Question 1

Systematic desensitisation was developed in ________ and gradually exposes clients to ________ situations through the use of imagined scenes.

Accepted Answer

A) 1948; anxiety-producing 
B) 1948; depression-provoking 
C) 1958; anxiety-producing 
D) 1958; depression-provoking

Question 2

In family therapy, a therapist seeks to understand

Accepted Answer

A) how a person's psychological disorder creates stress for those who love them. 
B) how family members can help someone with a psychological disorder live a productive life. 
C) the family context out of which problems presumably arise. 
D) why some families seem to experience more problems than others.

Question 3

________ is a statistical method that helps researchers to interpret large bodies of psychological literature.

Accepted Answer

A) Meta-analysis 
B) Beta-analysis 
C) Correlation 
D) Standard deviation

Question 4

Interpersonal therapy (IPT)has shown demonstrated success in substance abuse, eating disorders, and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) anxiety 
B) bipolar disorder 
C) depression 
D) schizophrenia

Question 5

Research suggests that the causal direction of the relationship between therapeutic alliance and improvement may often be the reverse of what ________ proposed.

Accepted Answer

A) Greenberg 
B) Freud 
C) Perls 
D) Rogers

Question 6

Cognitive-behavioural therapies have been found to be especially helpful in the treatment of ________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

A) dissociative 
B) anxiety 
C) personality 
D) impulse control

Question 7

During the first month of treatment, many clients improve considerably. In fact, 40 to ________ per cent of clients report improvement even before attending their first session.

Accepted Answer

A) 50 
B) 56 
C) 60 
D) 66

Question 8

Julie went to therapy for three years straight, and despite that others around her, including her husband, noticed no difference in Julie's outlook on life, she was convinced she had made significant progress. This may be best explained by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the placebo effect 
B) regression to the mean 
C) retrospective rewriting of the past 
D) the self-serving bias

Question 9

Interpersonal therapy (IPT)is a short-term intervention designed to strengthen people's social skills and assist them in coping with interpersonal problems and conflicts. It typically lasts for ________ sessions.

Accepted Answer

A) 10-12 
B) 12-16 
C) 14-16 
D) 16-20

Question 10

A typical course of electroconvulsive therapy is ________ treatments, given ________ times a week.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 to 8; 2 
B) 6 to 8; 3 
C) 6 to 10; 3 
D) 8 to 10; 3

Question 11

________ therapy is a treatment that strengthens social skills and targets interpersonal problems, conflicts, and life transitions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ therapy is a treatment that strengthens...

Question 12

Psychotherapy is an intervention designed to help people to deal with and manage

Accepted Answer

A) legal problems. 
B) financial problems. 
C) interpersonal problems only. 
D) behavioural, emotional, and interpersonal problems.

Question 13

________ allows psychotherapists to place persons in situations to confront and eliminate their fears that would either be infeasible or difficult to do in real life.

Accepted Answer

A) Exposure therapy 
B) Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing 
C) Implosive therapy 
D) Virtual reality exposure therapy

Question 14

Identify and discuss the similarities and differences between the Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)and controlled drinking approaches to treating alcoholism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and discuss the similarities and differences...

Question 15

Your friend Maria asks you why seeing a mental health professional rather than a paraprofessional may be a better choice. You explain that

Accepted Answer

A) professional helpers appreciate the complex ethical, professional, and personal issues. 
B) professional helpers understand how to operate ineffectively within the mental health system. 
C) professional helpers are less confident, less defensive, and better able to appreciate clients' world view. 
D) professional helpers provide services in crisis intervention centres and other social service agencies.

Question 16

John slipped up last night at a party and had a glass of wine. He called his relapse prevention therapist immediately who told him it was okay, and that he needed to refocus on his sobriety and what led him to take that drink in the first place. John needed this validation and support to avoid ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the abstinence violation effect 
B) the difference violation effect 
C) the resistance violation effect 
D) the continence violation effect

Question 17

Ralph has been disruptive and misbehaving in 5th grade for the last three months. His therapist understands that this behaviour stems from repeated teasing that Ralph has been subjected to. Ralph's therapist demonstrates how Ralph can cope with the teasing, and then he guides him through the steps of the situation until Ralph can cope unassisted. This is known as

Accepted Answer

A) therapist rehearsing. 
B) therapist modelling. 
C) participant rehearsing. 
D) participant modelling.

Question 18

Antianxiety, antidepressant, or antipsychotic medications are most frequently prescribed by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) clinical psychologists 
B) clinical social workers 
C) pastoral counsellors 
D) psychiatrists

Question 19

As many as ________ per cent of participants drop out within three months of joining Alcoholics Anonymous.

Accepted Answer

A) 48 
B) 58 
C) 68 
D) 78

Question 20

Dr Johnson tells her students not to think of a white rabbit during the lecture. Within a few seconds, many students report that they have already thought of a white rabbit. This casts doubt on

Accepted Answer

A) all claims made by the psychoanalytic or psychodynamic therapies. 
B) the existence of repressed memories from traumatic events. 
C) the importance of insight as a therapeutic goal. 
D) the usefulness of active listening as a therapeutic technique.

Exam 17: Psychological and Biological Treatments

Systematic desensitisation was developed in and gradually exposes clients to situations through the use of imagined scenes.