Question 1

____is the term for the evolution of a new species.

Accepted Answer

A) Speciation 
B) Vicariance 
C) Symbiosis 
D) Extinction 
E) Adaptation 
A) Speciation 
B) Vicariance 
C) Symbiosis 
D) Extinction 
E) Adaptation A

Question 2

Which of the following is/are the largest carbon sink?

Accepted Answer

A) the atmosphere 
B) fossil fuels and oil shales 
C) dead organic matter 
D) the oceans 
E) the lithosphere 
A) the atmosphere 
B) fossil fuels and oil shales 
C) dead organic matter 
D) the oceans 
E) the lithosphere D

Question 3

Provide a hypothetical or a historical example of both primary and secondary succession.

Accepted Answer

Primary succession occurs on an area of bare rock or otherwise disturbed site where no vestiges of the former community exist.An example of primary succession may be the eruption of Mt.Krakatoa eruption in 1883,which completely cleared the area to the bedrock.Secondary succession occurs when some aspect of the previously functioning community is still present after a disturbance.An example of secondary succession can be any disturbance,such as a forest or grassland fire,a wind storm,etc.that leaves aspects of the former community behind.

Question 4

In which of the following terrestrial ecosystems would one tend to find the highest net primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

A) temperate grassland 
B) boreal forest 
C) tropical seasonal forest 
D) tundra and alpine region 
E) midlatitude deciduous forest 
A) temperate grassland 
B) boreal forest 
C) tropical seasonal forest 
D) tundra and alpine region 
E) midlatitude deciduous forest

Question 5

The carbon and oxygen cycles

Which of the following is not a source of release of CO2 to the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) plant and animal respiration 
B) burning of grasslands and forests 
C) fossil fuel combustion 
D) photosynthesis 
E) volcanic activity 
A) plant and animal respiration 
B) burning of grasslands and forests 
C) fossil fuel combustion 
D) photosynthesis 
E) volcanic activity

Question 6

An organism capable of synthesizing its own food and inorganic substances using sunlight or chemical energy is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) heterotroph. 
B) producers. 
C) primary consumer. 
D) secondary consumer. 
E) tertiary consumer. 
A) heterotroph. 
B) producers. 
C) primary consumer. 
D) secondary consumer. 
E) tertiary consumer.

Question 7

Today,there are over 270,000 plant species with conductive tissues and material flow systems.These are collectively known as

Accepted Answer

A) blue-green algae. 
B) cyanobacteria. 
C) xeriphytes. 
D) vascular plants. 
E) bryophytes. 
A) blue-green algae. 
B) cyanobacteria. 
C) xeriphytes. 
D) vascular plants. 
E) bryophytes.

Question 8

What is an ecosystem? What is the spatial scale of an ecosystem? Provide some examples of an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

An ecosystem is a self-sustaining associ

Question 9

A black walnut (Juglans nigra)emits a chemical that may kill or inhibit the growth of other nearby shrubs or trees.However,the black walnut is unaffected by this interaction.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) amensalism 
E) synnecrosis 
A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) amensalism 
E) synnecrosis

Question 10

Food resources as a limiting factor for species distribution

The snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis)is a specialist that feeds on only one specific type of snail.By comparison,the Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)is a generalist that feeds on diverse food sources.Whereas the snail kite has a very limited range,the Mallard Duck has a very broad range.The snail kite's diet is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) limiting factor. 
B) range of tolerance. 
C) ecological niche. 
D) habitat. 
E) symbiotic relationship. 
A) limiting factor. 
B) range of tolerance. 
C) ecological niche. 
D) habitat. 
E) symbiotic relationship.

Question 11

From the perspective of energy,which of the following is the most efficient trophic level?

Accepted Answer

A) primary producer 
B) primary consumer 
C) secondary consumer 
D) tertiary consumer 
E) decomposer 
A) primary producer 
B) primary consumer 
C) secondary consumer 
D) tertiary consumer 
E) decomposer

Question 12

A____ is a complex network of interconnected food chains with multidirectional branches.

Accepted Answer

A) food web 
B) niche order 
C) trophic level 
D) food pyramid 
E) trophic cascade 
A) food web 
B) niche order 
C) trophic level 
D) food pyramid 
E) trophic cascade

Question 13

Mistletoe (Phoradendron)infests many taxa of plants,often causing the branches of the host species to become swollen and distorted and making the trees more susceptible to insect infestations.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) amensalism 
E) synnecrosis 
A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) amensalism 
E) synnecrosis

Question 14

The proposition that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) symbiosis. 
B) competitive exclusion principle. 
C) trophic pyramid theory. 
D) ecological niche concept. 
E) limiting factor. 
A) symbiosis. 
B) competitive exclusion principle. 
C) trophic pyramid theory. 
D) ecological niche concept. 
E) limiting factor.

Question 15

The net photosynthesis for an entire ecosystem is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) net primary productivity. 
B) compensation point. 
C) net photosynthesis. 
D) free air CO2 enrichment. 
E) net radiation. 
A) net primary productivity. 
B) compensation point. 
C) net photosynthesis. 
D) free air CO2 enrichment. 
E) net radiation.

