Question 1

The nurse explains that the initial stage of an HIV infection usually lasts from:

Accepted Answer

A)   2 to 4 weeks
B)   4 to 8 weeks
C)   8 to 12 weeks
D)   12 to 16 weeks B

Question 2

When the patient with HIV is diagnosed with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML),the nurse encourages the patient to:

Accepted Answer

A)   Take daily exercise for 30 minutes.
B)   Avoid excessive fats in the diet.
C)   Remove all potted plants from inside the home.
D)   Prepare advanced directives. D

Question 3

In assessing a patient with AIDS for risk factors,the nurse recognizes the most risky behavior that the patient reported as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Oral sex without contact with glans penis
B)   Oral sex with a condom
C)   Use of sex toys
D)   Anal sex with condom D

Question 4

The nurse would suspect an infection by CMV when the patient with AIDS says:

Accepted Answer

A)   "I need to get glasses, I can't see as well as I did a few months ago."
B)   "I need to drink more water. This diarrhea has really dehydrated me."
C)   "I need to get smaller clothes. I have lost 10 pounds in the last 6 weeks."
D)   "I need to take some pep pills. I don't have any energy."

Question 5

The nurse cautions a patient with HIV infection who has been prescribed highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)that inconsistent administration of the drug can result in the:

Accepted Answer

A)   HIV strain becoming resistant to the drug
B)   Decrease in antibodies in the circulating volume
C)   Addition of another antiretroviral agent to the protocol
D)   Rapid increase in the symptoms of AIDS

Question 6

In designing a teaching plan for a patient with AIDS,relative to food preparation precautions,the nurse would include the need to: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Check expiration dates on frozen foods.
B)   Leave produce unwashed to preserve protective spray.
C)   Drink a small glass of red wine before each meal to stimulate the appetite.
D)   Eat three large, well-balanced meals daily.
E)   Avoid leftovers.

Question 7

The nurse clarifies that a patient with HIV does not necessarily have AIDS until:

Accepted Answer

A)   Two or more opportunistic infections are diagnosed.
B)   Kaposi sarcoma appears.
C)   CD4 cell level drops to 200.
D)   Tested positive for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIS
A)  .

Question 8

The nurse lists the opportunistic fungal disease that threatens patients with HIV,which include: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Aspergillosis
B)   Pneumocystis jiroveci
C)   Herpes simplex
D)   Oral hairy leukoplakia
E)   Tuberculosis

Question 9

If the first ELISA is positive,then:

Accepted Answer

A)   The diagnosis of AIDS is confirmed.
B)   The test is repeated in 6 to 8 months.
C)   Another blood sample must be obtained for testing.
D)   A Western blot test is performed on the same sample.

Question 10

Before the initiation of any anti-HIV drug protocol,the patient is assessed for the willingness to:

Accepted Answer

A)   Give up sexual activity for several months.
B)   Follow the strict dietary guidelines.
C)   Comply with drug protocol.
D)   Involve the partner in a support program.

Question 11

The patient with HIV complains to the home health nurse that he has been having watery diarrhea for the last 10 days.Because the nurse suspects toxoplasmosis,a significant question for the nurse to ask would be:

Accepted Answer

A)   "Have you stopped taking your antiviral medication?"
B)   "Have you been drinking alcohol?"
C)   "Have you been eating aged cheese or organ meats?"
D)   "Do you have a cat?"

Question 12

One of the implementations that the nurse could use to increase the comfort of a patient with oral hair leukoplakia is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   Allow aspirin to melt in the mouth and then wash out with warm water.
B)   Encourage mouth rinses with warm salt water several times a day.
C)   Limit intake of ice cream and other cold foods.
D)   Offer fluids through a straw.

Question 13

The nurse evaluates that teaching,relative to the progression of HIV infections,has been effective when the patient with HIV in the latent stage says:

Accepted Answer

A)   "I had better get my affairs in order. I don't have a lot of time left."
B)   "Whew! I thought when I got AIDS that I was a 'goner.'"
C)   "Now I won't have to take all those expensive drugs that I have been using."
D)   "I can still enjoy life and live pretty much as I want for the next several years."

Question 14

To avoid the exposure to bacillary angiomatosis (BA),the nurse advises the patient with HIV to avoid:

Accepted Answer

A)   Cats
B)   Large crowds of people
C)   Consuming unwashed fruits
D)   Exposure to mosquito bites

Question 15

The young man at the HIV clinic tells the nurse how relieved he is that he does not have HIV,because he now has no symptoms at all when just a few weeks ago he felt awful.The nurse's most helpful response would be:

Accepted Answer

A)   "Flulike symptoms frequently are misdiagnosed as HIV."
B)   "In the latent stage the physical symptoms are reduced, but the HIV is still present in the lymph nodes."
C)   "A high antibody count can overwhelm HIV infection in the early stage."
D)   "Antiretroviral drugs are very effective in the first stage in reducing symptoms."

Question 16

The nurse reminds a group of high school students that although homosexual men are stereotyped as victims of HIV,the disease is also observed in: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Health care workers who mishandle infected sharps
B)   Breast-fed infants of HIV-infected mothers
C)   Persons sharing living quarters with an HIV-infected person
D)   Heterosexual partners of an HIV-infected person
E)   Newborns of an HIV-infected mother

Question 17

The nurse caring for a patient with HIV infection who is taking Retrovir,a nucleoside antiviral that is a reverse transcriptase inhibitor,should be especially observant for symptoms of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased urine output
B)   Hypertensive episodes
C)   Jaundice
D)   Edema of the face

Question 18

The very anxious young man comes to the clinic believing that he may have HIV infection because of his persistent influenza-like symptoms and his risky sexual behavior.The nurse anticipates that a positive blood analysis would show:

Accepted Answer

A)   Low levels of CD8 cells
B)   High levels of HIV-infected cells
C)   Low levels of T cells
D)   Low levels of antibodies

Question 19

The nurse explains that HIV is introduced to the systemic circulation by the ____________________,which is found in the mucous membranes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains that HIV is introduced...

Question 20

The school nurse uses a chart to demonstrate that,according to statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),the population with the greatest incidence of human immunodeficiency viral (HIV)infection in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Asian Americans
B)   African Americans
C)   Latinos
D)   Whites

Exam 34: Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome