Question 1

What is the primary indication for dobutamine HCl in advanced cardiac life support?

Accepted Answer

A) ventricular tachycardia 
B) ventricular fibrillation 
C) decreased cardiac contractility 
D) systemic hypertension

Question 2

Causes of ventricular fibrillation include which of the following?
I.damage to the sinoatrial node
II.digitalis overdose
III.severe hypoxia
IV.myocardial infarction (MI)

Accepted Answer

A) II and IV 
B) I, II and III 
C) II, III, and IV 
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 3

Which of the following is FALSE about oropharyngeal airways?

Accepted Answer

A) Incorrect placement can worsen airway obstruction. 
B) They all consist of a flange, body, and channel(s). 
C) They should only be used by trained personnel. 
D) They are contraindicated in children and infants.

Question 4

A patient in the emergency department exhibits signs of acute upper airway obstruction and is concurrently having severe seizures that make it impossible to open the mouth. In this case, what would be the adjunct airway of choice?

Accepted Answer

A) oropharyngeal airway 
B) oral endotracheal tube 
C) nasopharyngeal airway 
D) tracheostomy tube

Question 5

Two prior attempts at defibrillation of an adult patient in ventricular fibrillation have been unsuccessful. At this time, what would you recommend?

Accepted Answer

A) Switch to synchronous countershock (cardioversion). 
B) Apply subsequent shocks at 200 J. 
C) Immediately deliver three to five precordial thumps. 
D) Get larger paddles and apply more electrolyte gel.

Question 6

Which of the following is the drug of choice for a patient with stable ventricular tachycardia?

Accepted Answer

A) sodium bicarbonate 
B) amiodarone 
C) atropine 
D) epinephrine

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true about the use of oxygen during advanced cardiac life support (ACLS)?

Accepted Answer

A) Expired air ventilation is sufficient during provision of ACLS. 
B) The highest possible FIO2 should be applied as quickly as possible. 
C) Lack of oxygen (hypoxia) has little effect on other ACLS procedures. 
D) An FIO2 of 0.5 is most optimal for avoiding toxicity.

Question 8

During properly performed external chest compression on infants, how should the middle and index fingers be positioned?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 finger width above the tip of the xiphoid 
B) 1.0 to 1.5 inches above the tip of the xiphoid 
C) 1.0 to 1.5 inches below the tip of the manubrium 
D) in the middle of an imaginary line across the chest connecting the nipples

Question 9

What is the proper rate of external chest compressions for infants?

Accepted Answer

A) 80/min 
B) 100/min 
C) 120/min 
D) 140/min

Question 10

When used as an airway adjunct for CPR, an ideal mask should have which of the following characteristics?
I.constructed of opaque material
II.include an inlet for supplemental oxygen
III.capable of a tight seal against the face
IV.standard 15/22 mm connection

Accepted Answer

A) II and IV 
B) I, II, and III 
C) II, III, and IV 
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 11

Should the initial attempt to ventilate fail, which of the following actions would you suggest?

Accepted Answer

A) Reposition the victim's head and repeat the effort. 
B) Place a handkerchief over the victim's mouth and continue. 
C) Use the jaw-thrust maneuver instead of the head-tilt and chin-lift. 
D) Immediately perform the Heimlich maneuver (abdominal thrusts).

Question 12

What is the primary drug agent used to treat idioventricular rhythms, nodal bradycardia, and sinus arrest?

Accepted Answer

A) sodium nitroprusside 
B) procainamide HCl 
C) dopamine HCl 
D) atropine sulfate

Question 13

If successive efforts to open a hospitalized patient's obstructed fail, which of the following emergency procedures might be considered?
I.laryngoscopy
II.transtracheal catheterization
III.cricothyrotomy
IV.tracheotomy

Accepted Answer

A) II and IV 
B) I, II, and III 
C) III and IV 
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 14

A patient with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) at a rate of 195/min is developing symptoms of shock and unconsciousness. At this time, what would you recommend?

Accepted Answer

A) vagal stimulation through carotid sinus massage 
B) administration of a strong $\beta$-adrenergic agent 
C) synchronous electrical shock (cardioversion) 
D) administration of a bolus of intravenous lidocaine

Question 15

After successive abdominal thrusts, the patient becomes unconscious and the airway still appears obstructed. What is the next appropriate action?

