Question 1

Various albedo values.

Which of the following has the highest albedo?

Accepted Answer

A) forests 
B) asphalt 
C) dry,light sandy soils 
D) fresh snow 
E) the Moon 
A) forests 
B) asphalt 
C) dry,light sandy soils 
D) fresh snow 
E) the Moon

Question 2

Typical urban heat island profile

Following the urban heat island profile from rural areas to a typical downtown urban area,which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Commercial and urban residential areas have the highest late afternoon temperatures. 
B) Large urban parks do not mitigate against the urban heat island. 
C) On average,urban areas are 1 to 3°C higher than nearby rural areas. 
D) The temperature variations between urban and rural environments are negligible. 
E) Highest late afternoon temperatures occur in suburban residential areas. 
A) Commercial and urban residential areas have the highest late afternoon temperatures. 
B) Large urban parks do not mitigate against the urban heat island. 
C) On average,urban areas are 1 to 3°C higher than nearby rural areas. 
D) The temperature variations between urban and rural environments are negligible. 
E) Highest late afternoon temperatures occur in suburban residential areas.

Question 3

Describe the components of net radiation (NET R).

Accepted Answer

NET R is the sum of all radiation gains

Question 4

Lines on a temperature map connecting points of equal temperature is called an

Accepted Answer

A) isobar. 
B) isohyet. 
C) isotherm. 
D) isobaths. 
E) isohaline. 
A) isobar. 
B) isohyet. 
C) isotherm. 
D) isobaths. 
E) isohaline.

Question 5

Temperature is

Accepted Answer

A) a form of energy. 
B) heat,as perceived by humans and other living things. 
C) a function of insolation and wind speed. 
D) measure of the average kinetic energy of individual molecules in matter. 
E) a measure of the amount of heat in a substance. 
A) a form of energy. 
B) heat,as perceived by humans and other living things. 
C) a function of insolation and wind speed. 
D) measure of the average kinetic energy of individual molecules in matter. 
E) a measure of the amount of heat in a substance.

Question 6

Differential transmissivity of shortwave insolation and longwave terrestrial radiation by various atmospheric gases is better known as

Accepted Answer

A) global dimming. 
B) the greenhouse effect. 
C) cloud-albedo forcing. 
D) global warming. 
E) latent heat transfer. 
A) global dimming. 
B) the greenhouse effect. 
C) cloud-albedo forcing. 
D) global warming. 
E) latent heat transfer.

Question 7

Imagine two hypothetical cities,both located at 12° N latitude.However,one is located near sea level,while the other at an elevation of 4,000 m (13,123 ft)above sea level.Which of the following is likely true?

Accepted Answer

A) The climates of the two cities are quite similar. 
B) Annual temperatures for the city at the lower elevation are lower than those at the city at the higher elevation. 
C) The city at the higher elevation has extremely cold winters (similar to those at high latitudes). 
D) The city at the higher elevation has average monthly and yearly temperatures lower than the city near sea level. 
E) The average annual temperatures for the city at the higher elevation are higher than the city at sea level. 
A) The climates of the two cities are quite similar. 
B) Annual temperatures for the city at the lower elevation are lower than those at the city at the higher elevation. 
C) The city at the higher elevation has extremely cold winters (similar to those at high latitudes). 
D) The city at the higher elevation has average monthly and yearly temperatures lower than the city near sea level. 
E) The average annual temperatures for the city at the higher elevation are higher than the city at sea level.

Question 8

Longwave radiation absorbed by certain atmospheric constituents and re-radiated back to Earth's surface is known as

Accepted Answer

A) conduction. 
B) advection. 
C) latent heat. 
D) greenhouse heat. 
E) counterradiation. 
A) conduction. 
B) advection. 
C) latent heat. 
D) greenhouse heat. 
E) counterradiation.

Question 9

Compare and contrast the wind-chill factor and the heat index.

