Question 1

A plant develops many lateral roots and the main root thickens.This type of growth results from activity in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex. 
B)  endodermis. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  zone of elongation. 
E)  zone of maturation. 
A)  cortex. 
B)  endodermis. 
C)  pericycle. 
D)  zone of elongation. 
E)  zone of maturation.

Question 2

Leaves have evolved primarily to

Accepted Answer

A)  store food. 
B)  radiate heat. 
C)  collect water. 
D)  evaporate water. 
E)  conduct photosynthesis. 
A)  store food. 
B)  radiate heat. 
C)  collect water. 
D)  evaporate water. 
E)  conduct photosynthesis.

Question 3

The vascular system in plants is most analogous to which animal system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Circulatory 
B)  Digestive 
C)  Excretory 
D)  Reproductive 
E)  Respiratory 
A)  Circulatory 
B)  Digestive 
C)  Excretory 
D)  Reproductive 
E)  Respiratory

Question 4

After a tree is cut,an arborist can calculate the tree's age by counting _______ as a separate year.

Accepted Answer

A)  each annual ring 
B)  each cambium layer 
C)  each set of light and dark rings 
D)  each annual ring,plus each layer of cambium and cork 
E)  each set of light and dark rings,plus each layer of cambium and cork 
A)  each annual ring 
B)  each cambium layer 
C)  each set of light and dark rings 
D)  each annual ring,plus each layer of cambium and cork 
E)  each set of light and dark rings,plus each layer of cambium and cork

Question 5

One way that leaves differ from stems and roots is that only leaves

Accepted Answer

A)  can perform photosynthesis. 
B)  consist of a single layer of cells. 
C)  typically show finite growth. 
D)  lack a vascular system. 
E)  are formed from three primary meristems. 
A)  can perform photosynthesis. 
B)  consist of a single layer of cells. 
C)  typically show finite growth. 
D)  lack a vascular system. 
E)  are formed from three primary meristems.

Question 6

In what way does the petiole of a eudicot leaf represent an adaptation of the leaf for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It prevents the leaf from losing water. 
B)  It orients the leaf to receive maximum sunlight. 
C)  It contains the most photosynthetic cells. 
D)  It stores the products of photosynthesis. 
E)  It contains structures for gas exchange. 
A)  It prevents the leaf from losing water. 
B)  It orients the leaf to receive maximum sunlight. 
C)  It contains the most photosynthetic cells. 
D)  It stores the products of photosynthesis. 
E)  It contains structures for gas exchange.

Question 7

The taproot of plants such as carrots is used primarily for storage.This storage occurs in which region of the root?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pith 
B)  Cortex 
C)  Pericycle 
D)  Epidermis 
E)  Endodermis 
A)  Pith 
B)  Cortex 
C)  Pericycle 
D)  Epidermis 
E)  Endodermis

Question 8

A plant is found to have a mutation that prevents proper formation of its dermal tissue system during development.Which plant function will this mutation ultimately affect most strongly?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plant support 
B)  Photosynthesis 
C)  Storage of sugars 
D)  Uptake of water and solutes 
E)  Transport of water and solutes 
A)  Plant support 
B)  Photosynthesis 
C)  Storage of sugars 
D)  Uptake of water and solutes 
E)  Transport of water and solutes

Question 9

The three tissue systems of a vascular plant,which form during embryogenesis and develop into all plant organs and cell types,are the _______ tissue systems.

Accepted Answer

A)  cork,pith,and epidermal 
B)  xylem,phloem,and photosynthetic 
C)  dermal,vascular,and ground 
D)  vessel,tracheid,and fiber 
E)  root,stem,and leaf 
A)  cork,pith,and epidermal 
B)  xylem,phloem,and photosynthetic 
C)  dermal,vascular,and ground 
D)  vessel,tracheid,and fiber 
E)  root,stem,and leaf

Question 10

Even the largest monocots like palm trees cannot approach the size of the largest woody eudicot species because they lack

Accepted Answer

A)  bark. 
B)  xylem. 
C)  phloem. 
D)  primary growth. 
E)  secondary growth. 
A)  bark. 
B)  xylem. 
C)  phloem. 
D)  primary growth. 
E)  secondary growth.

