Question 1

________ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

Accepted Answer

A)  Personal space 
B)  Social distance 
C)  Cultural space 
D)  Discrimination distance 
A)  Personal space 
B)  Social distance 
C)  Cultural space 
D)  Discrimination distance

Question 2

According to the textbook, the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba was a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a weak leader. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  group polarization. 
A)  a weak leader. 
B)  groupthink. 
C)  the self-serving bias. 
D)  group polarization.

Question 3

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

Accepted Answer

A)  the religious beliefs of the participant. 
B)  the personality of the participant. 
C)  the responses made by the learner. 
D)  the situation of the experiment. 
A)  the religious beliefs of the participant. 
B)  the personality of the participant. 
C)  the responses made by the learner. 
D)  the situation of the experiment.

Question 4

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  be creative 
B)  belong 
C)  participate 
D)  achieve 
A)  be creative 
B)  belong 
C)  participate 
D)  achieve

Question 5

Discuss the following causes or origins of prejudice and provide examples to illustrate your points: psychological, social, cultural, and economic.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 6

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Accepted Answer

A)  its lack of random assignment. 
B)  the inability of any of its findings to be replicated. 
C)  the physical pain learners experienced from the electric shock. 
D)  the emotional distress and deception experienced by participants. 
A)  its lack of random assignment. 
B)  the inability of any of its findings to be replicated. 
C)  the physical pain learners experienced from the electric shock. 
D)  the emotional distress and deception experienced by participants.

Question 7

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)  an ominous-looking shock machine, which had voltage markings from zero to 450 volts 
B)  participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners 
C)  participants were electrically shocked when they made errors in reciting word pairs 
D)  a learner and the teacher always sat side by side across from the shock machine 
A)  an ominous-looking shock machine, which had voltage markings from zero to 450 volts 
B)  participants in the study were randomly assigned to be teachers or learners 
C)  participants were electrically shocked when they made errors in reciting word pairs 
D)  a learner and the teacher always sat side by side across from the shock machine

Question 8

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

Accepted Answer

A)  Groupthink 
B)  Diffusion of responsibility 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Deindividuation 
A)  Groupthink 
B)  Diffusion of responsibility 
C)  Cognitive dissonance 
D)  Deindividuation

Question 9

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

Accepted Answer

A)  the fundamental attribution error. 
B)  generational identity. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  the self-serving bias. 
A)  the fundamental attribution error. 
B)  generational identity. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  the self-serving bias.

Question 10

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif 
A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif

Question 11

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif 
A)  Solomon Asch 
B)  Stanley Milgram 
C)  Philip Zimbardo 
D)  Muzafer Sherif

Question 12

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same. 
A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same.

Question 13

Explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions are both examples of:

Accepted Answer

A)  norms. 
B)  roles. 
C)  routines. 
D)  stereotypes. 
A)  norms. 
B)  roles. 
C)  routines. 
D)  stereotypes.

Question 14

Dissent and altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but situational factors are involved also. Analyze four situational factors that are involved when a person decides to "rock the boat" and choose conscience over conformity.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 15

The "banality of evil" means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all people possess inner aggressive drives to commit evil crimes. 
B)  weak governments become stronger by emphasizing the evilness of other nations. 
C)  evil is commonplace and occurs in most societies and nations. 
D)  evil acts are committed by evil people and good people are noble souls. 
A)  all people possess inner aggressive drives to commit evil crimes. 
B)  weak governments become stronger by emphasizing the evilness of other nations. 
C)  evil is commonplace and occurs in most societies and nations. 
D)  evil acts are committed by evil people and good people are noble souls.

Question 16

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behaviour and the behaviour of others generally fall into two categories:

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional and situational. 
B)  environmental and situational. 
C)  mental and physical 
D)  implicit and explicit. 
A)  dispositional and situational. 
B)  environmental and situational. 
C)  mental and physical 
D)  implicit and explicit.

Question 17

________ are the rules that regulate social life within a culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  Norms 
B)  Roles 
C)  Routines 
D)  Stereotypes 
A)  Norms 
B)  Roles 
C)  Routines 
D)  Stereotypes

Question 18

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  sociobiology 
C)  social cognition 
D)  experimental psychology 
A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  sociobiology 
C)  social cognition 
D)  experimental psychology

Question 19

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  the fundamental attribution error. 
C)  the validity effect. 
D)  deindividuation. 
A)  cognitive dissonance. 
B)  the fundamental attribution error. 
C)  the validity effect. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 20

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same. 
A)  they exaggerate differences between groups. 
B)  they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. 
C)  they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. 
D)  they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same.

________ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

According to the textbook, the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba was a result of:

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

Discuss the following causes or origins of prejudice and provide examples to illustrate your points: psychological, social, cultural, and economic.

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions are both examples of:

Dissent and altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but situational factors are involved also. Analyze four situational factors that are involved when a person decides to "rock the boat" and choose conscience over conformity.

The "banality of evil" means that:

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behaviour and the behaviour of others generally fall into two categories:

________ are the rules that regulate social life within a culture.

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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Exam 8: Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

________ reflects a behavioural expression of prejudice: a reluctance to get too close to another group.

According to the textbook, the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba was a result of:

Milgram concluded that obedience in his study was a function of:

According to your textbook, the need to ________ may be the most powerful human motivation.

Discuss the following causes or origins of prejudice and provide examples to illustrate your points: psychological, social, cultural, and economic.

Milgram's study of obedience has been criticized on the basis of:

Which statement best describes an aspect of Stanley Milgram's study of obedience?

________ is a tendency for people on a team or a mission together to agree with each other and suppress dissension among their ranks.

Carlos and his work associates form a close, friendly group, and they usually work well together. However, they may face a problem involving an extreme form of conformity called:

Who conducted an experiment on conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?

Who conducted the "obedience study" in which an authority figure commanded participants to violate their ethical standards?

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

Explicit laws and implicit cultural conventions are both examples of:

Dissent and altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but situational factors are involved also. Analyze four situational factors that are involved when a person decides to "rock the boat" and choose conscience over conformity.

The "banality of evil" means that:

According to attribution theory, the explanations we give for our behaviour and the behaviour of others generally fall into two categories:

________ are the rules that regulate social life within a culture.

Researchers in the area of ________ examine how people's perception of themselves and others affect their relationships.

A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is known as:

One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes, Evolution, and Environment

The Brain and Nervous System

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters