Question 1

When an individual studies specifically to avoid his or her parent's disapproval, then the individual's attitude toward studying is most likely a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization.
B)  self-regulation.
C)  extrinsic motivation.
D)  intrinsic motivation. C

Question 2

Motivated behavior is

Accepted Answer

A)  energized, directed, and sustained.
B)  excitatory, disoriented, and dynamic.
C)  logical, analytical, and unmanageable.
D)  reflexive, reflective, and adaptive. A

Question 3

Explain the optimum arousal theory.

Accepted Answer

When we are very excited, our arousal levels are high.When we are bored, they are low.You have probably noticed that motivation influences arousal levels.Sometimes you can want something (for example, to do well on a test) so much that you feel "overmotivated" and anxious.On the other hand, you might be so unmotivated for a task (such as doing dishes) that you can hardly force yourself to complete it.
Early in the twentieth century, two psychologists described how arousal can influence performance.According to their formulation, now known as the Yerkes-Dodson law, performance is best under conditions of moderate arousal rather than either low or high arousal.At the low end of arousal, you may be too lethargic to perform tasks well; at the high end, you may not be able to concentrate.
The relationship between arousal and performance is one reason that individuals who have to perform well under stressful conditions (such as EMTs and lifeguards) are trained to overlearn important procedures so that they do not require much thought.With this extra learning, when these individuals are under conditions of high arousal, they can rely on automatic pilot to do what needs to be done.

Question 4

The feeling of hunger that initiates the act of opening a refrigerator for food best represents a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  instinct.
B)  objective.
C)  drive.
D)  reflex.

Question 5

Describe the James-Lange theory and Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the James-Lange theory and Cannon-Bard theory...

Question 6

The broaden-and-build model begins with

Accepted Answer

A)  the adaptiveness of negative emotions.
B)  the influence of positive emotions on cognitive processing.
C)  the difference between high and low arousal emotions.
D)  the discrepancies between Plutchik's and Tompkins' models.

Question 7

Debbie is interested in working on projects that will help fight childhood obesity.She is offered a job in a laboratory where researchers are studying the effects of leptin on weight control.Is the job relevant to Debbie's interest?

Accepted Answer

A)  No, leptin is only relevant to animal weight control.
B)  No, leptin is a neurotransmitter that is associated with memory.
C)  Yes, leptin is a hormone that is involved in blood-sugar regulation.
D)  Yes, leptin is a hormone that is linked to human weight loss.

Question 8

Relatedness refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the belief that one has the competence to accomplish a given goal or task.
B)  the sense that one can gain skills and overcome obstacles.
C)  the need to engage in warm relations with other people.
D)  the sense that one is in control of one's own life.

Question 9

Competence, relatedness, and autonomy are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsic motivation.
B)  intrinsic motivation.
C)  environmental stimuli.
D)  drive reduction.

Question 10

According to the _____, after the initial perception of a stimulus, the experience of the emotion results from the perception of one's own physiological changes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cannon-Bard theory
B)  two-factor theory of emotion
C)  James-Lange theory
D)  self-determination theory

Question 11

Explain the facial feedback hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the facial feedback hypothesis....

Question 12

A(n) _____ is a physical or biological deprivation that energizes the drive to eliminate or reduce the deprivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  need
B)  drive
C)  instinct
D)  reflex

Question 13

Danielle is a woman of normal weight, whereas Ron is an obese man.Whenever they go out to dinner together, Ron always eats more food.Ron, a psychology major, correctly explains this difference in food intake by pointing out that

Accepted Answer

A)  males release leptin at a slower rate than females.
B)  he has more fat cells than Danielle and he is not satiated until all his fat cells are filled.
C)  the ventromedial hypothalamus of his brain induces in him an urge to take in large portions of food.
D)  males and females have different levels of the hormone cholecystokinin.

Question 14

Edna loves McDonald's sweet tea.Whenever she sees the famous "golden arches," she drives right in and orders a sweet tea.This best illustrates the effect of _____ on her eating behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  learned associations
B)  negative reinforcement
C)  avoidance learning
D)  modeling

Question 15

Dennis works as a salesman at a large retail store.He is happily married and lives in a safe neighborhood.He earns enough money to eat and provide for his family.According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs is Dennis most likely to fulfill next?

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological needs
B)  safety and security
C)  esteem
D)  love and belongingness

Question 16

Kiefer is taking acting classes.His instructor is using Stanislavski's "method-acting" technique, which encourages actors to imitate the behavior of someone feeling that emotion.When Kiefer is playing a scene where his character is sad, his instructor may suggest that he cry in order to feel sadness."Method acting" is most consistent with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  cannon-Bard theory
B)  james-Lange theory
C)  yerkes-Dodson law
D)  self-determination theory

Question 17

In accordance with Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, which of the following factors can best explain a person's difficulty in committing to a relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  financial insecurity
B)  lack of self-actualization
C)  preference to be alone
D)  unfulfilled esteem needs

Question 18

If it is night, we are likely to feel hungry even if we ate a big lunch.This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the effect of learned associations on eating behavior.
B)  the effect of emotional state on eating behavior.
C)  the effect of suggestion on eating behavior.
D)  the effect of mindlessness on eating behavior.

Question 19

_____ are the class of sex hormones that are predominate in females._____ are the class of sex hormones that are predominate in males.

Accepted Answer

A)  Estrogens/Androgens
B)  Androgens/Estrogens
C)  Estrogens/Endorphins
D)  Endorphins/Androgens

Question 20

Which of the following is most related to extrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  relatedness
B)  competence
C)  self-esteem
D)  reward

Exam 9: Motivation and Emotion