Question 11

As cells divide on the sides of the shoot apical meristem,_______ arise(s)on the side and _______ arise(s)in between,forming new shoots.

Accepted Answer

A)  pith;vascular bundles 
B)  leaf primordia;bud primordia 
C)  bud primordia;leaf primordia 
D)  leaf protoderm;shoot protoderm 
E)  shoot protoderm;leaf protoderm 
A)  pith;vascular bundles 
B)  leaf primordia;bud primordia 
C)  bud primordia;leaf primordia 
D)  leaf protoderm;shoot protoderm 
E)  shoot protoderm;leaf protoderm

Question 12

A plant seed germinates and undergoes a process of change in which it eventually becomes an adult plant.This process shows which characteristic that is shared by both plants and animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Totipotency 
B)  Cell wall formation 
C)  Meristem formation 
D)  Morphogenesis 
E)  Cell plate formation 
A)  Totipotency 
B)  Cell wall formation 
C)  Meristem formation 
D)  Morphogenesis 
E)  Cell plate formation

Question 13

The apical-basal and radial axes of the plant body

Accepted Answer

A)  are established when the seed germinates. 
B)  are established after germination,during growth. 
C)  arise at different stages of embryonic development. 
D)  arise simultaneously during early embryonic development. 
E)  are established when the plant embryo ceases development. 
A)  are established when the seed germinates. 
B)  are established after germination,during growth. 
C)  arise at different stages of embryonic development. 
D)  arise simultaneously during early embryonic development. 
E)  are established when the plant embryo ceases development.

Question 14

When traveling through sieve tube elements,dissolved sugars and other substances move from sources to sinks by traveling

Accepted Answer

A)  vertically,through the open ends of each sieve tube. 
B)  vertically,through sieve plates formed of plasmodesmata. 
C)  horizontally,from phloem cells oriented adjacent to each other. 
D)  horizontally,by combining with xylem so the products move together. 
E)  horizontally,from companion cells on one side to companion cells on the other side. 
A)  vertically,through the open ends of each sieve tube. 
B)  vertically,through sieve plates formed of plasmodesmata. 
C)  horizontally,from phloem cells oriented adjacent to each other. 
D)  horizontally,by combining with xylem so the products move together. 
E)  horizontally,from companion cells on one side to companion cells on the other side.

Question 15

In embryogenesis,the first mitotic division of the zygote forms two daughter cells that

Accepted Answer

A)  are no longer totipotent. 
B)  have equal amounts of cytoplasm. 
C)  both become part of the plant embryo. 
D)  cease communicating with each other. 
E)  follow different developmental paths. 
A)  are no longer totipotent. 
B)  have equal amounts of cytoplasm. 
C)  both become part of the plant embryo. 
D)  cease communicating with each other. 
E)  follow different developmental paths.

Question 16

When the epidermis of a tree trunk flakes off,the single layer immediately underneath that is exposed is the

Accepted Answer

A)  bark. 
B)  cork. 
C)  summer wood. 
D)  cork cambium. 
E)  vascular cambium. 
A)  bark. 
B)  cork. 
C)  summer wood. 
D)  cork cambium. 
E)  vascular cambium.

Question 17

What happens to the growing root when the cells of the root cap are eroded away?

Accepted Answer

A)  The root begins to grow wider rather than lengthening. 
B)  Cells in other parts of the root migrate to form root cap cells. 
C)  The root cap cells are replaced by cell division and the root continues to grow. 
D)  The root keeps growing but it grows laterally instead of pushing downward. 
E)  The root stops growing because the root cap contains the meristem cells. 
A)  The root begins to grow wider rather than lengthening. 
B)  Cells in other parts of the root migrate to form root cap cells. 
C)  The root cap cells are replaced by cell division and the root continues to grow. 
D)  The root keeps growing but it grows laterally instead of pushing downward. 
E)  The root stops growing because the root cap contains the meristem cells.