Accepted Answer

The wind chill factor quantifies the enh

Question 10

The principal controls and influences of temperature patterns include

Accepted Answer

A) Earth's tilt,rotation,revolution,and sphericity. 
B) latitude,altitude,land-water heating differences,cloud cover,and ocean currents. 
C) the distance of the Earth from the sun and sunspot activity. 
D) the seasons and human activity. 
E) latitude and elevation,only. 
A) Earth's tilt,rotation,revolution,and sphericity. 
B) latitude,altitude,land-water heating differences,cloud cover,and ocean currents. 
C) the distance of the Earth from the sun and sunspot activity. 
D) the seasons and human activity. 
E) latitude and elevation,only.

Question 11

Discuss how latitude,altitude/elevation,cloud cover,and land-water heating differences can influence global temperature patterns.

Accepted Answer

The principle controls of temperature in

Question 12

______is the general term for the outdoor temperature as it is perceived by humans.

Accepted Answer

A) Wind chill 
B) Latent heat 
C) Apparent temperature 
D) Sensible heat 
E) Perceptive heat 
A) Wind chill 
B) Latent heat 
C) Apparent temperature 
D) Sensible heat 
E) Perceptive heat

Question 13

During the day,clouds______ insolation,lowering daily maximum temperatures;at night,clouds _____longwave energy,thereby raising minimum nighttime temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A) absorb;reflect 
B) scatter;refract 
C) reflect;absorb and counterradiate 
D) reflect;scatter 
E) scatter;absorb and counterradiate 
A) absorb;reflect 
B) scatter;refract 
C) reflect;absorb and counterradiate 
D) reflect;scatter 
E) scatter;absorb and counterradiate

Question 14

Describe different ways in which anthropogenic activity can affect the energy balance.

Accepted Answer

Examples include burning of fo

Question 15

Surface-temperature anomalies from 1950 to 2014,compared to 1951-1980 baseline.Oranges indicate positive anomalies (warmer temperatures);purples indicate negative anomalies (cooler temperatures).[GISS/NASA.]

The overall trend to warming temperatures

Accepted Answer

A) is only occurring in the Northern Hemisphere. 
B) indicates all areas are warming uniformly. 
C) shows lower latitudes warming at faster and more pronounced rates than the Arctic. 
D) demonstrates that much of the hype about global climate changes is hyperbolic. 
E) indicates the Arctic has experienced larger temperature increases than lower latitudes. 
A) is only occurring in the Northern Hemisphere. 
B) indicates all areas are warming uniformly. 
C) shows lower latitudes warming at faster and more pronounced rates than the Arctic. 
D) demonstrates that much of the hype about global climate changes is hyperbolic. 
E) indicates the Arctic has experienced larger temperature increases than lower latitudes.

Question 16

A horizontal air current that is generated by temperature-induced density differences is an example of heat transfer by

Accepted Answer

A) advection. 
B) convection. 
C) conduction. 
D) transmission. 
E) diffusion. 
A) advection. 
B) convection. 
C) conduction. 
D) transmission. 
E) diffusion.

Question 17

The temperature control that includes the heat capacity of a substance is

Accepted Answer

A) movement. 
B) evaporation. 
C) cloud cover. 
D) specific heat. 
E) latitude. 
A) movement. 
B) evaporation. 
C) cloud cover. 
D) specific heat. 
E) latitude.

Question 18

The quantifying of the enhanced rate at which body heat is lost to air is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) heat index. 
B) sensible heat measurement. 
C) wind chill factor. 
D) apparent temperature index. 
E) heat loss indices. 
A) heat index. 
B) sensible heat measurement. 
C) wind chill factor. 
D) apparent temperature index. 
E) heat loss indices.

Question 19

Conduction refers to

Accepted Answer

A) strong vertical movement of air in the atmosphere. 
B) strong horizontal movement of air in the atmosphere. 
C) the molecule-to-molecule transfer of heat energy. 
D) the behavior of something. 
E) heat that can be sensed by humans as temperature. 
A) strong vertical movement of air in the atmosphere. 
B) strong horizontal movement of air in the atmosphere. 
C) the molecule-to-molecule transfer of heat energy. 
D) the behavior of something. 
E) heat that can be sensed by humans as temperature.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding clouds?

