Question 1

Why are female vegetarian athletes particularly vulnerable to iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Vegetarian female athletes are particularly vulnerable to iron insufficiency.The bioavailability of iron is often poor in plant-based diets because such diets are high in fibre and phytic acid and because the nonheme iron in plant foods is not absorbed as well as the heme iron in animal-derived foods.Vegetarian diets are usually rich in vitamin C,however,which enhances iron absorption.To protect against iron deficiency,vegetarian athletes need to pay close attention to their intake of food dietary sources of iron (fortified cereals,legumes,nuts,and seeds)and include vitamin C-rich foods with each meal.

Question 2

Describe the composition and characteristics of an ideal pregame meal.

Accepted Answer

The pregame meal should be carbohydrate rich and the meal light (300-800 calories).It should be easy to digest and should contain fluids.Breads,potatoes,pasta,and fruit juices are foods that are carbohydrate rich,while also being low in fat,protein,and fibre.In addition,the competitor should finish eating three to four hours before competition to allow time for the stomach to empty before exertion.

Question 3

Athletes who train exhaustively for endurance events may want to aim for a carbohydrate level in what range?

Accepted Answer

A)   50-70%
B)   65-90%
C)   65-75%
D)   70-80% C

Question 4

List some moderate effort exercises one can do for longer than 20 minutes.

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

Describe the side effects of taking steroid hormone drugs.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Which of the following factors influences how much glucose a person uses during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   the age of the person exercising
B)   whether carbohydrate is simple or complex
C)   the duration of the activity
D)   the person's level of overall fitness

Question 7

What colour is the urine of an adequately hydrated person?

Accepted Answer

A)   yellow,like pale lemonade
B)   light brown,like iced tea
C)   amber,like apple juice
D)   clear,like water

Question 8

Identify the characteristics and benefits of cardiorespiratory endurance.

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

Which of the following is completely lost during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin C
B)   potassium
C)   magnesium
D)   vitamin A

Question 10

Describe the health benefits from physical activity.

Accepted Answer

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Question 11

Which of the following foods should an athlete eat in order to consume an adequate amount of B vitamins,magnesium,and chromium?

Accepted Answer

A)   milk
B)   whole grains
C)   meats
D)   leafy vegetables

Question 12

On average,protein contributes about what percentage of the total fuel used during activity and during rest?

Accepted Answer

A)   5%
B)   10%
C)   15%
D)   20%

Question 13

A safe plan for carbohydrate loading includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   eating simple carbohydrate before the competition
B)   gradually increasing activity during the week before competition
C)   drinking high carbohydrate drinks the day before the competition
D)   eating a high-carbohydrate diet during the three days before competition

Question 14

Your friend participates in strenuous world-class competition that lasts for four hours or more.What advice would you give your friend?

Accepted Answer

A)   Suggest drinking plain water.
B)   Suggest consuming sports drinks and pretzels.
C)   Suggest taking electrolyte or salt tablets.
D)   Suggest not worrying about electrolyte losses.

Question 15

Differentiate between the causes,characteristics,and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia and sports anemia.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Describe the appropriate procedure for carbohydrate loading.

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Question 17

Which of the following is an advantage of sport bars for athletes?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are superior to homemade snacks.
B)   They are easy to eat in the hours before competition.
C)   They provide complete nutrition.
D)   They are inexpensive.

Question 18

What is produced by the anaerobic breakdown of glucose during intense activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   lactic acid
B)   sodium
C)   water
D)   fatty acids

Question 19

Describe the potential benefits versus adverse effects of caffeine use among athletes.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

What is the most important antioxidant related to physical activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   beta-carotene
B)   vitamin C
C)   vitamin E
D)   folate

Exam 10: Nutrients, physical Activity, and the Bodys Responses