Question 1

________ studies collect data from the same individuals over a period of time to track age changes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cross-sectional
B)  Continual
C)  Contiguous
D)  Longitudinal D

Question 2

Psychologist Mary Ainsworth developed the ________ test in order to assess the different types of attachment that might exist between a child and his or her primary caregiver.

Accepted Answer

A)  separation-reunification
B)  separation
C)  strange situation
D)  attachment schema C

Question 3

Which of the following statements is representative of Vygotsky's approach to learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  One's course of cognitive development is genetically fixed and cannot be significantly influenced by social factors.
B)  One's course of cognitive development can be significantly influenced by instructional style and scaffolding.
C)  All children pass through the same cognitive developmental stages at similar points in time.
D)  To prevent frustration, children should be presented with tasks that they can fully complete unaided. B

Question 4

Which of the following parenting styles is associated with the most favourable outcomes for children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Uninvolved
B)  Permissive
C)  Authoritarian
D)  Authoritative

Question 5

Environmental factors that can exert a negative impact on prenatal development are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Environmental factors that can exert a negative...

Question 6

Charmaine is interested in going to graduate school to gain expertise into the way in which people's behaviours change over the course of their lives. The type of programme that Charmaine should be applying to is ________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  developmental
B)  child
C)  social
D)  ecological

Question 7

Karla can speed on a certain stretch of the interstate without being ticketed, yet she decides not to speed because it is unlawful. Karla's reasoning reflects ________ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A)  preconventional
B)  conventional
C)  postconventional
D)  formal conventional

Question 8

Which psychologist investigated the different types of attachment through the use of the "strange situation" experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  John Bowlby
B)  Konrad Lorenz
C)  Harry Harlow
D)  Mary Ainsworth

Question 9

According to Piaget, egocentrism involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the perception that others view the world as you do.
B)  the perception that others view the world differently than you do.
C)  the perception that you might be incorrect in your judgements.
D)  the perception that you are better than others.

Question 10

Which research method is most suitable for studying factors that influence behavioural change over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Longitudinal
B)  Cohort
C)  Cross-sectional
D)  Correlational

Question 11

The termination of menstruation signalling the end of a woman's reproductive potential is termed ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The termination of menstruation signalling the end...

Question 12

________ adulthood is a period during a person's late teens and early 20s in which they still depend on their parents for financial and emotional support.

Accepted Answer

A)  Early
B)  Emerging
C)  Transitional
D)  Adolescent

Question 13

Some children who were observed did not demonstrate one consistent attachment style, but instead seemed unable to decide how they should react to their mother and to new circumstances. Researchers have labelled this the ________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

A)  secure
B)  disorganised
C)  insecure-anxious
D)  insecure-avoidant

Question 14

The research of Michael Hermanussen and colleagues found that physical development is marked by "mini growth spurts" that occur every 30 to 55 days in people as old as ________ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  16
B)  25
C)  40
D)  65

Question 15

Puberty is associated with the onset of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  menopause
B)  menarche
C)  dementia
D)  generativity

Question 16

An individual's ability to handle their given roles in society is called their ________ age, and it may be a better indicator of that person's readiness to retire from work then chronological age.

Accepted Answer

A)  biological
B)  social
C)  psychological
D)  functional

Question 17

Piaget's theory of ________ development focuses on ways in which children learn, think, reason, and remember.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Piaget's theory of ________ development focuses on...

Question 18

When siblings Marcia and Greg come home from school, Marcia is expected to clean any dishes that have been left in the kitchen and to vacuum the family room rug. Greg, on the other hand, is expected to take out the trash and, when needed, to mow the lawn. These different responsibilities are examples of gender ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  roles
B)  identities
C)  rules
D)  schemas

Question 19

Kohlberg's theory of how ________ develops focuses on how people reason about right and wrong behaviours.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kohlberg's theory of how ________ develops focuses...

Question 20

Piaget suggested that children do not develop object permanence until between eight and 12 months of age. The research of Renee Baillargeon has found that this skill may develop much earlier. What was the difference that allowed Baillargeon to find such an earlier development of object permanence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Baillargeon substituted monkey infants for human infants, and generalised her findings from the earlier development of object permanence in the monkey infants.
B)  Baillargeon removed a parent from the room so that the child could stop using the parent as a "reference tool" for finding the object on their own.
C)  Baillargeon added the element of "emotional connection" by using objects for which the children she studied had a particular affinity.
D)  Baillargeon eliminated the need for a child to have the motor skills necessary to display object permanence and focused instead on the patterns of their gazes.

Exam 10: Human Development