Question 18

A root or stem increases in diameter through secondary growth,which occurs through

Accepted Answer

A)  division of primary xylem cells. 
B)  division of phloem cells. 
C)  division of vascular cambium cells. 
D)  elongation of phloem cells. 
E)  elongation of primary xylem cells. 
A)  division of primary xylem cells. 
B)  division of phloem cells. 
C)  division of vascular cambium cells. 
D)  elongation of phloem cells. 
E)  elongation of primary xylem cells.

Question 19

An acorn sprouts and a baby oak tree begins to grow.It grows up to form a shoot and branches,and grows down to form branched roots.The best description for this oak tree's current growth is

Accepted Answer

A)  primary growth. 
B)  secondary growth. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  geotropism. 
E)  heliotropism. 
A)  primary growth. 
B)  secondary growth. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  geotropism. 
E)  heliotropism.

Question 20

New plants can be formed from cuttings because nearly all plant cells are

Accepted Answer

A)  totipotent. 
B)  determinate. 
C)  indeterminate. 
D)  differentiated. 
E)  undifferentiated. 
A)  totipotent. 
B)  determinate. 
C)  indeterminate. 
D)  differentiated. 
E)  undifferentiated.

Exam 24: The Plant Body

A plant develops many lateral roots and the main root thickens.This type of growth results from activity in the

Leaves have evolved primarily to

The vascular system in plants is most analogous to which animal system?

After a tree is cut,an arborist can calculate the tree's age by counting _______ as a separate year.

One way that leaves differ from stems and roots is that only leaves

In what way does the petiole of a eudicot leaf represent an adaptation of the leaf for photosynthesis?

The taproot of plants such as carrots is used primarily for storage.This storage occurs in which region of the root?

A plant is found to have a mutation that prevents proper formation of its dermal tissue system during development.Which plant function will this mutation ultimately affect most strongly?

The three tissue systems of a vascular plant,which form during embryogenesis and develop into all plant organs and cell types,are the _______ tissue systems.

Even the largest monocots like palm trees cannot approach the size of the largest woody eudicot species because they lack

As cells divide on the sides of the shoot apical meristem,_______ arise(s)on the side and _______ arise(s)in between,forming new shoots.

A plant seed germinates and undergoes a process of change in which it eventually becomes an adult plant.This process shows which characteristic that is shared by both plants and animals?

The apical-basal and radial axes of the plant body

When traveling through sieve tube elements,dissolved sugars and other substances move from sources to sinks by traveling

In embryogenesis,the first mitotic division of the zygote forms two daughter cells that

When the epidermis of a tree trunk flakes off,the single layer immediately underneath that is exposed is the

What happens to the growing root when the cells of the root cap are eroded away?

A root or stem increases in diameter through secondary growth,which occurs through

An acorn sprouts and a baby oak tree begins to grow.It grows up to form a shoot and branches,and grows down to form branched roots.The best description for this oak tree's current growth is

New plants can be formed from cuttings because nearly all plant cells are

Introduction

The Chemistry and Energy of Life

Nucleic Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Pathways That Harvest and Store Chemical Energy

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

DNA and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Biotechnology

Genes, Development, and Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and Diversity

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Growth and Development

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plants in the Environment

Fundamentals of Animal Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Breathing

Circulation

Muscle and Movement

Neurons, Sense Organs, and Nervous Systems

Nervous and Endocrine Control

Water and Salts: Excretion

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Behavior

The Distribution of Earths Ecological Systems

Populations

Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Interactions Within and Among Species

Ecological Communities

The Global Ecosystem

Filters

As cells divide on the sides of the shoot apical meristem,_ arise(s)on the side and _ arise(s)in between,forming new shoots.