Question 1

The polymerase chain reaction requires

Accepted Answer

A)  one specific DNA oligonucleotide as a primer. 
B)  single-stranded DNA as template. 
C)  a heat-resistant RNA polymerase. 
D)  cyclical denaturation and annealing of double-stranded DNA. 
E)  primase.

Question 2

The first repair of mistakes during DNA replication is made by

Accepted Answer

A)  the mismatch repair system. 
B)  DNA polymerase. 
C)  excision repair. 
D)  SOS repair. 
E)  postreplication repair.

Question 3

Using Meselson and Stahl's experimental system for studying the mode of replication of DNA, researchers analyze the genetic information from a life-form from Mars.After the first round of replication, they see two distinct bands (a heavy one and a light one) in the cesium chloride gradient.This finding is consistent with the principle of _______ replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using Meselson and Stahl's experimental system for...

Question 4

Franklin's X-ray crystallography data suggested that DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  is the genetic material. 
B)  replicated semiconservatively. 
C)  replicated conservatively. 
D)  has a helical structure. 
E)  follows Chargaff's rules.

Question 5

Recall that two hydrogen bonds bind A and T, but three hydrogen bonds bind G and C.The stability of DNA is affected by the number of hydrogen bonds, with more bonds promoting more stability.Double-stranded DNA molecules that have greater stability require more heat to be broken into single strands.Which double-stranded DNA molecule would likely require the lowest temperature in PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  A molecule with 16 percent A 
B)  A molecule with 23 percent G 
C)  A molecule with 30 percent C 
D)  A molecule with 35 percent T 
E)  A molecule with 38 percent A

Question 6

The fragments of RNA and DNA found on the lagging strand of DNA before RNA removal and ligation are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fragments of RNA and DNA found...

Question 7

To determine whether DNA replication is semiconservative, conservative, or dispersive, Meselson and Stahl labeled E.coli DNA with a regimen of heavy nitrogen for one round of replication and then transferred these cells to a light nitrogen regimen for two more rounds of replication.Which statement would not have been true within the context of this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  If DNA replication was conservative, no DNA molecules of intermediate density would have been seen. 
B)  If DNA replication was dispersive, only DNA molecules that were of intermediate density would have been seen. 
C)  If DNA replication was semiconservative, the DNA molecules that were made would all be heavy. 
D)  If DNA replication was semiconservative, the DNA molecules would consist of one parental strand base paired to one newly replicated strand. 
E)  If DNA replication was semiconservative, a higher proportion of DNA molecules from future divisions would have been light.

Question 8

The experiments of Meselson and Stahl established the _______ replication of DNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The experiments of Meselson and Stahl established...

Question 9

A PCR primer has the sequence 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ATTCCG-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10.This primer will bind to the template sequence

Accepted Answer

A)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-TAAGGC-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
B)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ATTCCG-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
C)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ACCTTA-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
D)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-CGGAAT-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
E)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-GCCTTA-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10

Question 10

In Griffith's experiments, when heat-killed S strain pneumococci were injected into a mouse along with live R strain pneumococci,

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA from the live R cells was taken up by the heat-killed S cells, converting the latter to R cells and killing the mouse. 
B)  DNA from the heat-killed S cells was taken up by the live R cells, converting the latter to S cells and killing the mouse. 
C)  proteins released from the heat-killed S cells killed the mouse. 
D)  RNA from the heat-killed S cells was translated into proteins that killed the mouse. 
E)  there was no result.

Question 11

A researcher transfects mammalian cells with a gene of interest.However, expression of the gene will not confer a selectable phenotype.To differentiate between transfected and nontransfected cells in the transfection solution, the researcher should include a gene for a _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher transfects mammalian cells with a...

Question 12

Which of the following provides the correct order of events in the synthesis of the lagging strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primase adds RNA primer, DNA polymerase III creates a segment of new DNA, DNA polymerase I removes the primer, and ligase seals the gaps. 
B)  Primase adds primer, DNA polymerase I removes the primer, DNA polymerase III extends the segment, and ligase seals the gap. 
C)  Ligase adds bases to the primase, the primase generates polymerase I, polymerase III adds to the segment of new DNA, and helicase winds the DNA. 
D)  Helicase unwinds the DNA, primase creates a primer, DNA polymerase I elongates the segment of new DNA, DNA polymerase III removes the primer, and ligase seals the gaps in the DNA. 
E)  None of the above

Question 13

If human DNA polymerase F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10is substituted for Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase, what will be the effect on the PCR amplification of a template DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  PCR amplification will cease after one round. 
B)  PCR amplification rate will decrease. 
C)  PCR amplification rate will increase. 
D)  PCR amplification will have a greater error rate. 
E)  PCR amplification will not be affected by the switch.

Question 14

Refer to the figure, which illustrates the chemical structure of DNA.  Which label corresponds to a deoxyribose sugar?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 15

DNA proofreading relies upon recognition of correct _______ base pairing by the DNA polymerase complex.

Accepted Answer

The answer of DNA proofreading relies upon recognition of correct...

Question 16

A mutation causes the sliding DNA clamp to operate less efficiently.What is the most likely consequence of this mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The leading strand becomes the lagging strand. 
B)  Okazaki fragments are not joined together. 
C)  Okazaki fragments are produced. 
D)  The helicase does not function efficiently. 
E)  DNA replication proceeds more slowly.

Question 17

Suppose that there is a new DNA polymerase that can add nucleotides at both the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 and 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 ends of DNA strands.Otherwise, this new DNA polymerase functions in the same way as other DNA polymerases.With such a DNA polymerase, which molecule(s) would not be required?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primase 
B)  DNA helicase 
C)  DNA ligase 
D)  dNTPs 
E)  A sliding DNA clamp

Question 18

Which of the following is true of nitrogenous bases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytosine is the only purine. 
B)  Adenine is the only purine. 
C)  Adenine and thymine are purines. 
D)  Cytosine and thymine are purines. 
E)  Adenine and guanine are purines.

Question 19

The uniform diameter of the DNA structure provides evidence for
a. 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end phosphorylation.
b. a double-stranded helix.
c. purine-pyrimidine pairing.
d. a right-handed helix.
e. antiparallel DNA strands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The uniform diameter of the DNA structure...

Question 20

The enzyme _______ adds short strands of RNA to the lagging strand.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The enzyme _______ adds short strands of...

Exam 13: Dna and Its Role in Heredity