Accepted Answer

A) They increase temperature minimums and temperature maximums. 
B) They cover about 15 percent of Earth's surface at any one time. 
C) They have a moderating influence on temperatures. 
D) They decrease nighttime temperatures and increase daytime temperatures. 
E) They have only a negligible effect on temperature and climate. 
A) They increase temperature minimums and temperature maximums. 
B) They cover about 15 percent of Earth's surface at any one time. 
C) They have a moderating influence on temperatures. 
D) They decrease nighttime temperatures and increase daytime temperatures. 
E) They have only a negligible effect on temperature and climate.

Various albedo values. Which of the following has the highest albedo?

Typical urban heat island profile Following the urban heat island profile from rural areas to a typical downtown urban area,which of the following is true?

Describe the components of net radiation (NET R).

Lines on a temperature map connecting points of equal temperature is called an

Temperature is

Differential transmissivity of shortwave insolation and longwave terrestrial radiation by various atmospheric gases is better known as

Imagine two hypothetical cities,both located at 12° N latitude.However,one is located near sea level,while the other at an elevation of 4,000 m (13,123 ft)above sea level.Which of the following is likely true?

Longwave radiation absorbed by certain atmospheric constituents and re-radiated back to Earth's surface is known as

Compare and contrast the wind-chill factor and the heat index.

The principal controls and influences of temperature patterns include

Discuss how latitude,altitude/elevation,cloud cover,and land-water heating differences can influence global temperature patterns.

______is the general term for the outdoor temperature as it is perceived by humans.

During the day,clouds__ insolation,lowering daily maximum temperatures;at night,clouds _longwave energy,thereby raising minimum nighttime temperatures.

Describe different ways in which anthropogenic activity can affect the energy balance.

Surface-temperature anomalies from 1950 to 2014,compared to 1951-1980 baseline.Oranges indicate positive anomalies (warmer temperatures);purples indicate negative anomalies (cooler temperatures).[GISS/NASA.] The overall trend to warming temperatures

A horizontal air current that is generated by temperature-induced density differences is an example of heat transfer by

The temperature control that includes the heat capacity of a substance is

The quantifying of the enhanced rate at which body heat is lost to air is known as the

Conduction refers to

Which of the following is true regarding clouds?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth’s Atmosphere

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 4: Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Various albedo values. Which of the following has the highest albedo?

Typical urban heat island profile Following the urban heat island profile from rural areas to a typical downtown urban area,which of the following is true?

Describe the components of net radiation (NET R).

Lines on a temperature map connecting points of equal temperature is called an

Temperature is

Differential transmissivity of shortwave insolation and longwave terrestrial radiation by various atmospheric gases is better known as

Imagine two hypothetical cities,both located at 12° N latitude.However,one is located near sea level,while the other at an elevation of 4,000 m (13,123 ft)above sea level.Which of the following is likely true?

Longwave radiation absorbed by certain atmospheric constituents and re-radiated back to Earth's surface is known as

Compare and contrast the wind-chill factor and the heat index.

The principal controls and influences of temperature patterns include

Discuss how latitude,altitude/elevation,cloud cover,and land-water heating differences can influence global temperature patterns.

______is the general term for the outdoor temperature as it is perceived by humans.

During the day,clouds______ insolation,lowering daily maximum temperatures;at night,clouds _____longwave energy,thereby raising minimum nighttime temperatures.

Describe different ways in which anthropogenic activity can affect the energy balance.

Surface-temperature anomalies from 1950 to 2014,compared to 1951-1980 baseline.Oranges indicate positive anomalies (warmer temperatures);purples indicate negative anomalies (cooler temperatures).[GISS/NASA.] The overall trend to warming temperatures

A horizontal air current that is generated by temperature-induced density differences is an example of heat transfer by

The temperature control that includes the heat capacity of a substance is

The quantifying of the enhanced rate at which body heat is lost to air is known as the

Conduction refers to

Which of the following is true regarding clouds?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth’s Atmosphere

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

During the day,clouds__ insolation,lowering daily maximum temperatures;at night,clouds _longwave energy,thereby raising minimum nighttime temperatures.