Accepted Answer

A) Rescuer should move the patient to the ground, activate EMS system, and begin CPR. 
B) Halt efforts to clear the airway and decompress the stomach. 
C) Try to remove the obstructing material manually (finger sweep). 
D) Immediately apply a series of strong back blows to the patient.

Question 16

After successful resuscitation, the heart rate of neonate being ventilated with 100% oxygen drops to 50/min. What should you do now?

Accepted Answer

A) Assess the infant's peripheral pulses. 
B) Begin external chest compressions at 120 or more per minute. 
C) Continue to observe the infant for signs of shock. 
D) Begin external chest compressions at 50/min.

Question 17

The automatic external defibrillator will indicate that a shock is needed if it detects which of the following rhythms:
I.bradycardia
II.atrial fibrillation
III.ventricular fibrillation
IV.ventricular tachycardia

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) I and II only 
C) III and IV only 
D) I, II, and IV only

Question 18

When are nasopharyngeal airways contraindicated?
I.when foreign body obstruction already exists
II.in neonatal or pediatric patients
III.in cases of trauma to the nasal region
IV.when the jaws of a patient cannot be separated

Accepted Answer

A) II and IV 
B) II and III 
C) II, III, and IV 
D) I, II, and III

Question 19

In order to deliver as high a concentration of oxygen as possible with a manual resuscitator, what would you do?
I.	Use the highest recommended oxygen input flow.
II.	Use the longest possible refill time.
III.	Connect an oxygen reservoir to the bag.

Accepted Answer

A) I and II 
B) II and III 
C) I and III 
D) I, II, and III

Question 20

For which of the following arrhythmias is an electronic pacemaker indicated?

Accepted Answer

A) symptomatic bradycardia 
B) sinus tachycardia 
C) first-degree heart block 
D) ventricular fibrillation

Exam 34: Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

What is the primary indication for dobutamine HCl in advanced cardiac life support?

Causes of ventricular fibrillation include which of the following? I.damage to the sinoatrial node II.digitalis overdose III.severe hypoxia IV.myocardial infarction (MI)

Which of the following is FALSE about oropharyngeal airways?

A patient in the emergency department exhibits signs of acute upper airway obstruction and is concurrently having severe seizures that make it impossible to open the mouth. In this case, what would be the adjunct airway of choice?

Two prior attempts at defibrillation of an adult patient in ventricular fibrillation have been unsuccessful. At this time, what would you recommend?

Which of the following is the drug of choice for a patient with stable ventricular tachycardia?

Which of the following statements is true about the use of oxygen during advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) ?

During properly performed external chest compression on infants, how should the middle and index fingers be positioned?

What is the proper rate of external chest compressions for infants?

When used as an airway adjunct for CPR, an ideal mask should have which of the following characteristics? I.constructed of opaque material II.include an inlet for supplemental oxygen III.capable of a tight seal against the face IV.standard 15/22 mm connection

Should the initial attempt to ventilate fail, which of the following actions would you suggest?

What is the primary drug agent used to treat idioventricular rhythms, nodal bradycardia, and sinus arrest?

If successive efforts to open a hospitalized patient's obstructed fail, which of the following emergency procedures might be considered? I.laryngoscopy II.transtracheal catheterization III.cricothyrotomy IV.tracheotomy

A patient with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) at a rate of 195/min is developing symptoms of shock and unconsciousness. At this time, what would you recommend?

After successive abdominal thrusts, the patient becomes unconscious and the airway still appears obstructed. What is the next appropriate action?

After successful resuscitation, the heart rate of neonate being ventilated with 100% oxygen drops to 50/min. What should you do now?

The automatic external defibrillator will indicate that a shock is needed if it detects which of the following rhythms: I.bradycardia II.atrial fibrillation III.ventricular fibrillation IV.ventricular tachycardia

When are nasopharyngeal airways contraindicated? I.when foreign body obstruction already exists II.in neonatal or pediatric patients III.in cases of trauma to the nasal region IV.when the jaws of a patient cannot be separated

In order to deliver as high a concentration of oxygen as possible with a manual resuscitator, what would you do? I. Use the highest recommended oxygen input flow. II. Use the longest possible refill time. III. Connect an oxygen reservoir to the bag.

For which of the following arrhythmias is an electronic pacemaker indicated?