Question 1

The ability to make judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons rather than emotion or anecdote is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  applied psychology. 
B)  critical thinking. 
C)  functionalism. 
D)  introspection. 
A)  applied psychology. 
B)  critical thinking. 
C)  functionalism. 
D)  introspection.

Question 2

Which of the following is one of the critical-thinking guidelines described in the textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  Don't overthink; go with your gut reaction. 
B)  Define your terms. 
C)  Accept all opinions as equally valid. 
D)  Simplify as much as possible. 
A)  Don't overthink; go with your gut reaction. 
B)  Define your terms. 
C)  Accept all opinions as equally valid. 
D)  Simplify as much as possible.

Question 3

_______________ is revered by psychologists because he was the first person to announce that he intended to make psychology a science.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wilhelm Wundt 
B)  William James 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Joseph Gall 
A)  Wilhelm Wundt 
B)  William James 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Joseph Gall

Question 4

The _______________ is a psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological perspective 
B)  learning perspective 
C)  cognitive perspective 
D)  sociocultural perspective 
A)  biological perspective 
B)  learning perspective 
C)  cognitive perspective 
D)  sociocultural perspective

Question 5

Dr. Mannisto is a behaviourist who is studying the causes of excessive violence among some hockey players. She is likely to consider whether:

Accepted Answer

A)  the more aggressive players have experienced brain injuries. 
B)  players who engage in excessive violence are rewarded in some way. 
C)  the more aggressive players experienced emotional abuse in childhood. 
D)  cultural change has shaped hockey players to become more violent than in the past. 
A)  the more aggressive players have experienced brain injuries. 
B)  players who engage in excessive violence are rewarded in some way. 
C)  the more aggressive players experienced emotional abuse in childhood. 
D)  cultural change has shaped hockey players to become more violent than in the past.

Question 6

In recent decades, the public's appetite for pseudoscience has grown. Describe two examples of this "pop psychology" and then analyze the differences between psychology and pseudoscience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In recent decades, the public's appetite for...

Question 7

Critical thinking requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  creativity for creating alternative explanations. 
B)  treating all theories as equally valid. 
C)  low tolerance for uncertainty. 
D)  emotional reasoning. 
A)  creativity for creating alternative explanations. 
B)  treating all theories as equally valid. 
C)  low tolerance for uncertainty. 
D)  emotional reasoning.

Question 8

The professional activities of psychologists fall into three broad categories. Describe and give examples of each of these three types of professional activities.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 9

The _______________ was the forerunner of modern cognitive therapies and made efforts to correct the false ideas that were said to make people anxious, depressed, and unhappy.

Accepted Answer

A)  learning revolution 
B)  sociocultural revolution 
C)  Mind Cure movement 
D)  functional movement 
A)  learning revolution 
B)  sociocultural revolution 
C)  Mind Cure movement 
D)  functional movement

Question 10

A difference between the great thinkers of history and today's psychologists is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  modern psychologists want to describe, predict, understand, and modify behaviour. 
B)  modern psychologists rely heavily on empirical evidence. 
C)  modern psychologists wonder whether emotion controls us or is something we can control. 
D)  modern psychologists want to know how people take in information through their senses and use that information to solve problems. 
A)  modern psychologists want to describe, predict, understand, and modify behaviour. 
B)  modern psychologists rely heavily on empirical evidence. 
C)  modern psychologists wonder whether emotion controls us or is something we can control. 
D)  modern psychologists want to know how people take in information through their senses and use that information to solve problems.

Question 11

The structuralists had an intensive program of research in Germany and the United States. What became of this school of psychology? What challenges did the structuralists encounter?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 12

"I may never know for sure whether some of my childhood memories are real or accurate." Which of the following critical thinking guidelines does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoid emotional reasoning. 
B)  Don't oversimplify. 
C)  Tolerate uncertainty. 
D)  Ask questions and be willing to wonder. 
A)  Avoid emotional reasoning. 
B)  Don't oversimplify. 
C)  Tolerate uncertainty. 
D)  Ask questions and be willing to wonder.

Question 13

A manuscript on human nature is discovered and scientists confirm that it is the work of an ancient scholar. In this manuscript, human nature is most likely explored through:

Accepted Answer

A)  empirical evidence. 
B)  experimentation. 
C)  trained introspection. 
D)  insights inferred from anecdotes. 
A)  empirical evidence. 
B)  experimentation. 
C)  trained introspection. 
D)  insights inferred from anecdotes.

