Question 1

The specific heat of land is_____ than water and,therefore,land heats more _____than water.

Accepted Answer

A) higher;slowly 
B) higher;quickly 
C) lower;slowly 
D) lower;quickly 
E) equal;evenly 
A) higher;slowly 
B) higher;quickly 
C) lower;slowly 
D) lower;quickly 
E) equal;evenly

Question 2

Which of the following is not true about heat stress?

Accepted Answer

A) Heat stress poses little threat to human health. 
B) Heat stress can lead to potentially life-threatening conditions. 
C) Heat stress can results in cramps,exhaustion,and even heat stroke. 
D) The National Weather Service reports a heat index to gauge the human body's probable reaction to the combined effects of temperature and relative humidity. 
E) Extreme overheating can reach a point where the body is unable to cool itself. 
A) Heat stress poses little threat to human health. 
B) Heat stress can lead to potentially life-threatening conditions. 
C) Heat stress can results in cramps,exhaustion,and even heat stroke. 
D) The National Weather Service reports a heat index to gauge the human body's probable reaction to the combined effects of temperature and relative humidity. 
E) Extreme overheating can reach a point where the body is unable to cool itself.

Question 3

The analogy of a greenhouse

Accepted Answer

A) is completely unrelated to our Earth-atmosphere system,and should never have been used to describe global warming. 
B) describes exactly how the Earth-atmosphere system operates. 
C) is a useful,but inaccurate model since atmospheric gases do not trap,but absorb heat. 
D) incorrectly describes shortwave energy transmission but perfectly encapsulates how longwave terrestrial radiation is trapped. 
E) is antiquated and rarely used anymore to describe our Earth-atmosphere system. 
A) is completely unrelated to our Earth-atmosphere system,and should never have been used to describe global warming. 
B) describes exactly how the Earth-atmosphere system operates. 
C) is a useful,but inaccurate model since atmospheric gases do not trap,but absorb heat. 
D) incorrectly describes shortwave energy transmission but perfectly encapsulates how longwave terrestrial radiation is trapped. 
E) is antiquated and rarely used anymore to describe our Earth-atmosphere system.

Question 4

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Northern Hemisphere temperatures are more strongly dominated by continentality than are Southern Hemisphere temperatures. 
B) Southern Hemisphere temperatures are more strongly dominated by continentality than are Northern Hemisphere temperatures. 
C) The Northern and Southern hemispheres are dominated equally by maritime influences. 
D) The Northern and Southern hemispheres are dominated equally by continentality. 
E) Continentality does not follow any hemispheric patterns. 
A) Northern Hemisphere temperatures are more strongly dominated by continentality than are Southern Hemisphere temperatures. 
B) Southern Hemisphere temperatures are more strongly dominated by continentality than are Northern Hemisphere temperatures. 
C) The Northern and Southern hemispheres are dominated equally by maritime influences. 
D) The Northern and Southern hemispheres are dominated equally by continentality. 
E) Continentality does not follow any hemispheric patterns.

Question 5

Earth's main energy outputs are

Accepted Answer

A) gamma rays,X-rays,and ultraviolet radiation. 
B) ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation. 
C) visible and infrared radiation. 
D) thermal infrared radiation. 
E) microwaves and radio waves. 
A) gamma rays,X-rays,and ultraviolet radiation. 
B) ultraviolet radiation and visible radiation. 
C) visible and infrared radiation. 
D) thermal infrared radiation. 
E) microwaves and radio waves.

Question 6

Which of the following is a nonradiative transfer of longwave radiation to the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) the greenhouse effect 
B) latent heat transfer 
C) stratospheric ozone radiation 
D) conduction from the surface 
E) longwave radiation from Earth's surface 
A) the greenhouse effect 
B) latent heat transfer 
C) stratospheric ozone radiation 
D) conduction from the surface 
E) longwave radiation from Earth's surface

Question 7

Energy gained or lost when a substance changes from one state to another is

Accepted Answer

A) sensible heat. 
B) latent heat. 
C) radiation. 
D) conduction. 
E) convection. 
A) sensible heat. 
B) latent heat. 
C) radiation. 
D) conduction. 
E) convection.

