Exam 20: Population and Urbanization

With Western nations producing enough food to feed the world's population, why are people starving?

The nation believed to employ the practice of female infanticide most often is ________.

Mexico's age structure gives it a population momentum over other nations with a similar population because of its increased number of people in the childbearing age category.

What are the four stages of the demographic transition theory?

With a population of over 37 million, the largest city in the world today is ________.

What term do demographers use to refer to the number of children an average woman bears?

Approximately how long did it take the world population to reach 1 billion, then each successive billion after that to reach the 6 billion mark?

What is human ecology and why is it a special concern for sociologists?

Match the term with the definition. 1) demographic transition 2) population pyramid 3) fertility rate 4) fecundity 5) net migration rate 6) basic demographic equation 7) city 8) micropolis 9) human ecology 10) concentric zone model 11) sector model 12) norm of noninvolvement 13) diffusion of responsibility 14) redlining 15) enterprise zone -A) a six zone model of urban growth developed by Ernest Burgess B) growth rate equals births minus deaths plus net migration C) Robert Park's term for the relationship between people and their environment D) a three-stage historical process of population growth based on birth rates and death rates E) the use of economic incentives in a designated area to encourage investment F) the number of children the average woman bears G) the number of children women are capable of bearing H) a place in which a large number of people are permanently based and do not produce their own food I) a model of urban growth developed by Homer Hoyt that resembles wedge-shaped sections and partial circles J) a graphic representation of a population divided into age and sex K) a condition where people ignore their obligation to contribute to the community or group as populations or group size increase L) the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants per 1,000 population M) the act of officers of a financial institution deciding not to make loans for business relocation or housing purchases in a particular area N) a city of 10,000 to 50,000 that is not a suburb and is located "next to nowhere" O) an avoidance of strangers common to residents in cities

Although some experts claim immigrants drain the U.S. economy more than they contribute to it, others take the reverse view, concluding that immigrants produce more in labor and taxes than they cost.

What is demography?

What geographic similarities are there among the fastest growing cities in the United States?

The norm of noninvolvement is more likely to apply to rural and suburban dwellers than city dwellers.

What is the most logical conclusion that can be reached regarding the debate about projected population trends in the future between the New Malthusians and the Anti-Malthusians?

What is a pattern of growth in which numbers double during approximately equal intervals, resulting in an acceleration of growth during the final stages?

What are the six districts or zones in the concentric zone model?

In countries that practice infanticide, why are politicians becoming concerned about a prime sociological implication associated with it?

A form of the enterprise zone that combines tax breaks and low interest loans in redeveloping areas is called ________.

Identify the models of urban growth and explain how they differ. Include in your answer why these models tell only a partial story of how cities are constructed.

According to sociologist Herbert Gans, people experience the city differently. How did Gans suggest some people find a sense of community in the city?