Question 1

Lauren is baking a cake but realizes that she is missing ingredients.She has to make a cake,so she finds a new recipe that will work with the ingredients she has.Lauren is engaging in

Accepted Answer

A)  informal reasoning. 
B)  framing. 
C)  problem solving. 
D)  formal reasoning.

Question 2

Shara is participating in a psychology study in which she has to press a button as fast as possible whenever she sees a circle on the computer screen.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Accepted Answer

A)  choice 
B)  simple 
C)  complex 
D)  basic

Question 3

Fred wants to be a lawyer.To achieve this goal,Fred realizes he will have to graduate from law school.He also knows that to go to law school,he will have to graduate from college.So,he decides that his first step toward his goal of being a lawyer is to apply to college.To solve his problem Fred is using

Accepted Answer

A)  an analogy. 
B)  working backward. 
C)  insight. 
D)  subgoals.

Question 4

Jake is choosing his major from three different alternatives: biology,Spanish,or psychology.Jake is using

Accepted Answer

A)  problem solving. 
B)  framing. 
C)  decision making. 
D)  insight.

Question 5

Using an analogy to help solve a problem is most likely to occur when the problem

Accepted Answer

A)  is very specific and well-defined. 
B)  has many subgoals. 
C)  is similar to another problem. 
D)  cannot be solved by working backward.

Question 6

Although many successful musicians may not have "book smarts," they certainly have the "street smarts" needed to succeed in the music industry.The theory of intelligence that best accounts for this observation about "book smarts" and "street smarts" in musicians is the ________ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  triarchic 
B)  general intelligence 
C)  emotional intelligence 
D)  crystallized intelligence

Question 7

Stella takes an Advanced Placement English Literature test,which is designed to assess what knowledge and skills she has learned in that subject.Stella is taking a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

A)  content 
B)  performance 
C)  aptitude 
D)  achievement

Question 8

Your friend says the new restaurant in town has the best hamburgers.To see whether she is correct,you read a variety of online restaurant reviews.You are using ________ reasoning to determine whether this conclusion is valid.

Accepted Answer

A)  formal 
B)  informal 
C)  heuristic 
D)  algorithmic

Question 9

When people group several concepts together,such as baseball,basketball,and football,based on the shared property of being "ball sports," they are creating a ________of the concepts.

Accepted Answer

A)  prototype 
B)  category 
C)  exemplar 
D)  mental map

Question 10

The Law School Admissions Test (LSAT)measures logical thinking ability and predicts students' success in law school.Based on this you know that the LSAT is a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

A)  aptitude 
B)  general intelligence 
C)  achievement 
D)  standardized

Question 11

Bridget just took an intelligence test.The results show that Bridget has very high musical intelligence.The test Bridget took was probably based on the

Accepted Answer

A)  triarchic theory. 
B)  theory of emotional intelligences. 
C)  theory of general intelligence. 
D)  theory of multiple intelligences.

Question 12

To buy cheese,Kumiko goes to a large store with a big selection of cheeses.Nima goes to a much smaller store with only a few choices of cheeses.Who is more likely to buy cheese,and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kumiko, because his store has more choices 
B)  Nima, because his store has fewer choices 
C)  Kumiko, because he will be able to decide which is the perfect cheese for him 
D)  Nima, because he can make his decision more quickly

Question 13

Annie needs to take her cat to the vet but she does not have a carrier.She remembers that once she took her guinea pig to the vet in a pot.But she knows the cat will not fit in a pot,so she cannot use this strategy.Annie is having a hard time solving the problem because of

Accepted Answer

A)  poor insight. 
B)  a mental set. 
C)  subgoals. 
D)  framing.

Question 14

The SAT is a psychometric test,which means that it is

Accepted Answer

A)  an intelligence test that gives an IQ score based on a person's performance. 
B)  an achievement test that reveals what knowledge and skills a person has. 
C)  definitely valid but may not be reliable. 
D)  a standardized test that is administered the same way for all students and scored objectively.

Question 15

Your rent is due,but you are short $100.You find a way around this obstacle to meet the goal of paying the rent by offering to clean your friend's house for $100.You now have enough money to pay your rent.To reach your goal,you have just used the thinking strategy of

Accepted Answer

A)  reasoning. 
B)  decision making. 
C)  problem solving. 
D)  framing.

Question 16

Which of the following would be an example of crystallized intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maggie is able to solve unfamiliar math problems. 
B)  Aaron can compose a beautiful piano piece in one week. 
C)  Jordan can easily recite the entire dictionary. 
D)  Miguel can think quickly in complicated situations.

Question 17

Marco wants to get an A on his exam.To do this,he divides up the material into small sections and focuses on learning a different section every day until he knows all of the material for the exam.Marco is ________ to achieve his goal of getting an A on his exam.

Accepted Answer

A)  using subgoals 
B)  working backward 
C)  creating an analogy 
D)  using insight

Question 18

Typically,scores on intelligence tests are closely related to ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory 
B)  semantic 
C)  working 
D)  episodic

Question 19

When you meet Joe,he tells you that he loves math and building computers and robots.You decide that Joe must be an engineering student and not a liberal arts student,even though there are more liberal arts students at your school.In making this decision,you have just used

Accepted Answer

A)  the representativeness heuristic. 
B)  an algorithm. 
C)  the availability heuristic. 
D)  an analogy.

Exam 8: Thinking and Intelligence