Question 1

"Hot" fish pick up their heat

Accepted Answer

A)  from brown fat. 
B)  by shivering. 
C)  by eating prey that live in warmer waters near the surface. 
D)  through metabolically active muscles. 
E)  by pressing against warm rocks in the intertidal zone.

Question 2

Which is the most important and most common characteristic of endotherms adapted to cold climates compared with those adapted to warm climates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Higher basal metabolic rates 
B)  Higher Q10 values 
C)  Brown fat 
D)  Greater insulation 
E)  Ability to hibernate

Question 3

Which correctly represents an energy budget?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolism + radiation absorbed = convection + conduction 
B)  Metabolism = convection + conduction + evaporation 
C)  Metabolism + radiation absorbed = convection + conduction + evaporation 
D)  Metabolism + radiation lost = radiation absorbed + convection + conduction + evaporation 
E)  Metabolism + radiation absorbed = convection + conduction + evaporation + radiation lost

Question 4

Which characteristic is true of a "cold" fish?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has an ability to conserve heat that is generated in swimming muscles. 
B)  It has a small dorsal aorta. 
C)  Heat is lost to the surrounding water as blood passes through its gills. 
D)  Most blood from its gills flows through vessels under the skin. 
E)  Its blood flows from the gills to the heart and then out to the body.

Question 5

A single-celled paramecium is limited in the size it can become because its volume grows faster than its _______, and exchanges with the environment are limited by the surface area of its cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A single-celled paramecium is limited in the...

Question 6

When compared with the thermal limits for life, the thermal tolerance of a given species is usually

Accepted Answer

A)  more variable. 
B)  narrower. 
C)  higher. 
D)  lower. 
E)  similar.

Question 7

Feedforward information

Accepted Answer

A)  amplifies a response. 
B)  is received by effectors. 
C)  changes the set point. 
D)  returns a physiological process to its normal set point. 
E)  eliminates feedback from the external environment.

Question 8

In response to a 10°C rise in environmental temperature, an endotherm's body temperature will

Accepted Answer

A)  rise at a constant rate. 
B)  fall at a constant rate. 
C)  fall to a point, then become stable. 
D)  rise to a point, then become stable. 
E)  remain relatively constant.

Question 9

If you are out in subfreezing weather for an hour without protective clothing, it is unlikely that you will die, but if you put a culture of your own nerve cells out in the same weather, they will die.The main reason for this difference is that

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve cells are more temperature sensitive than any other cell in your body. 
B)  homeostatic regulation of your internal body temperature enables you to survive exposure to extreme temperatures. 
C)  the cilia on your epidermis protect your internal cells from extreme low temperatures. 
D)  nerve cells in culture are not protected by glial cells. 
E)  your skin is able to both absorb heat and dissipate heat.

Question 10

A state of below-normal body temperature is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A state of below-normal body temperature is...

Question 11

Blood is a type of _______ tissue.

Accepted Answer

A)  connective 
B)  epithelial 
C)  matrix 
D)  muscle 
E)  nervous

Question 12

Refer to the figure.  Two tissues you would find in your brain are shown in _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure.  Two tissues...

Question 13

Which type of animal is the least likely to have a body temperature different from the environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sparrow (bird) 
B)  Halibut (fish) 
C)  Chipmunk (mammal) 
D)  Honey bee (insect) 
E)  Lizard (reptile)

Question 14

A Q₁₀ value of 3 indicates that a reaction rate has _______ over a temperature range of 10°C.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A Q₁₀ value of 3 indicates that...

Question 15

The list below shows possible metabolic responses of a mammal to environmental temperature change.Choose the most likely response of a mammal when the environmental temperature begins at 0°C and increases by 3°C-5°C.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased metabolic rate 
B)  Decreased metabolic rate 
C)  No change in metabolic rate 
D)  Initial decrease in metabolic rate followed by an increase 
E)  Death

Question 16

The four basic tissue types are

Accepted Answer

A)  squamous, cuboidal, columnar, and simple. 
B)  epithelial, muscle, connective, and nervous. 
C)  simple, stratified, connective, and blood. 
D)  skin, nerves, muscle, and blood. 
E)  adipose, cartilage, bone, and blood.

Question 17

Mechanical systems, like physiological systems, can be regulated to maintain homeostasis.Imagine an automated system that allows water to flow from a storage tank into a water bowl for your pet.In this system, the valve that opens when the water level drops below the desired water level is the

Accepted Answer

A)  sensor. 
B)  effector. 
C)  error signal. 
D)  feedforward information. 
E)  set point.

Question 18

The list below shows possible metabolic responses of a mammal to environmental temperature change.Choose the most likely response of a mammal when the environmental temperature fluctuates between its upper and lower critical temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased metabolic rate 
B)  Decreased metabolic rate 
C)  No change in metabolic rate 
D)  Initial decrease in metabolic rate followed by an increase 
E)  Death

Question 19

Refer to the graphs showing the results of an experiment in which researchers heated and cooled the hypothalamus of a mammal and determined its metabolic rates at different environmental (ambient) temperatures.  Based on the figure, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the hypothalamus was cooled, body temperature fell. 
B)  When the hypothalamus was cooled, metabolic rate increased. 
C)  The metabolic rate was higher when the hypothalamus was warmed to 40°C. 
D)  The hypothalamic set point was increased when the hypothalamus was warmed to 40°C. 
E)  When the hypothalamus was warmed, body temperature increased.

Question 20

Which physiological control mechanism in marine iguanas decreases the iguanas' heat loss when in the water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased heart rate 
B)  Decreased blood flow to the skin 
C)  Dilation of blood vessels in the skin 
D)  Contraction of muscles 
E)  Retention of water

Exam 39: Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

"Hot" fish pick up their heat

Which is the most important and most common characteristic of endotherms adapted to cold climates compared with those adapted to warm climates?

Which correctly represents an energy budget?

Which characteristic is true of a "cold" fish?

A single-celled paramecium is limited in the size it can become because its volume grows faster than its _______, and exchanges with the environment are limited by the surface area of its cell membrane.

When compared with the thermal limits for life, the thermal tolerance of a given species is usually

Feedforward information

In response to a 10°C rise in environmental temperature, an endotherm's body temperature will

If you are out in subfreezing weather for an hour without protective clothing, it is unlikely that you will die, but if you put a culture of your own nerve cells out in the same weather, they will die.The main reason for this difference is that

A state of below-normal body temperature is called _______.

Blood is a type of _______ tissue.

Refer to the figure. Two tissues you would find in your brain are shown in _______.

Which type of animal is the least likely to have a body temperature different from the environment?

A Q10 value of 3 indicates that a reaction rate has _______ over a temperature range of 10°C.

The list below shows possible metabolic responses of a mammal to environmental temperature change.Choose the most likely response of a mammal when the environmental temperature begins at 0°C and increases by 3°C-5°C.

The four basic tissue types are

Mechanical systems, like physiological systems, can be regulated to maintain homeostasis.Imagine an automated system that allows water to flow from a storage tank into a water bowl for your pet.In this system, the valve that opens when the water level drops below the desired water level is the

The list below shows possible metabolic responses of a mammal to environmental temperature change.Choose the most likely response of a mammal when the environmental temperature fluctuates between its upper and lower critical temperatures.

Refer to the graphs showing the results of an experiment in which researchers heated and cooled the hypothalamus of a mammal and determined its metabolic rates at different environmental (ambient) temperatures. Based on the figure, which statement is true?

Which physiological control mechanism in marine iguanas decreases the iguanas' heat loss when in the water?

A Q₁₀ value of 3 indicates that a reaction rate has _______ over a temperature range of 10°C.