Question 1

According to research discussed in your textbook, prejudice is reduced when:

Accepted Answer

A)  groups are asked to pretend that they like each other. 
B)  an intellectual argument against prejudice is made. 
C)  members of different groups are made to cooperate with one another to achieve a goal. 
D)  a moral argument against prejudice is made. 
A)  groups are asked to pretend that they like each other. 
B)  an intellectual argument against prejudice is made. 
C)  members of different groups are made to cooperate with one another to achieve a goal. 
D)  a moral argument against prejudice is made.

Question 2

Which of the following is a symptom of groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  a feeling of vulnerability 
B)  weak leadership within the group 
C)  self-censorship 
D)  disagreement 
A)  a feeling of vulnerability 
B)  weak leadership within the group 
C)  self-censorship 
D)  disagreement

Question 3

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be unable to distinguish between actual experiences and what they have been told. 
B)  believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. 
C)  feel more positive toward a person, item, product, or other stimulus that they have seen often. 
D)  overestimate their abilities to have predicted an event once the outcome is known. 
A)  be unable to distinguish between actual experiences and what they have been told. 
B)  believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. 
C)  feel more positive toward a person, item, product, or other stimulus that they have seen often. 
D)  overestimate their abilities to have predicted an event once the outcome is known.

Question 4

______________ refers to the tendency to overestimate dispositional influences (and underestimate situational influences) when explaining another person's behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive dissonance 
B)  The fundamental attribution error 
C)  Diffusion of responsibility 
D)  Deindividuation 
A)  Cognitive dissonance 
B)  The fundamental attribution error 
C)  Diffusion of responsibility 
D)  Deindividuation

Question 5

________ generally have the greatest conversational distance compared to other cultures; that is, they stand further apart when they converse.

Accepted Answer

A)  Southern Europeans 
B)  Arabs 
C)  The English and Swedes 
D)  Latin Americans 
A)  Southern Europeans 
B)  Arabs 
C)  The English and Swedes 
D)  Latin Americans

Question 6

The Stanford prison study demonstrates how a person's ________ affect(s) behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)  beliefs 
B)  values 
C)  role 
D)  past experience 
A)  beliefs 
B)  values 
C)  role 
D)  past experience

Question 7

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  acculturation. 
B)  the self-serving bias. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  entrapment. 
A)  acculturation. 
B)  the self-serving bias. 
C)  ethnocentrism. 
D)  entrapment.

Question 8

Juan believes that all "Anglos" are uptight and cold, and he won't listen to any evidence that contradicts his belief. This example illustrates a case of:

Accepted Answer

A)  prejudice. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  stereotyping. 
D)  the self-serving bias. 
A)  prejudice. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  stereotyping. 
D)  the self-serving bias.

Question 9

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be unable to distinguish between actual experiences and what they have been told. 
B)  believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. 
C)  feel more positive toward a person, item, product, or other stimulus that they have seen often. 
D)  overestimate their abilities to have predicted an event once the outcome is known. 
A)  be unable to distinguish between actual experiences and what they have been told. 
B)  believe that a statement is true simply because it has been repeated a number of times. 
C)  feel more positive toward a person, item, product, or other stimulus that they have seen often. 
D)  overestimate their abilities to have predicted an event once the outcome is known.

Question 10

Tahir, an Arab, and Jan, a Swede, meet at a dinner for international students. Because the cultures of the two men differ with regard to ________, both may feel uncomfortable during their conversation.

Accepted Answer

A)  knowledge of a common eating etiquette 
B)  attitudes toward higher education 
C)  explicit laws 
D)  conversational distance 
A)  knowledge of a common eating etiquette 
B)  attitudes toward higher education 
C)  explicit laws 
D)  conversational distance

Question 11

______ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal space 
B)  Social distance 
C)  Cultural space 
D)  Discrimination distance 
A)  Personal space 
B)  Social distance 
C)  Cultural space 
D)  Discrimination distance

Question 12

Discuss why it is difficult to measure prejudice today by directly asking individuals if they are prejudiced, and distinguish between explicit and implicit prejudice. Then, discuss five clever ways psychologists have for measuring implicit forms of prejudice.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 13

The members of Ike's fraternity think spending the entire activity fund for the cultural fest is reasonable. Ike does not think this is a good idea but he decides to keep quiet rather than offend his fraternity brothers and risk being ridiculed. This scenario illustrates a symptom of:

Accepted Answer

A)  groupthink. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  the diffusion of responsibility. 
D)  the self-serving bias. 
A)  groupthink. 
B)  deindividuation. 
C)  the diffusion of responsibility. 
D)  the self-serving bias.

Question 14

Explain the term "deindividuation" and how it affects people. Is the effect on behaviour always the same, or can it vary?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 15

The Robbers Cave experiment showed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  playing athletic games, such as football and baseball, reduces us-them hostility. 
B)  watching movies together, and similar quiet interactions, reduces us-them hostility. 
C)  engaging in mutually exciting activities, such as tug or war, reduces us-them hostility. 
D)  interdependence in reaching mutual goals reduces us-them hostility. 
A)  playing athletic games, such as football and baseball, reduces us-them hostility. 
B)  watching movies together, and similar quiet interactions, reduces us-them hostility. 
C)  engaging in mutually exciting activities, such as tug or war, reduces us-them hostility. 
D)  interdependence in reaching mutual goals reduces us-them hostility.