Question 8

Distinguish between temperature and heat.Then describe the important characteristics of the three main temperature scales.

Accepted Answer

Temperature is a measurement of the aver

Question 9

The Celsius scale

Accepted Answer

A) is used exclusively in the United States. 
B) places melting point of ice at 0° and was formerly called centigrade. 
C) was developed by the British physicist Lord Kelvin. 
D) was developed by Fahrenheit,who also developed the alcohol and mercury thermometers. 
E) places melting point of ice at 32° and boiling at 212°. 
A) is used exclusively in the United States. 
B) places melting point of ice at 0° and was formerly called centigrade. 
C) was developed by the British physicist Lord Kelvin. 
D) was developed by Fahrenheit,who also developed the alcohol and mercury thermometers. 
E) places melting point of ice at 32° and boiling at 212°.

Question 10

Global latent heat of evaporation.Annual energy dissipated as the latent heat of evaporation (LE)at the surface.Note the highest values over areas with high sea-surface temperatures associated with warm ocean currents-the Gulf Stream off the east coast of North America and the Kuroshio off the east coast of Japan.[Adapted from M.I.Budyko,The Earth's Climate,Past and Future, 1982 Academic Press.]

On land,the highest annual values for latent heat of evaporation (LE)occur

Accepted Answer

A) near the poles. 
B) over the subtropics. 
C) in the tropics. 
D) in the midlatitudes. 
E) in continental interiors. 
A) near the poles. 
B) over the subtropics. 
C) in the tropics. 
D) in the midlatitudes. 
E) in continental interiors.

Question 11

A stove that circulates heated air to uniformly cook food is an example of heat transfer.

Accepted Answer

A) conduction 
B) convection 
C) kinetic 
D) latent 
E) sensible 
A) conduction 
B) convection 
C) kinetic 
D) latent 
E) sensible

Question 12

Follow the flow of energy from the Sun,into Earth's atmosphere and to the surface,and back out into space.

Accepted Answer

Incoming solar radiation (insolation)can

Question 13

When water evaporates from a surface,which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) Energy is stored within the water. 
B) Energy is released to the surface. 
C) The surface is warmed. 
D) Heat is transferred back and forth between the air and surface. 
E) Energy flows into the ground by conduction. 
A) Energy is stored within the water. 
B) Energy is released to the surface. 
C) The surface is warmed. 
D) Heat is transferred back and forth between the air and surface. 
E) Energy flows into the ground by conduction.

Question 14

Sensible heat transfer (H)refers to energy transfer between the air and the surface by

Accepted Answer

A) convection and conduction. 
B) evaporation of water. 
C) reflection of insolation. 
D) ground heating. 
E) latent heat of evaporation. 
A) convection and conduction. 
B) evaporation of water. 
C) reflection of insolation. 
D) ground heating. 
E) latent heat of evaporation.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of the albedo of water?

Accepted Answer

A) It changes,depending upon the Sun angle. 
B) It is greatest when the Sun is low in the sky. 
C) It never changes-albedos are constant values. 
D) It is less for frozen water than for liquid water. 
E) It is greatest for rough waters. 
A) It changes,depending upon the Sun angle. 
B) It is greatest when the Sun is low in the sky. 
C) It never changes-albedos are constant values. 
D) It is less for frozen water than for liquid water. 
E) It is greatest for rough waters.

Question 16

Discuss the similarities and differences of cloud-albedo forcing and cloud-greenhouse forcing.

Accepted Answer

Cloud-albedo forcing refers to an increa

Question 17

When light passes from one medium to another,resulting in a change in speed and direction of insolation,

Accepted Answer

A) transmission happens. 
B) Rayleigh scattering is the predominant effect. 
C) refraction occurs. 
D) it is usually not affected physically. 
E) albedo increases. 
A) transmission happens. 
B) Rayleigh scattering is the predominant effect. 
C) refraction occurs. 
D) it is usually not affected physically. 
E) albedo increases.

