Question 1

The portion of a phospholipid that contains the phosphorous group has one or more electric charges,which make this region of the molecule

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophobic. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  nonpolar. 
D)  unsaturated. 
E)  saturated. 
A)  hydrophobic. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  nonpolar. 
D)  unsaturated. 
E)  saturated.

Question 2

The general chemical formula for carbohydrates includes the atoms

Accepted Answer

A)  C,H,and N. 
B)  C and H. 
C)  C,H,and P. 
D)  C,H,and O. 
E)  C,H,O,and N. 
A)  C,H,and N. 
B)  C and H. 
C)  C,H,and P. 
D)  C,H,and O. 
E)  C,H,O,and N.

Question 3

Which statement about the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to two glucose units is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reaction is energy neutral. 
B)  The potential energy contained within glucose is larger than that of maltose. 
C)  The hydrolysis reaction involves the breaking of a single covalent bond. 
D)  The hydrolysis reaction involves the breaking of two covalent bonds. 
E)  At completion,the concentration of maltose is higher than the concentration of glucose. 
A)  The reaction is energy neutral. 
B)  The potential energy contained within glucose is larger than that of maltose. 
C)  The hydrolysis reaction involves the breaking of a single covalent bond. 
D)  The hydrolysis reaction involves the breaking of two covalent bonds. 
E)  At completion,the concentration of maltose is higher than the concentration of glucose.

Question 4

Sweating is a useful cooling device for humans because water

Accepted Answer

A)  has a high heat of vaporization. 
B)  has little cohesion strength. 
C)  has little hydrogen bonding. 
D)  is an outstanding solvent. 
E)  ionizes readily. 
A)  has a high heat of vaporization. 
B)  has little cohesion strength. 
C)  has little hydrogen bonding. 
D)  is an outstanding solvent. 
E)  ionizes readily.

Question 5

Starch and glycogen are different in that only one of them

Accepted Answer

A)  is a polymer of glucose. 
B)  contains ribose. 
C)  is made in plants. 
D)  is an energy storage molecule. 
E)  can be digested by humans. 
A)  is a polymer of glucose. 
B)  contains ribose. 
C)  is made in plants. 
D)  is an energy storage molecule. 
E)  can be digested by humans.

Question 6

Cholesterol,which is composed primarily of carbon and hydrogen atoms,is therefore

Accepted Answer

A)  insoluble in water. 
B)  a polar molecule. 
C)  a base. 
D)  an acid. 
E)  a buffer. 
A)  insoluble in water. 
B)  a polar molecule. 
C)  a base. 
D)  an acid. 
E)  a buffer.

Question 7

The two atoms in a hydrogen molecule are held together by

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonds. 
B)  ionic attractions. 
C)  van der Waals forces. 
D)  a shared pair of electrons. 
E)  gravity. 
A)  hydrogen bonds. 
B)  ionic attractions. 
C)  van der Waals forces. 
D)  a shared pair of electrons. 
E)  gravity.

Question 8

Which condition or component was not likely to have been present on Earth during the formation of the first biologically relevant molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  High atmospheric oxygen levels 
B)  Rain 
C)  Electrical activity in the atmosphere 
D)  Ammonia gas 
E)  Hydrogen gas 
A)  High atmospheric oxygen levels 
B)  Rain 
C)  Electrical activity in the atmosphere 
D)  Ammonia gas 
E)  Hydrogen gas

Question 9

Aldehydes and ketones are very similar in that they both contain

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus atoms. 
B)  sulfur atoms. 
C)  a C=O group. 
D)  nitrogen atoms. 
E)  two "R" groups. 
A)  phosphorus atoms. 
B)  sulfur atoms. 
C)  a C=O group. 
D)  nitrogen atoms. 
E)  two "R" groups.

Question 10

You are given two fat-like solid substances and upon analysis you determine that Sample A has a higher melting point than sample B.You thus come to the conclusion that sample A

Accepted Answer

A)  has a higher number of carbon-carbon double bonds than sample B. 
B)  has a lower number of carbon-carbon double bonds than sample B. 
C)  is a saturated fat and sample B is an unsaturated fat. 
D)  is an unsaturated fat and sample B is a saturated fat. 
E)  is a triglyceride and sample B is a simple lipid. 
A)  has a higher number of carbon-carbon double bonds than sample B. 
B)  has a lower number of carbon-carbon double bonds than sample B. 
C)  is a saturated fat and sample B is an unsaturated fat. 
D)  is an unsaturated fat and sample B is a saturated fat. 
E)  is a triglyceride and sample B is a simple lipid.

Question 11

An atom with _______ has an atomic mass of 14.