Question 16

A cultural cause of prejudice is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  helps people bond to their own ethnic group. 
B)  encourages acculturation. 
C)  increases disobedience. 
D)  replaces official forms of discrimination. 
A)  helps people bond to their own ethnic group. 
B)  encourages acculturation. 
C)  increases disobedience. 
D)  replaces official forms of discrimination.

Question 17

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  the fundamental attribution error. 
C)  the validity effect. 
D)  deindividuation. 
A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  the fundamental attribution error. 
C)  the validity effect. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 18

Angie and Mila are concerned that their brother Ramone has joined a cult. Which of the following would confirm their fear?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ramone's new group gives a complex explanation for how the world works. 
B)  Ramone is encouraged to keep his job but make weekly donations to the group. 
C)  Ramone lives at home but is encouraged to participate in many weekend events with the group. 
D)  Ramone has been given a new name by the group leader and told that all of his problems are a part of his past. 
A)  Ramone's new group gives a complex explanation for how the world works. 
B)  Ramone is encouraged to keep his job but make weekly donations to the group. 
C)  Ramone lives at home but is encouraged to participate in many weekend events with the group. 
D)  Ramone has been given a new name by the group leader and told that all of his problems are a part of his past.

Question 19

Terry and Paulette are driving through downtown Toronto. Terry gestures to a homeless person and says "If he wasn't so lazy he wouldn't be homeless!" What is Terry doing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Terry is making a dispositional attribution. 
B)  Terry is making a situational attribution. 
C)  Terry is showing the self-serving bias. 
D)  Terry is showing cognitive dissonance. 
A)  Terry is making a dispositional attribution. 
B)  Terry is making a situational attribution. 
C)  Terry is showing the self-serving bias. 
D)  Terry is showing cognitive dissonance.

Question 20

Groupthink can be counteracted by creating conditions that:

Accepted Answer

A)  foster strong, directive leadership. 
B)  punish disloyalty. 
C)  explicitly encourage doubt and dissent. 
D)  help members focus on being team players. 
A)  foster strong, directive leadership. 
B)  punish disloyalty. 
C)  explicitly encourage doubt and dissent. 
D)  help members focus on being team players.

According to research discussed in your textbook, prejudice is reduced when:

Which of the following is a symptom of groupthink?

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

______________ refers to the tendency to overestimate dispositional influences (and underestimate situational influences) when explaining another person's behaviour.

________ generally have the greatest conversational distance compared to other cultures; that is, they stand further apart when they converse.

The Stanford prison study demonstrates how a person's ________ affect(s) behaviour.

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called:

Juan believes that all "Anglos" are uptight and cold, and he won't listen to any evidence that contradicts his belief. This example illustrates a case of:

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

Tahir, an Arab, and Jan, a Swede, meet at a dinner for international students. Because the cultures of the two men differ with regard to ________, both may feel uncomfortable during their conversation.

______ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Discuss why it is difficult to measure prejudice today by directly asking individuals if they are prejudiced, and distinguish between explicit and implicit prejudice. Then, discuss five clever ways psychologists have for measuring implicit forms of prejudice.

The members of Ike's fraternity think spending the entire activity fund for the cultural fest is reasonable. Ike does not think this is a good idea but he decides to keep quiet rather than offend his fraternity brothers and risk being ridiculed. This scenario illustrates a symptom of:

Explain the term "deindividuation" and how it affects people. Is the effect on behaviour always the same, or can it vary?

The Robbers Cave experiment showed that:

A cultural cause of prejudice is that it:

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is called:

Angie and Mila are concerned that their brother Ramone has joined a cult. Which of the following would confirm their fear?

Terry and Paulette are driving through downtown Toronto. Terry gestures to a homeless person and says "If he wasn't so lazy he wouldn't be homeless!" What is Terry doing?

Groupthink can be counteracted by creating conditions that:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 8: Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

According to research discussed in your textbook, prejudice is reduced when:

Which of the following is a symptom of groupthink?

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

______________ refers to the tendency to overestimate dispositional influences (and underestimate situational influences) when explaining another person's behaviour.

________ generally have the greatest conversational distance compared to other cultures; that is, they stand further apart when they converse.

The Stanford prison study demonstrates how a person's ________ affect(s) behaviour.

The belief that one's own ethnic group, nation, or religion is superior to all others is called:

Juan believes that all "Anglos" are uptight and cold, and he won't listen to any evidence that contradicts his belief. This example illustrates a case of:

The familiarity effect is the tendency of people to:

Tahir, an Arab, and Jan, a Swede, meet at a dinner for international students. Because the cultures of the two men differ with regard to ________, both may feel uncomfortable during their conversation.

______ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Discuss why it is difficult to measure prejudice today by directly asking individuals if they are prejudiced, and distinguish between explicit and implicit prejudice. Then, discuss five clever ways psychologists have for measuring implicit forms of prejudice.

The members of Ike's fraternity think spending the entire activity fund for the cultural fest is reasonable. Ike does not think this is a good idea but he decides to keep quiet rather than offend his fraternity brothers and risk being ridiculed. This scenario illustrates a symptom of:

Explain the term "deindividuation" and how it affects people. Is the effect on behaviour always the same, or can it vary?

The Robbers Cave experiment showed that:

A cultural cause of prejudice is that it:

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is called:

Angie and Mila are concerned that their brother Ramone has joined a cult. Which of the following would confirm their fear?

Terry and Paulette are driving through downtown Toronto. Terry gestures to a homeless person and says "If he wasn't so lazy he wouldn't be homeless!" What is Terry doing?

Groupthink can be counteracted by creating conditions that:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters