Question 1

Relative to human biological evolution,cultural evolution has occurred:

Accepted Answer

A)  much slower. 
B)  at about the same speed. 
C)  much faster. 
D)  There is no way to know.

Question 2

Which of the following philosophers is most noted for promoting dualism as an explanation of the mind/body problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  René Descartes 
B)  Leonardo da Vinci 
C)  Hippocrates 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 3

With respect to the psychology of emotion,William James would be most interested in:

Accepted Answer

A)  the contribution of unconscious memories to one's emotional experience. 
B)  the basic nature of an emotional feeling or experience. 
C)  how emotions aid one's adaptation to the environment. 
D)  one's subjective interpretation of one's emotions.

Question 4

Kaley has a big presentation at work.Afterward,her boss tells her she did a terrible job and fires her immediately.Given what you know about the self-serving bias,how will Kaley explain this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  I did poorly on this presentation because I am stupid. 
B)  I did poorly on this presentation because the topic was confusing and my boss did not give me enough time to complete it. 
C)  I did well on this presentation because I am a good public speaker and I am smart. 
D)  I did well on this presentation because it was easy and my boss did most of the work.

Question 5

An interpersonal level of analysis falls into which of the following categories for understanding behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  perceptual 
C)  psychological 
D)  social

Question 6

A procedure in which an observer describes the simple elements of a mental experience in as much detail as possible is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  introspection. 
B)  internal perception. 
C)  introjection. 
D)  internal sensation.

Question 7

Psychological science crosses which level(s)of analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological 
B)  social 
C)  individual 
D)  all of the above

Question 8

Dr.Growe is reading an article reporting research in which psychologists investigated the effect of group size on the conformity of group members.Dr.Growe is most likely reading the Journal of ________ Psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  Developmental 
B)  Social 
C)  Cultural 
D)  Personality

Question 9

According to the nature/nurture debate,nature states that individual psychological characteristics are a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  education. 
B)  biological influences. 
C)  experiences. 
D)  culture.

Question 10

Which of the following psychologists are most closely associated with humanistic psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Watson and Skinner 
B)  Allport and Lewin 
C)  Freud and Jung 
D)  Rogers and Maslow

Question 11

Dr.Chen studies several traits that distinguish one person from another.Dr.Doherty investigates how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood.Dr.Chen is a ________ psychologist; Dr.Doherty is a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality; personality psychologist,too 
B)  personality; developmental psychologist 
C)  developmental; personality psychologist 
D)  developmental; developmental psychologist,too

Question 12

A little boy is running around a grocery store,screaming,yelling,and throwing cans.His parents cannot control him.A strict nurture-only theorist might say:

Accepted Answer

A)  "His parents must have been really active when they were children." 
B)  "He cannot help that he was born wild." 
C)  "Even if he was born wild,his parents should be able to control him." 
D)  "Boys evolved to act this way when they are young."

Question 13

Why is critical thinking important in evaluating psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers deliberately lie about their research findings. 
B)  There might be significant limitations to the research findings. 
C)  Research findings are rarely influenced by political and personal agendas. 
D)  There is always a single clear explanation and the researchers may not have found it.

Question 14

Dualism is the idea that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the mind and the brain are separate entities. 
B)  the mind and the brain are the same entity. 
C)  the mind and the brain are opposing forces. 
D)  there is no mind,just the brain.

Question 15

Jane has a phobia of public speaking.To help her overcome her phobia,she decided to consult a ________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  clinical 
C)  counseling 
D)  social

Question 16

Recall your text's discussion of the cognitive approach in psychology.During which decade did cognitive neuroscience become an influential field in cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  the 1960s 
B)  the 1970s 
C)  the 1990s 
D)  the 2000s

Question 17

Mary and Brian see a machine on the television program American Inventor.Mary wants to know what parts make up the machine,but Brian wants to know its purpose.Mary's approach is most similar to the ________ school of psychology,while Brian's approach is most similar to the ________ school of psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralist; functionalist 
B)  functionalist; structuralist 
C)  Gestalt; psychoanalytic 
D)  psychoanalytic; Gestalt

Question 18

Yuko remarks that she is interested in child development and educational psychology.Based on your text's discussion,Yuko's interests echo the:

Accepted Answer

A)  emphases of Confucius. 
B)  writings of da Vinci. 
C)  thoughts of Greek scholars. 
D)  writings of early Muslim thinkers.

Question 19

Roberto studies music preferences.Roberto claims that it is useless to isolate and listen to only a rhythm,a violin part,or another single aspect of music because perceiving the complete piece is most important.Roberto's opinion is similar to the ________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralist 
B)  Gestalt 
C)  behaviorist 
D)  psychoanalytic

Question 20

If you were asked to list all the thoughts and experiences you have while answering a test question,the technique used would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  inspection. 
B)  conscription. 
C)  abstraction. 
D)  introspection.

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology