Question 1

Adult _______ cannot fold their wings against their bodies.

Accepted Answer

A)  dragonflies 
B)  beetles 
C)  orthopterans 
D)  springtails 
E)  arachnids

Question 2

Which of the following about cephalopods is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are predators with an anterior concentration of sensory structures. 
B)  The siphon is used to capture prey. 
C)  Many forms have an external shell. 
D)  They possess aposematic coloration to warn competitors. 
E)  They are the only hermaphroditic mollusks.

Question 3

Which ecdysozoan group contains fewer than 100 species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Copepods 
B)  Priapulids 
C)  Arthropods 
D)  Insects 
E)  Nematodes

Question 4

The cuticle is relatively thin and flexible in

Accepted Answer

A)  all protostomes. 
B)  ecdysozoans that exchange gases and water across the body surface. 
C)  gastropods that occur on land. 
D)  all marine chelicerates. 
E)  all marine crustaceans.

Question 5

Which statement about crustaceans is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are the least prevalent marine arthropods today. 
B)  Most have a body that is composed of three regions: head, thorax, and abdomen. 
C)  Most have six legs attached to the head. 
D)  They lack a carapace. 
E)  There are very few marine species.

Question 6

The majority of insect species are

Accepted Answer

A)  holometabolous insects that cannot fold their wings against the body. 
B)  pterygous insects that cannot fold their wings against the body. 
C)  neopteran insects that cannot fold their wings against the body. 
D)  holometabolous neopteran insects. 
E)  holometabolous insects without functional digestive tracts.

Question 7

Horsehair worms differ from the priapulids in that

Accepted Answer

A)  adult horsehair worms do not have a mouth. 
B)  horsehair worms do not have a larval stage. 
C)  horsehair worms are segmented. 
D)  horsehair worms do not molt. 
E)  there are no parasitic species of horsehair worms.

Question 8

A dragonfly pursuing a prey item into a small crevice would not be able to enter to capture the prey.Dragonflies would be considered _______ insects.

Accepted Answer

A)  neopteran. 
B)  pterygous. 
C)  cutaneous. 
D)  holometaboulous. 
E)  myriapodic.

Question 9

Although lophotrochozoan species with spiral cleavage were once grouped together taxonomically as spiralians, gene sequence analysis does not support the spiralian taxon as monophyletic.What conclusion follows from this evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spiral cleavage is a trait that is not determined by genes. 
B)  Species within the lophotrochozoans that do not have spiral cleavage are only distantly related to those that do have spiral cleavage. 
C)  Genetic sequence data are not useful in determining taxonomic relationships of these organisms. 
D)  Spiral cleavage may have been present in the lophotrochozoan ancestor, with several subsequent losses of this cleavage pattern. 
E)  Spiral cleavage is an evolutionary adaptation found within closely related organisms.

Question 10

A researcher finds a hard, chitinous exoskeleton with eight appendages attached to the cephalothorax.This exoskeleton most likely came from a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher finds a hard, chitinous exoskeleton...

Question 11

The possession of a relatively thin cuticle that is molted periodically as an animal grows to full size is a feature of

Accepted Answer

A)  chelicerates. 
B)  myriapods. 
C)  hexapods and crustaceans. 
D)  tardigrades. 
E)  priapulids, kinorhynchs, and loriciferans.

Question 12

What characteristics make priapulids, kinorhynchs, and loriciferans members of one clade, separate from the nematodes and horsehair worms? What do these characteristics imply about gas exchange in this clade and the habitats they occupy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What characteristics make priapulids, kinorhynchs, and loriciferans...

Question 13

Which statement about phoronids is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They secrete tubes made of chitin, in which they live. 
B)  They are sessile, wormlike animals. 
C)  Cilia drive water that carries food particles between their tentacles. 
D)  Their tentacles extend from a lophophore. 
E)  They are annelids.

Question 14

You discover a new organism with the following characteristics: the body is wormlike and has a fluid-filled cavity, the long protrusible feeding organ looks like a proboscis, and a complete digestive tract is present.The organism is probably a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  arrow worm. 
B)  flatworm. 
C)  nematode. 
D)  ribbon worm. 
E)  horsehair worm.

Question 15

Arrow worms

Accepted Answer

A)  were once suspected to be deuterostomes based on their embryonic development. 
B)  have a circulatory system. 
C)  have trochophore larvae. 
D)  have separate sexes. 
E)  have a distinct larval stage.

Question 16

Refer to the figure.  Which three types of organisms are shown? Which structures are common among these organisms? How has modification of these structures led to increased species diversity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure.  Which three...

Question 17

Which of the following is not a function of the molluscan foot?

Accepted Answer

A)  It forms a cavity that houses the gills in gastropods. 
B)  Most gastropods move by gliding on their muscular foot. 
C)  It forms tentacles for grasping food in cephalopods. 
D)  It is a digging organ in bivalves. 
E)  It forms tentacles for locomotion in cephalopods.

Question 18

Many crustacean species have a fold of exoskeleton called a(n) _______ that extends dorsally and laterally from the head to cover and protect some body segments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many crustacean species have a fold of...

Question 19

Flatworms have no coelom.Gene sequencing shows that their closest relatives are the bryozoans (which are coelomate) and the rotifers (which are pseudocoelomate).Which of the following is a legitimate conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flatworms and rotifers form a monophyletic group. 
B)  Flatworms and bryozoans form a monophyletic group. 
C)  There must be flaws in the gene sequence analyses. 
D)  Both a and c 
E)  None of the above

Question 20

Many familiar marine arthropods are crabs, lobsters, and shrimps, all of which are _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many familiar marine arthropods are crabs, lobsters,...

Exam 31: Protostome Animals