Question 1

Adaptive thermogenesis and nonexercise activity thermogenesis are

Accepted Answer

A)  components of total energy expenditure. 
B)  different names for the same energy expenditure. 
C)  components of basal metabolism. 
D)  heat-generating activities that improve or maintain physical fitness.

Question 2

Which choice lists the components of total energy expenditure in order from highest contributor to lowest contributor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Basal metabolism, physical activity, thermic effect of food 
B)  Thermic effect of food, physical activity, basal metabolism 
C)  Physical activity, basal metabolism thermic effect of food 
D)  Basal metabolism, thermic effect of food, physical activity

Question 3

Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement that results in energy expenditure. According to this definition, _____ would be considered physical activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  basal metabolism 
B)  thermic effect of food 
C)  nonexercise activity thermogenesis 
D)  adaptive thermogenesis

Question 4

An example of adaptive thermogenesis is

Accepted Answer

A)  sitting up straight. 
B)  shivering in the cold. 
C)  fidgeting by moving your feet around during class. 
D)  going for a swim on a hot day.

Question 5

Imagine that you have just finished a very satisfying meal and you walk past a bakery full of freshly baked goods. If the sweet smells entice you to buy an item, it is likely that those smells have stimulated

Accepted Answer

A)  your appetite. 
B)  ghrelin production. 
C)  hunger. 
D)  a food aversion.

Question 6

As a rule, total body fat exists

Accepted Answer

A)  mainly in the lower portion of the body (thighs, hips, buttocks). 
B)  as a layer of fat beneath the skin. 
C)  as visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue. 
D)  around the organs in the torso.

Question 7

The ob/ob mouse is obese because it eats uncontrollably. By studying ob/ob mice, scientists discovered _____, a satiety signal that ob/ob mice cannot make because of a genetic mutation.

Accepted Answer

A)  ghrelin 
B)  leptin 
C)  the soluble leptin receptor 
D)  the db gene product

Question 8

Given the following characteristics, select the person who would have the highest BMR.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 50-year-old woman, 5'6" tall, who has been dieting on and off for 15 years. 
B)  A 50-year-old man, 5'10" tall, who is 20 pounds overweight. 
C)  A 20-year-old woman, 5'7" tall, who is very muscular. 
D)  A 20-year-old man, 6 feet tall, who is very muscular.

Question 9

Leptin is a satiety-inducing hormone produced by the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  pancreas 
C)  adipose tissue 
D)  thyroid gland

Question 10

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that adults engage in at least _____ of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 days per month 
B)  4 days per week 
C)  150 minutes per week 
D)  60 minutes per day

Question 11

Gastric bypass surgery entails

Accepted Answer

A)  placing a band around the stomach. 
B)  diminishing the size of the stomach and bypassing a segment of the small intestine. 
C)  bypassing the entire stomach by re-routing food directly into the small intestine. 
D)  placing a tube for liquid food delivery directly into the small intestine.

Question 12

A waist circumference of 40 inches or greater in men or 35 inches or greater in women indicates an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

An example of a physiological phenomenon initiating events that lead to a satiety signal in the brain is

Accepted Answer

A)  gastric stretching, which facilitates hormone release in the small intestine, thereby signaling satiety. 
B)  gastric stretching, which causes blood glucose levels to rise and thereby signals satiety. 
C)  gastric stretching, which elicits ghrelin secretion and signals satiety. 
D)  gastric stretching, which signals satiety.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the fat compartment and the fat-free compartment of the body is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fat compartment consists of stored triglycerides and support structures, while the fat-free compartment consists of muscle, water, and bone. 
B)  The amount of energy stored in the fat compartment is genetically determined and unchangeable, while the amount of fat-free mass can be increased through exercise. 
C)  Recommendations for body fat levels are: between 12 and 20% of total body weight for men and between 20 and 30% of total body weight for women. 
D)  The proportions of fat mass and fat-free mass change throughout the life cycle.

Question 15

In response to changes in body fat mass, the brain signals changes in food intake but not energy expenditure.

Accepted Answer