Question 1

According to Jeffrey Arnett, the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood is described as

Accepted Answer

A)  formal operational stage.
B)  late adulthood.
C)  emerging adulthood.
D)  concrete operational stage. C

Question 2

According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to young children's

Accepted Answer

A)  self-centered arrogance.
B)  exaggerated interest in pleasure.
C)  inability to take another person's perspective.
D)  difficulty in realizing that things continue to exist even when they are not visible. C

Question 3

Which of the following is a difference between older and younger adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Younger adults are usually wiser than older adults.
B)  Older adults process information faster than younger adults.
C)  Younger adults do better than older adults in most aspects of memory.
D)  Older adults take lesser time than younger adults to remember information about world knowledge. C

Question 4

A(n) _____ is any agent that causes a birth defect.

Accepted Answer

A)  androgen
B)  teratogen
C)  progestogen
D)  estrogen

Question 5

Which of the following refers to a period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor stage
B)  preoperational stage
C)  puberty
D)  menopause

Question 6

Annie, a 20-year-old, is in Erikson's stage of intimacy vs.isolation.Which of the following statements is true of Annie at this particular stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  She will gain the ability to plan for herself, or will live within the limits of others.
B)  She will learn to meet the demands of life, or will start to feel more inferior.
C)  She will acquire a sense of self, or will become confused about her role in life.
D)  She will form meaningful relationships, or will become socially segregated from others.

Question 7

According to Hyde, the gender similarities hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A)  is the understanding of a gender schema without the cultural factors.
B)  can be confirmed by the John/Joan case.
C)  is the idea that men and women (and boys and girls)  are much more similar than they are different.
D)  explains the contradiction between environmental factors and gender similarities.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true of the development of the brain in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  The synaptic connections decrease drastically during childhood.
B)  The connection between neurons is the highest at birth.
C)  The process of myelination begins prenatally.
D)  The process of myelination stops at adolescence.

Question 9

Behavior that is intended to benefit other people is called

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral casp.
B)  egocentric behavior.
C)  prosocial behavior.
D)  ethical behavior.

Question 10

Which stage of cognitive development involves replacing intuitive reasoning with logical reasoning in concrete situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensorimotor
B)  preoperational
C)  concrete operational
D)  egocentric

Question 11

What role do parents and peers play in adolescent development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What role do parents and peers play...

Question 12

Sammy is in third grade.When he won the spelling bee, he felt proud of his accomplishment.But when he could not complete his arithmetic assignment on time, he felt incompetent.Which of Erikson's developmental stages does this reflect?

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomy vs.shame and guilt
B)  initiative vs.guilt
C)  industry vs.inferiority
D)  trust vs.mistrust

Question 13

_____ is the specialization of function in one hemisphere of the brain or the other.

Accepted Answer

A)  Habituation
B)  Lateralization
C)  Assimilation
D)  Accommodation

Question 14

A child decides to steal a small item from a neighborhood store in order to be accepted into the Hawk Club.The child reasons that the stealing behavior is acceptable because it is what his friends expect of him.According to Kohlberg, this child is operating at the _____ level.

Accepted Answer

A)  preconventional
B)  postconventional
C)  universal ethical
D)  conventional

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of teratogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  They exclude substances ingested by mother, such as nicotine or alcohol.
B)  The effects of chemical teratogens depend on the timing of exposure.
C)  They refer to the birth defect caused by radiation.
D)  The development of a fetus is typically enhanced by teratogens.

Question 16

Chloe is a baby who cries a lot.She does not eat or sleep on a regular schedule and she often has difficulty adapting to new experiences.Psychologists would say that Chloe's temperament can be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  difficult.
B)  easy.
C)  slow-to-warm-up.
D)  defiant.

Question 17

Richie's parents let him do whatever he wants.They place no demands on him, and they place no rules or restrictions on his behavior.Richie's parents have a(n) _____ parenting style.

Accepted Answer

A)  permissive
B)  authoritarian
C)  authoritative
D)  neglectful

Question 18

According to James Marcia, the two dimensions of identity are

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament and attachment.
B)  exploration and commitment.
C)  parenting style and attachment.
D)  accommodation and assimilation.

Question 19

Developmental psychologists use the term _____ to refer to a person's genes or biological inheritance.

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodation
B)  nurture
C)  assimilation
D)  nature

Question 20

Baby Janice knows that when she is put in the highchair, it is time to eat.So when her father puts her in the highchair and hands her a book, Janice puts the corner of the book in her mouth.According to Piaget, Janice's behavior can be best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  schematic thinking.
B)  the assimilation process.
C)  the accommodation process.
D)  deferred imitation.

Exam 8: Human Development