. cities.

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In the demographic transition theory, a "population explosion" traditionally occurs in the ________ stage.

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What is the formula for the basic demographic equation?

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Based on Gans' typologies of city dwellers, what classification do the elderly, mentally ill, and drug addicts fall into?

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The United States has a greater number of pull factors than it has push factors, which is why it is the nation with the highest immigration rate.

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More people live in cities in the Least Industrialized Nations than in the Most Industrialized Nations.

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When a Least Industrialized Nation experiences political instability that threatens an entire region's balance of power, what action is the United Nations most likely to take?

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A situation where there are more bystanders, but a tendency for fewer bystanders to help in an emergency situation, is referred to as ________.

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What is a megacity and what were the first megacities in the world?

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To determine a country's growth rate, what three variables would a demographer use?

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List and define the three demographic variables that are used to project the future of populations.

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What are the "pulls" of urban life?

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Who was the English economist who saw the surging growth of the world population as a sign of global doom?

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