Question 1

The basic building blocks of the nervous system are the:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurons 
B)  genomes 
C)  dendrites 
D)  glial cells

Question 2

Anah is studying the similarity of monozygotic versus dizygotic twins, examining characteristics ranging from criminality to math aptitude to introversion. It is likely that she is working in the field of:

Accepted Answer

A)  child development 
B)  psychometrics 
C)  behavioural genetics 
D)  genometrics

Question 3

A young child is referred to Marco's psychology practice following a severe accident. The child had vision prior to the accident, but because of a blow to the head, she can no longer see. Her eyes are still fully functional. Based on this information, Marco determines that the brain area most likely damaged in the accident is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe 
B)  parietal lobe 
C)  temporal lobe 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 4

Brad has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke. As a result, he is unable to move his right arm and has a great deal of difficulty planning and maintaining attention. The location of his stroke is most likely the:

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe 
B)  parietal lobe 
C)  temporal lobe 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 5

The action of neural firing as it proceeds down a myelinated axon is similar to which of the following types of movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  skipping 
B)  crawling 
C)  running laps 
D)  driving on a road

Question 6

Interneurons communicate:

Accepted Answer

A)  within local or short distance circuits 
B)  directly on muscles 
C)  directly on sensory organs 
D)  with glial cells

Question 7

Steve and Carlita want to determine the chances of their unborn child having a sex-linked disorder. The most certain technique to determine the existence of the mutation would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  ultrasound 
B)  IVF 
C)  germline therapy 
D)  amniocentesis

Question 8

Jonas has experienced a relatively severe right hemisphere stroke. As a result, he has been diagnosed with hemineglect. That is, he is unable to notice anything on the left side of his body. The location of the stroke is most likely within the:

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe 
B)  parietal lobe 
C)  temporal lobe 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 9

Growth hormone is released primarily through the actions of the ____________ and is released from the ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral cortex; pineal gland 
B)  hypothalamus; pineal gland 
C)  cerebral cortex; pituitary gland 
D)  hypothalamus; pituitary gland

Question 10

According to the study conducted by Avshalom Caspi, boys who had been mistreated and showed the low-MAO gene were:

Accepted Answer

A)  least likely to commit a crime 
B)  responsible for more than half the crimes committed by the group 
C)  no more likely to commit a crime than the boys without the low-MAO gene but who had been mistreated 
D)  no more likely to commit a crime than boys with low-MAO genes who were not mistreated

Question 11

Joaquim has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke. As a result, he has been diagnosed with an inability to identify faces and understand what is spoken to him. The location of his stroke is most likely within the:

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe 
B)  parietal lobe 
C)  temporal lobe 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 12

How does the hypothalamus influence physical growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  by affecting the release of growth hormone 
B)  by activating calcium receptors in the bones and tissues 
C)  by directing the reception of growth hormone at the receptor sites 
D)  by overriding the action of the pituitary gland

Question 13

In studies of monozygotic twins separated at birth and adopted into different environments there are:

Accepted Answer

A)  no similarities 
B)  only physical similarities 
C)  only broad personality trait similarities 
D)  sometimes a surprising number of similarities with regard to idiosyncratic behaviours

Question 14

You discover a genetic mutation that even though it leads to a disease has remained in the gene pool. You are likely to conclude that the mutation you have found:

Accepted Answer

A)  is a result of a mistake in your research methods 
B)  could only exist for a single generation 
C)  is linked to a recessive gene 
D)  must have a benefit

Question 15

In sexual reproduction both parents contribute one half of the chromosomes; the egg carries:

Accepted Answer

A)  Y chromosomes only 
B)  X chromosomes only 
C)  X or Y chromosomes 
D)  X and Y chromosomes

Question 16

Nasim is driving on a snow-covered road and her car begins to slide. The quick behavioural response and the increased heart rate and respiration she experiences are most likely due to the ____________ nervous system; the feeling of relief and decrease in heart rate and respiration once she has the car under control again are most likely due to the ____________ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic; sympathetic 
B)  sympathetic; parasympathetic 
C)  autonomic; somatic 
D)  somatic; autonomic

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of a knockout mouse?

Accepted Answer

A)  to determine the effects of a removed or disrupted gene on the genome 
B)  to determine the effect of a removed or disrupted gene on other genes 
C)  to determine how a removed gene might interact with the environment 
D)  to determine if the removed gene is important for a specific function

Question 18

In the studies that deprived animals of early visual input, why did the visual cortex fail to develop?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sufficient stimulation was not received within the critical developmental period. 
B)  The eyes stopped functioning, so no information was received in the visual cortex. 
C)  The animals were too young for visual cortex development. 
D)  Plasticity is not found in the visual cortex.

Question 19

If you touch something hot, ____________ neurons of the ____________ type send a signal from the spinal cord to your muscle to withdraw your finger.

Accepted Answer

A)  motor; efferent 
B)  sensory; efferent 
C)  motor; afferent 
D)  sensory; afferent

Question 20

The _______ capture(s) the incoming chemical signal while the _______ release(s) the chemical signal.

Accepted Answer

A)  terminal buttons; dendrites 
B)  dendrites; terminal buttons 
C)  cell body; axon 
D)  axon; cell body

Exam 3: Biological Foundations

The basic building blocks of the nervous system are the:

Anah is studying the similarity of monozygotic versus dizygotic twins, examining characteristics ranging from criminality to math aptitude to introversion. It is likely that she is working in the field of:

Brad has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke. As a result, he is unable to move his right arm and has a great deal of difficulty planning and maintaining attention. The location of his stroke is most likely the:

The action of neural firing as it proceeds down a myelinated axon is similar to which of the following types of movement?

Interneurons communicate:

Steve and Carlita want to determine the chances of their unborn child having a sex-linked disorder. The most certain technique to determine the existence of the mutation would be:

Jonas has experienced a relatively severe right hemisphere stroke. As a result, he has been diagnosed with hemineglect. That is, he is unable to notice anything on the left side of his body. The location of the stroke is most likely within the:

Growth hormone is released primarily through the actions of the and is released from the .

According to the study conducted by Avshalom Caspi, boys who had been mistreated and showed the low-MAO gene were:

Joaquim has experienced a relatively severe left hemisphere stroke. As a result, he has been diagnosed with an inability to identify faces and understand what is spoken to him. The location of his stroke is most likely within the:

How does the hypothalamus influence physical growth?

In studies of monozygotic twins separated at birth and adopted into different environments there are:

You discover a genetic mutation that even though it leads to a disease has remained in the gene pool. You are likely to conclude that the mutation you have found:

In sexual reproduction both parents contribute one half of the chromosomes; the egg carries:

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of a knockout mouse?

In the studies that deprived animals of early visual input, why did the visual cortex fail to develop?

If you touch something hot, neurons of the type send a signal from the spinal cord to your muscle to withdraw your finger.

The _ capture(s) the incoming chemical signal while the _ release(s) the chemical signal.