Question 1

Who is responsible for the motivation theory that proposes that the determinants of job satisfaction are not the same as those that determine job dissatisfaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Victor Vroom 
B) Albert Bandura 
C) Frederick Herzberg 
D) J. Stacy Adams

Question 2

According to Hackman and Oldham (1980), which of these is a core job dimension?

Accepted Answer

A) autonomy 
B) experienced responsibility 
C) contextual performance 
D) self-actualization

Question 3

Paul is an HR manager who wants to motivate his employees using the job characteristics theory to guide his efforts. One step Paul should take is to:

Accepted Answer

A) redesign jobs to be high on skill, variety, and autonomy. 
B) help employees reduce their inputs and increase their outcomes. 
C) improve employees' salaries and working conditions. 
D) set difficult, specific goals for his employees.

Question 4

In organizational behavior management (OBM), the approach that focuses on the antecedents of behaviors, the behaviors themselves, and the consequences of the behaviors is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) management by objectives. 
B) applied behavior analysis. 
C) job enrichment. 
D) job autonomy.

Question 5

According to equity theory, which of the following is an outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) abilities 
B) efforts 
C) education level 
D) feelings of satisfaction

Question 6

Sahu has set a goal to have her assigned textbook chapters read by Thursday of each week. She realizes that she is much more likely to rush through the reading on Sunday instead. According to control theory, what is Sahu's likely response?

Accepted Answer

A) She will feel helpless and will give up studying altogether. 
B) She will feel bad that she is missing her goals but will not be motivated to change her behavior. 
C) She will see the discrepancy between her goal and her behavior and will be more motivated to start studying earlier. 
D) She will talk to her friends to see if they think she should continue to pursue this goal.

Question 7

What are the three main strategies an employee might use to reduce feelings of inequity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the three main strategies an...

Question 8

Katy cannot attain her growth needs, so she refocuses her energy on satisfying her relatedness needs. Her situation would be best explained by:

Accepted Answer

A) Alderfer's frustration-regression hypothesis. 
B) Herzberg's two-factor theory. 
C) job characteristics theory. 
D) positive psychology.

Question 9

Which of these is one of the steps involved in the behavioral approach to human resources management?

Accepted Answer

A) targeting behaviors that need to be changed 
B) examining the links between job descriptions and job specifications 
C) assessing employees' feelings of justice 
D) developing an action plan to describe how managers will achieve their goals

Question 10

According to Bandura, which of these is a component of self-regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) self-mitigation 
B) self-evaluation 
C) self-construal 
D) self-esteem

Question 11

_____ theories suggest that motivation is linked to the manner in which individuals monitor their own behaviors and adjust those behaviors in the pursuit of goals.

Accepted Answer

A) Self-determination 
B) Self-regulation 
C) Cognitive choice 
D) Need

Question 12

According to two-factor theory, "recognition" is an example of a(n) _____, and "supervision" is an example of a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A) hygiene; motivator 
B) motivator; hygiene 
C) esteem need; relatedness need 
D) existence need; growth need

Question 13

Kia has received a poor grade in a class. When she visits her professor to discuss it, he explains in detail how her grade was decided, but he is very rude towards Kia. Kia likely experiences high _____ justice and low _____ justice.

Accepted Answer

A) distributive; procedural 
B) informational; interactional 
C) distributive; informational 
D) interactional; informational

Question 14

Maslow's love needs correspond to Alderfer's _____ needs.

Accepted Answer

A) existence 
B) rational 
C) growth 
D) relatedness

Question 15

Provide an example of how someone might craft a job, and how this crafting might affect motivation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an example of how someone might...

Question 16

If you were assigned to increase the job enrichment of a retail salesperson, what would you do? Hint: Link your ideas to the core job dimensions of job characteristics theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you were assigned to increase the...

Question 17

Research has found that providing external reinforcement reduces intrinsic motivation. This phenomenon is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A) no free lunch effect. 
B) Lake Wobegon effect. 
C) overjustification effect. 
D) growth needs strength effect.

Question 18

Which statement BEST describes the finding of Stajkovic and Luthan's (1997) meta-analysis on organizational behavior management (OBM)?

Accepted Answer

A) Companies that used OBM experienced significant performance improvements. 
B) Companies that used OBM found that subjective performance increased, while objective performance decreased. 
C) Approximately 50% of companies found that OBM damaged performance. 
D) OBM appears to have no meaningful effect on performance.

Question 19

_____ is a context in which employees have the flexibility to customize or modify their own jobs.

Accepted Answer

A) Job creation 
B) Job crafting 
C) Job flex 
D) Job plasticity

Question 20

According to goal-setting theory, people will perform best when:

Accepted Answer

A) they do not have any goals. 
B) they are assigned specific and difficult goals. 
C) they are assigned general and difficult goals. 
D) they are assigned specific and easy goals.

Exam 9: Motivation