Question 18

The best thermometer to use where temperatures drop below -39°C (-38.2°F)is

Accepted Answer

A) a barometric thermometer. 
B) a mercury thermometer. 
C) a bulb mounted in direct sunshine. 
D) an alcohol thermometer. 
E) Aneroid thermometer. 
A) a barometric thermometer. 
B) a mercury thermometer. 
C) a bulb mounted in direct sunshine. 
D) an alcohol thermometer. 
E) Aneroid thermometer.

Question 19

Which of the following is not true of solar energy?

Accepted Answer

A) In the U.S. ,the solar energy arriving every 35 minutes is equivalent to the energy produced by fossil fuels in a year. 
B) It can provide both heat and electricity. 
C) Photovoltaic capacity has not increased in recent years. 
D) New solar cell technology makes them suitable for rooftop tiles or shingles. 
E) Growth of solar energy in the U.S.has lagged behind that of Europe. 
A) In the U.S. ,the solar energy arriving every 35 minutes is equivalent to the energy produced by fossil fuels in a year. 
B) It can provide both heat and electricity. 
C) Photovoltaic capacity has not increased in recent years. 
D) New solar cell technology makes them suitable for rooftop tiles or shingles. 
E) Growth of solar energy in the U.S.has lagged behind that of Europe.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a predicted outcome for each Celsius degree increase in global temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 to 15% increase in crop yields (as currently grown) 
B) 3 to 10% increase in rainfall during heaviest precipitation events 
C) 25% decrease in Arctic summer sea ice extent 
D) 200 to 400% increase in area burned by wildfire 
E) 5 to 10% change in flow of streams and rivers 
A) 5 to 15% increase in crop yields (as currently grown) 
B) 3 to 10% increase in rainfall during heaviest precipitation events 
C) 25% decrease in Arctic summer sea ice extent 
D) 200 to 400% increase in area burned by wildfire 
E) 5 to 10% change in flow of streams and rivers

The specific heat of land is_ than water and,therefore,land heats more _than water.

Which of the following is not true about heat stress?

The analogy of a greenhouse

Which of the following is true?

Earth's main energy outputs are

Which of the following is a nonradiative transfer of longwave radiation to the atmosphere?

Energy gained or lost when a substance changes from one state to another is

Distinguish between temperature and heat.Then describe the important characteristics of the three main temperature scales.

The Celsius scale

A stove that circulates heated air to uniformly cook food is an example of heat transfer.

Follow the flow of energy from the Sun,into Earth's atmosphere and to the surface,and back out into space.

When water evaporates from a surface,which of the following occurs?

Sensible heat transfer (H)refers to energy transfer between the air and the surface by

Which of the following is true of the albedo of water?

Discuss the similarities and differences of cloud-albedo forcing and cloud-greenhouse forcing.

When light passes from one medium to another,resulting in a change in speed and direction of insolation,

The best thermometer to use where temperatures drop below -39°C (-38.2°F)is

Which of the following is not true of solar energy?

Which of the following is not a predicted outcome for each Celsius degree increase in global temperature?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth’s Atmosphere

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 4: Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

The specific heat of land is_____ than water and,therefore,land heats more _____than water.

Which of the following is not true about heat stress?

The analogy of a greenhouse

Which of the following is true?

Earth's main energy outputs are

Which of the following is a nonradiative transfer of longwave radiation to the atmosphere?

Energy gained or lost when a substance changes from one state to another is

Distinguish between temperature and heat.Then describe the important characteristics of the three main temperature scales.

The Celsius scale

A stove that circulates heated air to uniformly cook food is an example of heat transfer.

Follow the flow of energy from the Sun,into Earth's atmosphere and to the surface,and back out into space.

When water evaporates from a surface,which of the following occurs?

Sensible heat transfer (H)refers to energy transfer between the air and the surface by

Which of the following is true of the albedo of water?

Discuss the similarities and differences of cloud-albedo forcing and cloud-greenhouse forcing.

When light passes from one medium to another,resulting in a change in speed and direction of insolation,

The best thermometer to use where temperatures drop below -39°C (-38.2°F)is

Which of the following is not true of solar energy?

Which of the following is not a predicted outcome for each Celsius degree increase in global temperature?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth’s Atmosphere

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

The specific heat of land is_ than water and,therefore,land heats more _than water.