Question 1

Larry wants to use organizational behavior management to help motivate his employees. What is the first step he should take?

Accepted Answer

A)  identify what behaviors need to be changed
B)  measure the behaviors he wants to change in order to get a baseline
C)  evaluate the success of the intervention by comparing current behaviors to a baseline
D)  examine the links between the targeted behaviors and current rewards and punishments A

Question 2

Job enrichment relies heavily on which motivational theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  expectancy theory
B)  equity theory
C)  goal-setting theory
D)  job characteristics theory D

Question 3

New research examining equity sensitivity suggests that _____ are fairly tolerant of underreward inequity, whereas _____ are fairly tolerant of overreward inequity.

Accepted Answer

A)  benevolents; entitleds
B)  entitleds; benevolents
C)  grandees; proles
D)  proles; grandees A

Question 4

Which of the following needs is included in Maslow's hierarchy?

Accepted Answer

A)  esteem
B)  identification
C)  growth
D)  altruism

Question 5

Work motivation is a force that drives people to behave in a way that energizes, _____, and sustains work behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  directs
B)  devotes
C)  limits
D)  decreases

Question 6

According to the two-factor theory, which of the following is an example of a motivator?

Accepted Answer

A)  recognition
B)  salary
C)  working conditions
D)  supervision

Question 7

According to Locke, what are the four ways in which goals affect behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Locke, what are the four...

Question 8

Melania is not interested in fulfilling higher order needs. She wants to go to her job, do the same thing every day, and go home and not think about her work. She has no desire to learn or get promoted. In this case, Hackman and Oldham might suggest Melania has low:

Accepted Answer

A)  positive psychology
B)  self-transcendence
C)  cognitive evaluation
D)  growth need strength

Question 9

Which of these recommendations is supported by the job characteristics model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Job tasks should be simple and repetitive.
B)  Employees should understand how their efforts lead to meaningful outcomes.
C)  Employees with high levels of growth need strength should not be allowed to assume personal responsibility for their work.
D)  Supervisors should avoid giving regular constructive feedback to employees.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the research on equity theory is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research suggests that if people believe they are overpaid, they will increase their inputs.
B)  Research suggests that if people believe they are underpaid, they will refuse to continue working.
C)  Research suggests that if people believe they are underpaid, the quality of their work may become lower.
D)  Research suggests that if people believe they are overpaid, they will ask for a pay cut.

Question 11

_____ is the systematic study of dispositional and situational variables that influence the behaviors and experiences of individuals and groups at work.

Accepted Answer

A)  Management by objectives
B)  Organizational psychology
C)  Industrial psychology
D)  Human factors

Question 12

An individual's interest in, and concern with, fairness-related activities in a workplace is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  organizational justice.
B)  equity sensitivity.
C)  self-regulation.
D)  cognitive dissonance.

Question 13

Work motivation is a force that drives people to behave in a way that energizes, directs, and _____ work behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  identifies
B)  prevents
C)  sustains
D)  suppresses

Question 14

Provide an example of an effective goal you might set for yourself if you want to improve your study habits. Explain how this example illustrates the characteristics of an effective goal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an example of an effective goal...

Question 15

Draw a model that depicts the components of job characteristics theory. What does research tell us about this theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw a model that depicts the components...

Question 16

Ella has learned that she will not be getting a bonus this year. She is particularly upset about this because her supervisor has not explained why she won't be getting the bonus and was rude to her when he told her the news. Ella is likely upset because of the low level of:

Accepted Answer

A)  distributive justice.
B)  procedural justice.
C)  interactional justice.
D)  individual justice.

Question 17

Pilar perceives inequity because when she compares her input/outcome ratio to that of Blake's, the ratios are not equal. Pilar produces excellent work but does not receive the pay that Blake receives. According to equity theory, one way Pilar can reduce her perceived inequity is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  improve the quality of her work.
B)  increase her inputs by obtaining more education.
C)  increase the value she places on outcomes, such as pay.
D)  alter her perceptions about her ratio by comparing herself to a coworker who earns a lower salary.

Question 18

Which statement BEST summarizes the empirical support for Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is easily testable, and a great deal of research supports it.
B)  It is easily testable, and a great deal of research refutes it.
C)  It is difficult to test, and thus few empirical studies have investigated it.
D)  Research has mainly been conducted by business managers, and this evidence shows strong support for the theory.

Question 19

Which of these is a stage in the management by objectives process?

Accepted Answer

A)  hiring a project manager
B)  conducting a job analysis
C)  setting subordinate performance objectives
D)  examining the links between current rewards and subordinate behaviors

Question 20

Angie perceives inequity because when she compares her input/outcome ratio to that of Sally's, the ratios are not equal. Angie frequently volunteers to work many more hours than Sally, but she receives smaller bonuses compared to what Sally receives. According to equity theory, one way Angie can reduce her perceived inequity is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the value she places on outcomes such as bonuses.
B)  increase her commitment to achieve a $1,000 bonus.
C)  stop volunteering to work extra hours.
D)  devote more time to conducting a self-evaluation.

Exam 9: Motivation