Question 16

Epiphytic plants,such as various species of orchids (Orchidaceae),grow upon another plant,using the plants for physical support,but bringing no harm to the host plant.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) amensalism 
E) synnecrosis 
A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) amensalism 
E) synnecrosis

Question 17

The openings on the surfaces of plant leaves through which gases move into and out of are known as

Accepted Answer

A) chlorophyll. 
B) stomata. 
C) guard cells. 
D) chloroplasts. 
E) vacuole 
A) chlorophyll. 
B) stomata. 
C) guard cells. 
D) chloroplasts. 
E) vacuole

Question 18

The origin of the Earth's biological diversity is embodied in the

Accepted Answer

A) life zone concept. 
B) theory of evolution. 
C) ecological succession principle. 
D) competitive exclusion principle. 
E) limiting factor. 
A) life zone concept. 
B) theory of evolution. 
C) ecological succession principle. 
D) competitive exclusion principle. 
E) limiting factor.

Question 19

Worldwide Coastal Dead Zones

In which of the following areas does one find the highest concentrations of coastal deadzones?

Accepted Answer

A) west coast of South America along Chilean coast 
B) the Hudson Bay area of Canada 
C) northern and eastern Australia 
D) along the horn of Africa 
E) the North Sea area of western Europe 
A) west coast of South America along Chilean coast 
B) the Hudson Bay area of Canada 
C) northern and eastern Australia 
D) along the horn of Africa 
E) the North Sea area of western Europe

Question 20

The interacting populations of living plants and animals in a particular location are described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) metapopulation. 
B) ecosystem. 
C) community. 
D) niche. 
E) trophic level. 
A) metapopulation. 
B) ecosystem. 
C) community. 
D) niche. 
E) trophic level.

____is the term for the evolution of a new species.

Which of the following is/are the largest carbon sink?

Provide a hypothetical or a historical example of both primary and secondary succession.

In which of the following terrestrial ecosystems would one tend to find the highest net primary productivity?

The carbon and oxygen cycles Which of the following is not a source of release of CO₂to the atmosphere?

An organism capable of synthesizing its own food and inorganic substances using sunlight or chemical energy is known as a(n)

Today,there are over 270,000 plant species with conductive tissues and material flow systems.These are collectively known as

What is an ecosystem? What is the spatial scale of an ecosystem? Provide some examples of an ecosystem.

A black walnut (Juglans nigra)emits a chemical that may kill or inhibit the growth of other nearby shrubs or trees.However,the black walnut is unaffected by this interaction.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

From the perspective of energy,which of the following is the most efficient trophic level?

A____ is a complex network of interconnected food chains with multidirectional branches.

Mistletoe (Phoradendron)infests many taxa of plants,often causing the branches of the host species to become swollen and distorted and making the trees more susceptible to insect infestations.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

The proposition that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche is known as the

The net photosynthesis for an entire ecosystem is known as the

Epiphytic plants,such as various species of orchids (Orchidaceae),grow upon another plant,using the plants for physical support,but bringing no harm to the host plant.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

The openings on the surfaces of plant leaves through which gases move into and out of are known as

The origin of the Earth's biological diversity is embodied in the

Worldwide Coastal Dead Zones In which of the following areas does one find the highest concentrations of coastal deadzones?

The interacting populations of living plants and animals in a particular location are described as a(n)

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth’s Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

Exam 19: Ecosystem Essentials

____is the term for the evolution of a new species.

Which of the following is/are the largest carbon sink?

Provide a hypothetical or a historical example of both primary and secondary succession.

In which of the following terrestrial ecosystems would one tend to find the highest net primary productivity?

The carbon and oxygen cycles Which of the following is not a source of release of CO2 to the atmosphere?

An organism capable of synthesizing its own food and inorganic substances using sunlight or chemical energy is known as a(n)

Today,there are over 270,000 plant species with conductive tissues and material flow systems.These are collectively known as

What is an ecosystem? What is the spatial scale of an ecosystem? Provide some examples of an ecosystem.

A black walnut (Juglans nigra)emits a chemical that may kill or inhibit the growth of other nearby shrubs or trees.However,the black walnut is unaffected by this interaction.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

From the perspective of energy,which of the following is the most efficient trophic level?

A____ is a complex network of interconnected food chains with multidirectional branches.

Mistletoe (Phoradendron)infests many taxa of plants,often causing the branches of the host species to become swollen and distorted and making the trees more susceptible to insect infestations.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

The proposition that no two species can occupy the same ecological niche is known as the

The net photosynthesis for an entire ecosystem is known as the

Epiphytic plants,such as various species of orchids (Orchidaceae),grow upon another plant,using the plants for physical support,but bringing no harm to the host plant.This is an example of which symbiotic relationship?

The openings on the surfaces of plant leaves through which gases move into and out of are known as

The origin of the Earth's biological diversity is embodied in the

Worldwide Coastal Dead Zones In which of the following areas does one find the highest concentrations of coastal deadzones?

The interacting populations of living plants and animals in a particular location are described as a(n)

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth’s Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Earth’s Climatic Regions

Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems

Aeolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

Oceans and Coastal Systems

Glacial Landscapes and the Cryosphere

The Geography of Soils

Terrestrial Biomes

Filters

The carbon and oxygen cycles Which of the following is not a source of release of CO₂to the atmosphere?