Accepted Answer

A)  14 neutrons 
B)  14 electrons 
C)  7 neutrons and 7 protons 
D)  7 protons and 7 electrons 
E)  6 electrons and 8 neutrons 
A)  14 neutrons 
B)  14 electrons 
C)  7 neutrons and 7 protons 
D)  7 protons and 7 electrons 
E)  6 electrons and 8 neutrons

Question 12

In any system,some of the energy is unusable for work.The unusable energy is a measure of the disorder of the system and is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  free energy. 
B)  entropy. 
C)  enthalpy. 
D)  thermodynamics. 
E)  equilibrium. 
A)  free energy. 
B)  entropy. 
C)  enthalpy. 
D)  thermodynamics. 
E)  equilibrium.

Question 13

The mass number of an atom is the total number of _______ in its nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrons 
B)  protons 
C)  protons and electrons 
D)  protons and neutrons 
E)  charges 
A)  electrons 
B)  protons 
C)  protons and electrons 
D)  protons and neutrons 
E)  charges

Question 14

Which statement about thermodynamics is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Free energy is used up in an exergonic reaction. 
B)  Free energy cannot be used to do work. 
C)  The total amount of energy can change after a chemical transformation. 
D)  Free energy,but not potential energy,can be kinetic. 
E)  Entropy has a tendency to increase. 
A)  Free energy is used up in an exergonic reaction. 
B)  Free energy cannot be used to do work. 
C)  The total amount of energy can change after a chemical transformation. 
D)  Free energy,but not potential energy,can be kinetic. 
E)  Entropy has a tendency to increase.

Question 15

Molecules that are both attracted to water and repel water are called

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophilic. 
B)  hydrophobic. 
C)  amphipathic. 
D)  amphoric. 
E)  glycosidic. 
A)  hydrophilic. 
B)  hydrophobic. 
C)  amphipathic. 
D)  amphoric. 
E)  glycosidic.

Question 16

Which element requires two additional electrons to fill the outermost electron shell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorus 
B)  Carbon 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Oxygen 
E)  Hydrogen 
A)  Phosphorus 
B)  Carbon 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Oxygen 
E)  Hydrogen

Question 17

In a biological membrane,the phospholipids are arranged with the fatty acid chains facing the interior of the membrane.As a result,the interior of the membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophobic. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  charged. 
D)  polar. 
E)  filled with water. 
A)  hydrophobic. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  charged. 
D)  polar. 
E)  filled with water.

Question 18

Water held back by a dam represents what kind of energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydroelectric 
B)  Irrigation 
C)  Potential 
D)  Kinetic 
E)  Metabolic 
A)  Hydroelectric 
B)  Irrigation 
C)  Potential 
D)  Kinetic 
E)  Metabolic

Question 19

In condensation reactions,the atoms that make up a water molecule are derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen. 
B)  only one of the reactants. 
C)  both of the reactants. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  enzymes. 
A)  oxygen. 
B)  only one of the reactants. 
C)  both of the reactants. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  enzymes.

Question 20

If $\Delta$G of a chemical reaction is negative,that reaction will

Accepted Answer

A)  release energy in the process. 
B)  require the input of energy. 
C)  not be spontaneous. 
D)  not proceed. 
E)  decrease the disorder in the system. 
A)  release energy in the process. 
B)  require the input of energy. 
C)  not be spontaneous. 
D)  not proceed. 
E)  decrease the disorder in the system.

Exam 2: The Chemistry and Energy of Life

The portion of a phospholipid that contains the phosphorous group has one or more electric charges,which make this region of the molecule

The general chemical formula for carbohydrates includes the atoms

Which statement about the hydrolysis of the disaccharide maltose to two glucose units is true?

Sweating is a useful cooling device for humans because water

Starch and glycogen are different in that only one of them

Cholesterol,which is composed primarily of carbon and hydrogen atoms,is therefore

The two atoms in a hydrogen molecule are held together by

Which condition or component was not likely to have been present on Earth during the formation of the first biologically relevant molecules?

Aldehydes and ketones are very similar in that they both contain

You are given two fat-like solid substances and upon analysis you determine that Sample A has a higher melting point than sample B.You thus come to the conclusion that sample A

An atom with _______ has an atomic mass of 14.

In any system,some of the energy is unusable for work.The unusable energy is a measure of the disorder of the system and is referred to as

The mass number of an atom is the total number of _______ in its nucleus.

Which statement about thermodynamics is true?

Molecules that are both attracted to water and repel water are called

Which element requires two additional electrons to fill the outermost electron shell?

In a biological membrane,the phospholipids are arranged with the fatty acid chains facing the interior of the membrane.As a result,the interior of the membrane is

Water held back by a dam represents what kind of energy?

In condensation reactions,the atoms that make up a water molecule are derived from

If Δ\DeltaΔ G of a chemical reaction is negative,that reaction will

Introduction

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

If $\Delta$ G of a chemical reaction is negative,that reaction will