Question 14

A _______________ might study what goes on in the mind of an infant or study different types of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural psychologist 
B)  learning theorist 
C)  cognitive researcher 
D)  biological psychologist 
A)  cultural psychologist 
B)  learning theorist 
C)  cognitive researcher 
D)  biological psychologist

Question 15

Dr. Mahdi is a cognitive psychologist who studies test taking. Dr. Mahdi has just completed an experiment confirming findings reported in your text indicating that one approach to learning text material is superior to just reading. What approach is Dr. Mahdi researching?

Accepted Answer

A)  Read, Recite, Review 
B)  Read, Read, Re-Read 
C)  Read, Reach, Reply 
D)  Remove, Reveal, Redo 
A)  Read, Recite, Review 
B)  Read, Read, Re-Read 
C)  Read, Reach, Reply 
D)  Remove, Reveal, Redo

Question 16

A major point of difference between basic research and applied research is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  basic research involves experimentation and applied research involves psychiatry. 
B)  basic research studies physical processes and applied research studies mental processes. 
C)  basic research studies only humans, whereas applied research studies both animals and human beings. 
D)  basic research is done to acquire knowledge and applied research is done to solve practical problems. 
A)  basic research involves experimentation and applied research involves psychiatry. 
B)  basic research studies physical processes and applied research studies mental processes. 
C)  basic research studies only humans, whereas applied research studies both animals and human beings. 
D)  basic research is done to acquire knowledge and applied research is done to solve practical problems.

The ability to make judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons rather than emotion or anecdote is called:

Which of the following is one of the critical-thinking guidelines described in the textbook?

_______________ is revered by psychologists because he was the first person to announce that he intended to make psychology a science.

The _______________ is a psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behaviour.

Dr. Mannisto is a behaviourist who is studying the causes of excessive violence among some hockey players. She is likely to consider whether:

In recent decades, the public's appetite for pseudoscience has grown. Describe two examples of this "pop psychology" and then analyze the differences between psychology and pseudoscience.

Critical thinking requires:

The professional activities of psychologists fall into three broad categories. Describe and give examples of each of these three types of professional activities.

The _______________ was the forerunner of modern cognitive therapies and made efforts to correct the false ideas that were said to make people anxious, depressed, and unhappy.

A difference between the great thinkers of history and today's psychologists is that:

The structuralists had an intensive program of research in Germany and the United States. What became of this school of psychology? What challenges did the structuralists encounter?

"I may never know for sure whether some of my childhood memories are real or accurate." Which of the following critical thinking guidelines does this example illustrate?

A manuscript on human nature is discovered and scientists confirm that it is the work of an ancient scholar. In this manuscript, human nature is most likely explored through:

A _______________ might study what goes on in the mind of an infant or study different types of intelligence.

Dr. Mahdi is a cognitive psychologist who studies test taking. Dr. Mahdi has just completed an experiment confirming findings reported in your text indicating that one approach to learning text material is superior to just reading. What approach is Dr. Mahdi researching?

A major point of difference between basic research and applied research is that:

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 1: What Is Psychology

The ability to make judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons rather than emotion or anecdote is called:

Which of the following is one of the critical-thinking guidelines described in the textbook?

_______________ is revered by psychologists because he was the first person to announce that he intended to make psychology a science.

The _______________ is a psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behaviour.

Dr. Mannisto is a behaviourist who is studying the causes of excessive violence among some hockey players. She is likely to consider whether:

In recent decades, the public's appetite for pseudoscience has grown. Describe two examples of this "pop psychology" and then analyze the differences between psychology and pseudoscience.

Critical thinking requires:

The professional activities of psychologists fall into three broad categories. Describe and give examples of each of these three types of professional activities.

The _______________ was the forerunner of modern cognitive therapies and made efforts to correct the false ideas that were said to make people anxious, depressed, and unhappy.

A difference between the great thinkers of history and today's psychologists is that:

The structuralists had an intensive program of research in Germany and the United States. What became of this school of psychology? What challenges did the structuralists encounter?

"I may never know for sure whether some of my childhood memories are real or accurate." Which of the following critical thinking guidelines does this example illustrate?

A manuscript on human nature is discovered and scientists confirm that it is the work of an ancient scholar. In this manuscript, human nature is most likely explored through:

A _______________ might study what goes on in the mind of an infant or study different types of intelligence.

Dr. Mahdi is a cognitive psychologist who studies test taking. Dr. Mahdi has just completed an experiment confirming findings reported in your text indicating that one approach to learning text material is superior to just reading. What approach is Dr. Mahdi researching?

A major point of difference between basic research and applied research is that:

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters