Question 1

In what way is compliance different from conformity?

Accepted Answer

A) Compliance is a response to a direct request,whereas conformity is a response to indirect social pressure. 
B) Conformity and compliance are very similar; the distinction depends on whether one is a male or female. 
C) Conformity involves direct group pressure for change,whereas compliance involves orders or commands. 
D) Compliance involves eliciting reaction on the part of group members,whereas conformity involves subliminal persuasion.

Question 2

In the Milgram experiment on obedience,the _______ was a confederate of the experimenter.

Accepted Answer

A) subject 
B) female subject 
C) learner 
D) normal person

Question 3

The extent to which the first information we receive about someone influences our impression of that person more than later information is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A) the phi phenomenon. 
B) the halo effect. 
C) attribution theory. 
D) the primacy effect.

Question 4

A relatively stable organization of beliefs,feelings,and behavior tendencies toward something or someone else is a(n)__________.

Accepted Answer

A) affect 
B) cognition 
C) archetype 
D) attitude

Question 5

The classic Robber's Cave study showed that prejudice can be reduced by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) mere exposure 
B) relearning social norms 
C) cooperating to meet a mutually beneficial goal 
D) rethinking one's stereotypes

Question 6

While walking through an airport,a well-dressed lady walks up to you and pins a flower on your shirt,saying "I'd like you to have this flower on behalf of the Brotherhood of Friends.Would you like to make a donation to our cause?" This lady is attempting to use the _____________ to get your money.

Accepted Answer

A) foot-in-the-door technique 
B) that's-not-all technique 
C) norm of reciprocity 
D) lowball technique

Question 7

Even though Jane thought it was wrong to take from others,she didn't want to be rejected by her peers,so she began shoplifting along with them.Jane probably experienced _______ when she stole.

Accepted Answer

A) the fundamental attribution error 
B) reactance 
C) central route change 
D) cognitive dissonance

Question 8

The term ______ refers to the tendency to help others who are in need even when there is not likely to be a reward for helping.

Accepted Answer

A) bystander mitigation 
B) altruism 
C) empathy 
D) sympathetic collusion

Question 9

When watching an infomercial offering the latest and greatest in laundry soap products the pitchman continually asks how much you'd be willing to pay,but immediately after telling you the price he yells,"Plus,if you act now,we'll double your order absolutely free!" This is a classic example of the _____________ technique.

Accepted Answer

A) lowballing 
B) that's-not-all 
C) order-now 
D) door-in-the-face

Question 10

A response,either positive or negative,toward a certain person,idea,object,or situation is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) bystander apathy 
B) an attitude 
C) groupthink 
D) conformity

Question 11

What term refers to helping behavior that is performed voluntarily for the benefit of another person,with no anticipation of reward?

Accepted Answer

A) altruism 
B) collectivism 
C) interdependence 
D) humanitarianism

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the three things people do to reduce cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

A) change their behavior 
B) change their attitude 
C) form a new attitude 
D) ignore the conflict

Question 13

Jerry goes to a lot of dog races because he enjoys them and loves to see the dogs run.For Jerry,going to the dog races a lot represents the __________ component of an attitude.

Accepted Answer

A) psychological 
B) behavioral 
C) cognitive 
D) affective

Question 14

Sets of assumptions that people have about how different types of people,personality traits,and actions are all related to each other are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A) social categorization. 
B) implicit personality theories. 
C) urban legends. 
D) stereotypes.

Question 15

Dave believes all college professors are irritable,impatient,and uninterested in whether students learn.His belief is an example of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) consensus 
B) impressions 
C) an attitude 
D) a stereotype

Question 16

What term do psychologists use for the phenomenon that occurs when people are less likely to aid a person in trouble if there are other people around who are also potential helpers?

Accepted Answer

A) bystander effect 
B) sole-witness effect 
C) subtle aggressive effect 
D) antisocial behavior effect

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of cognitive dissonance?

Accepted Answer

A) You are a lousy cook but you keep trying different recipes. 
B) You believe that reality TV is for morons but are addicted to American Idol and watch every episode. 
C) You dislike exercising but do it anyway to improve your health. 
D) You are polite and civil to people you dislike.

Question 18

A college instructor's schedule has her teaching an honors section of psychology.Halfway through the semester,she is told that her class was NOT an honors section after all.She responds,"This is the best class I have ever taught,and the grades prove it." What concept might a social psychologist use to explain the high grades this class obtained and the teacher's high opinion of the class?

Accepted Answer

A) subject bias 
B) self-fulfilling prophecy 
C) covert sensitization 
D) collectivism

Question 19

A social psychologist has been invited to give a community lecture on the importance of Milgram's research.He asks a social psychology class for suggested titles.Which of the following titles might they suggest as the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) "Obedience and Aggression Are Inborn" 
B) "Do Not Underestimate the Power of Perceived Authority" 
C) "Training in Ethics Can Overcome the Pull of Obedience" 
D) "Make a Small Request First and the World Can Be Yours"

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the four categories of factors that can influence the effectiveness of attempts to change people's attitudes?

Accepted Answer

A) the communicator 
B) the audience 
C) the motive 
D) the message itself

Exam 10: Social Psychology