Question 1

On a visit to administer the fifth in a series of 10 antibiotic doses,the home health nurse is told that the patient is now complaining about a bothersome vaginal discharge.The nurse will communicate the problem to arrange for medication and teaches the patient that this condition is probably the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Poor genital hygiene-not changing underwear often enough
B)   Allergy to the soap or soap products used in the genital area
C)   Superinfection response to the antibiotic medication
D)   Sexual contact with another infected person C

Question 2

The home health nurse recommends air conditioner duct cleaning as a precaution against diseases caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria
B)   Viruses
C)   Fungi
D)   Protozoa C

Question 3

With the exposure to an antigen,the nurse explains that the initiator of the inflammatory response is the presence of histamine,which is released by the:

Accepted Answer

A)   Neutrophils
B)   Eosinophils
C)   Basophils
D)   Monocytes C

Question 4

A patient who is receiving daily steroids for the control of a condition calls the nurse to ask advice about whether a small child who has been exposed to influenza should come and visit because she has not had any symptoms.An appropriate response by the office nurse would be:

Accepted Answer

A)   "Yes, let the child visit. There is no reason not to visit, because this child is not sick."
B)   "No, the child should not visit. Infectious diseases are often most communicable in the short period before the child actually becomes ill."
C)   "It would be up to the patient. Plan not to get overtired with a small child running and bouncing around."
D)   "Take the child who is not sick to her own physician, and ask this question first."

Question 5

Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)have acquired Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP),a serious pulmonary infection caused by ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)have acquired...

Question 6

A patient has had several increasingly severe allergic reactions during last year's pollen season.This year,the patient comes regularly to the office to receive some antigen injections.The nurse teaches that these will:

Accepted Answer

A)   Combat infection brought on by the allergic response.
B)   Act as a steroid to lessen the allergic response.
C)   Increase tolerance to the antigen.
D)   Decrease the production of the antibodies.

Question 7

The school nurse is required to report to the health department all cases of: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Rubella
B)   Lyme disease
C)   Pediculosis
D)   Salmonella
E)   Clostridium difficile

Question 8

The organs involved in immunity include the tonsils,spleen,lymph nodes,and:

Accepted Answer

A)   Liver
B)   Lungs
C)   Periosteum
D)   Pancreas

Question 9

A community picnic is held.A number of the attendees become ill after the picnic.The pathogen in this case was acquired via:

Accepted Answer

A)   Indirect contact
B)   Common vehicle
C)   Airborne transmission
D)   Vector transmission

Question 10

The nurse caring for an patient who is immunosuppressed is diligent about protecting the patient from infection.When visitors come in,in addition to having them put on isolation attire,the nurse prohibits them from bringing a:

Accepted Answer

A)   Battery-operated DVD player
B)   Book
C)   Potted plant
D)   Box of candy

Question 11

The nurse assesses that the patient who has acquired a health care-associated infection is most likely the patient with:

Accepted Answer

A)   Abdominal abscess after a ruptured appendix
B)   Lice and nits that have come from the emergency department
C)   Urinary infection after the insertion of a Foley catheter
D)   Two-day, postoperative foot fungus after a hip replacement

Question 12

The daughter of an 89-year-old resident in a long-term care facility asks if she may give her father an over-the-counter (OTC)antihistamine that she uses for seasonal allergy.The nurse's most appropriate response would be:

Accepted Answer

A)   "Yes. OTCs are mild and very helpful."
B)   "No. Many antihistamines cause confusion in the older adult."
C)   "Yes. The drug might energize him so he won't be so drowsy."
D)   "No. Allergic symptoms should be allowed to run their course."

Question 13

The nurse explains that a medication given to a patient with a severe inflammatory response mimics a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.This hormone is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Aldosterone
B)   Testosterone
C)   Histamine
D)   Cortisol

Question 14

The nurse assesses a high eosinophil count in a pediatric patient.The nurse recognizes that this elevation is an indicator of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse assesses a high eosinophil count...

Question 15

The home health nurse is teaching the family that the most effective method to control the spread of communicable disease is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   Isolate the infected person from all contact with noninfected persons.
B)   Vigorously petition the community health department to increase spraying.
C)   Administer prophylactic antibiotics to the rest of the family.
D)   Demonstrate and monitor a return demonstration of a good hand-washing technique by the family.

Question 16

The nurse explains that although some drugs reduce inflammation,they also hinder the body's immune response.Examples of such drugs are:

Accepted Answer

A)   Antihistamines and salicylates
B)   Bronchodilators and corticosteroids
C)   Cardiotonic and anticholinergics
D)   Diuretics and sedatives

Question 17

The nurse is discussing the body's first and second lines of defense against infection with a community group.The first line of defense includes:

Accepted Answer

A)   Teeth
B)   Sweat
C)   White blood cells
D)   T lymphocytes

Question 18

The nurse reminds the patient who is to undergo hyperbaric oxygen therapy that the clothing worn into the chamber must be made of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse reminds the patient who is...

Question 19

After receiving an injection of penicillin,the patient undergoes an anaphylactic reaction.The nurse should immediately:

Accepted Answer

A)   Administer oxygen.
B)   Prepare fluids to combat shock.
C)   Notify the charge nurse.
D)   Cover with several blankets.

Question 20

The patient in early labor says to the nurse,"I will pass on protection from diseases,and the baby will not ever need any shots." The best response by the nurse should be:

Accepted Answer

A)   "Babies are born with innate (natural)  immunity at birth."
B)   "Babies are born with immunoglobulin E (Ig
E)  , an antibody that crosses the placenta, but it only briefly protects the baby."
C)   "Yes, immediate antibody immunity from the mother is the first line of defense against disease for babies."
D)   "Yes, the mother passes on cell-mediated immunity."

Exam 13: Inflammation, Infection, and Immunity