Question 1

Psychodynamic theorists emphasize the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  conscious motives. 
B)  the Oedipus complex. 
C)  unconscious mental processes. 
D)  displacement.

Question 2

Which theory proposes that adherence to one's worldview is used to defend against a deeply rooted fear of death?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freudian theory 
B)  object relations theory 
C)  psychosexual theory 
D)  terror-management theory

Question 3

Children who have witnessed a parent's murder report memories that most clearly challenge Freud's concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  erogenous zones. 
B)  an inferiority complex. 
C)  free association. 
D)  repression.

Question 4

People who frequently break speed limits tend to think that many others do the same.This false consensus effect is most similar to what Freud called

Accepted Answer

A)  displacement. 
B)  reaction formation. 
C)  regression. 
D)  projection.

Question 5

Freud would have suggested that an excessive fixation is most likely to contribute to

Accepted Answer

A)  regression. 
B)  an inferiority complex. 
C)  reciprocal determinism. 
D)  free association.

Question 6

Contemporary psychodynamic theorists are most likely to disagree with Freud's assumption that

Accepted Answer

A)  much of our mental functioning is unconscious. 
B)  people often struggle with conflicting wishes. 
C)  childhood experiences influence our adulthood relationships. 
D)  sexual drives are central to personality development.

Question 7

Freud indicated that defense mechanisms

Accepted Answer

A)  increase anxiety by consciously distorting reality. 
B)  reduce anxiety by consciously distorting reality. 
C)  increase anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. 
D)  reduce anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality.

Question 8

Regression is a defense mechanism that involves

Accepted Answer

A)  consciously expressing feelings that are the opposite of underlying unconscious impulses. 
B)  disguising threatening impulses by attributing them to others. 
C)  retreating to an earlier psychosexual stage. 
D)  shifting sexual or aggressive impulses toward less-threatening targets.

Question 9

Abdul mistakenly believes that his classmates are unusually hostile.In fact,Abdul is the most quarrelsome and aggressive child in the school.According to psychoanalytic theory,Abdul's belief that his classmates are hostile is a

Accepted Answer

A)  regression. 
B)  projection. 
C)  denial. 
D)  reaction formation.

Question 10

Today's psychologists call projection

Accepted Answer

A)  the false consensus effect. 
B)  repression. 
C)  fixation. 
D)  denial.

Question 11

Mr.Dutoit was asked by his psychotherapist to look at some ambiguous pictures and make up a story about each.Mr.Dutoit was most likely completing the

Accepted Answer

A)  Thematic Apperception Test. 
B)  False Consensus Effect Test. 
C)  Collective Unconscious Assessment. 
D)  Rorschach inkblot test.

Question 12

Freud's concept of projection is most similar to what today's researchers call

Accepted Answer

A)  schemas. 
B)  the false consensus effect. 
C)  an inferiority complex. 
D)  priming.

Question 13

Freud suggested that in the process of development,people pass through

Accepted Answer

A)  a genital stage before they enter a latency stage. 
B)  a latency stage before they enter a phallic stage. 
C)  a genital stage before they enter a phallic stage. 
D)  a latency stage before they enter a genital stage.

Question 14

According to Freud,the need to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive desires comes from the ________,which operates on the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ego;pleasure principle 
B)  superego;Oedipus complex 
C)  id;pleasure principle 
D)  ego;reality principle

Question 15

The ________ stage of development involves coping with incestuous sexual feelings.

Accepted Answer

A)  phallic 
B)  anal 
C)  oral 
D)  latency

Question 16

Janice is asked by her therapist to look at a picture of a boy staring at a violin.The therapist then instructs her to write a story about the boy.The therapist,who is using the ________,expects that Janice's story will demonstrate ________ of her implicit motives.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rorschach inkblot test;projection 
B)  Thematic Apperception Test;repression 
C)  Rorschach inkblot test;repression 
D)  Thematic Apperception Test;projection

Question 17

A habitual drinker who says she drinks with her friends "just to be sociable" best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  displacement. 
B)  rationalization. 
C)  reaction formation. 
D)  free association.

Question 18

The image of an iceberg is frequently used to illustrate ________ idea of the mind's structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  Adler's 
B)  Freud's 
C)  Jung's 
D)  Murray's

Question 19

Prior to his use of free association,Freud unsuccessfully tried to make use of

Accepted Answer

A)  hypnosis. 
B)  projective tests. 
C)  psychoactive drugs. 
D)  fixation.

Question 20

________,which are often unconscious,and implicit prejudice can automatically influence how people see those from other racial backgrounds,religions,and sexual orientations.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schemas 
B)  Priming 
C)  Emotions 
D)  Stereotypes

Exam 45: Humanistic Perspective