Question 1

Nora participated in a psychology experiment where she completed several psychological tests,and the researchers told her that her personality reflected that of someone who was likely to end up alone later in life.Compared with the students who did not receive such feedback,Nora is more likely to

Accepted Answer

A) join a book club to increase social bonding. 
B) engage in unhealthy behaviours,such as overeating or drinking. 
C) start acting in more prosocial ways to those around her. 
D) discount the feedback and get angry because she believes it isn't true.

Question 2

An example of the power of ________________ is urban legends,such as the myth that gang members drive around with their lights off and shoot people who flash their lights at them.

Accepted Answer

A) conformity 
B) social comparison 
C) fundamental attribution 
D) social contagion

Question 3

What is the relationship between temperature and aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) Increases in temperature reduce the rate of violent crime because people are lethargic and stay inside in front of their fans or air conditioners. 
B) Decreases in temperature increase the rate of violent crime because people are less observant during colder months and there are fewer witnesses on the street to stop a crime in progress. 
C) Increases in temperature increase the rate of violent crime because warm temperatures make people irritable and more likely to lose their temper when provoked or frustrated. 
D) There is no clear relationship between temperature and aggressive behaviours.

Question 4

Experiments showing the effects of group pressure on conformity were conducted by

Accepted Answer

A) Zimbardo. 
B) Asch. 
C) Gibb. 
D) Milgram.

Question 5

You get on an elevator.Everyone is facing to the right.You turn and also face to the right.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) obedience. 
B) comparison. 
C) attribution. 
D) conformity.

Question 6

The tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences is known as

Accepted Answer

A) social facilitation. 
B) social influence. 
C) the social comparison theory. 
D) the fundamental attribution error.

Question 7

With respect to pseudoscience marketing techniques to falsely enhance persuasion,_______ capitalizes on the rareness of an item as to why we should purchase it.

Accepted Answer

A) the scarcity hypothesis 
B) the consensus hypothesis 
C) credibility manufacturing 
D) the goddess-within

Question 8

Your professor has just delivered a lecture that has left everyone in the class thoroughly confused.When the professor asks "Are there any questions?",students look nervously at each other but no one responds.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) the bystander effect. 
B) pluralistic ignorance. 
C) diffusion of responsibility. 
D) groupthink.

Question 9

Who is more likely to engage in physical aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) Billy,who was raised in North Dakota 
B) Mao Lin,who was raised in Beijing 
C) Beau,who was raised in Savannah 
D) Tanaka,who was raised in Tokyo

Question 10

The tendency of people to alter their behaviour as a result of group influence or pressure is called

Accepted Answer

A) obedience. 
B) attribution. 
C) conformity. 
D) social comparison.

Question 11

Which of the following is one of the best antidotes to social loafing?

Accepted Answer

A) Have the group brainstorm ideas for the project together. 
B) Allow students to choose their own groups for a project. 
C) Ensure that individual contributions can be identified and evaluated. 
D) Randomly assign classmates into groups.

Question 12

Brain studies on conformity find increased activity in what part of the brain while conforming?

Accepted Answer

A) Hippocampus 
B) Amygdala 
C) Thalamus 
D) Hypothalamus

Question 13

Which personality trait has been associated with an increased proneness to violence?

Accepted Answer

A) psychological dependence 
B) authoritarianism 
C) behavioural rigidity 
D) mistrusting of others

Question 14

The advice to "keep it simple,stupid" suggests that political and other messages should be simple so that the audience will understand the content without distractions.This is an example of which type of processing suggested by the dual process model of persuasion?

Accepted Answer

A) Central route 
B) Peripheral route 
C) Afferent route 
D) Efferent route

Question 15

________ creates a predisposition toward distrusting anything or anyone unfamiliar or different.

Accepted Answer

A) Prejudice 
B) Adaptive conservatism 
C) In-group bias 
D) Discrimination

Question 16

According to research by Frans de Waal,_______________ are models for prosocial behaviour and _______________ are models for antisocial behaviour in humans.

Accepted Answer

A) bonobos;chimpanzees 
B) chimpanzees;gorillas 
C) gorillas;bonobos 
D) chimpanzees;bonobos

Question 17

The approximate number of people that each of us knows reasonably well is

Accepted Answer

A) 50. 
B) 100. 
C) 150. 
D) 200.

Question 18

A dealer persuades a customer to buy a new car by reducing the price to well below that of his competitors.Once the customer has agreed to buy the car,the terms of the sale are shifted by lowering the value of the trade-in and requiring the purchase of expensive extra equipment.Now the car costs well above the current market rate.This is an example of the ______ technique.

Accepted Answer

A) foot-in-the-door 
B) door-in-the-face 
C) lowball 
D) bait-and-switch

Question 19

________ is the treatment in which people are first introduced to the reasons why a belief seems to be correct,and then exposed to the reasons why the belief is incorrect.

Accepted Answer

A) Brainwashing 
B) Groupthink 
C) The bystander effect 
D) Inoculation

Question 20

Research has shown that there are gender differences in aggression.These findings suggest that

Accepted Answer

A) higher levels of testosterone may produce more outward aggression in males. 
B) males are likely to engage in more relational aggression than females. 
C) males engage in more nondirect aggression than females. 
D) females are more likely to be affected by high temperatures than males.

Exam 13: D: Social Psychology