Question 1

The nurse is educating a patient regarding the need to avoid foods high in potassium. What food choices led the nurse to conclude that teaching was not effective?

Accepted Answer

A)   Apples and green beans
B)   Kiwis and onions
C)   Apricots and asparagus
D)   Grapes and lima beans C

Question 2

When a patient takes substances into the body, they first enter the extracellular compartment. What must the substances enter to carry out their function?

Accepted Answer

A)   Horizontal compartment
B)   Intracellular compartment
C)   Compartmental
D)   Vertical compartment B

Question 3

What should the nurse focus on when creating a nursing care plan for a patient with metabolic acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Frequent periods of ambulation
B)   Increasing fluid intake
C)   Decreasing fluid intake
D)   Deep-breathing exercises D

Question 4

The nurse explains to a patient that the drug Lasix reduces edema by drawing water from the interstitial space into the intravascular space. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

A)   Diffusion
B)   Filtration
C)   Osmosis
D)   Homeostasis

Question 5

The nurse must keep an accurate intake and output record to assess kidney efficiency. In order for the kidneys to remove waste, what is the least amount of hourly urine output the kidneys must produce to remove waste?

Accepted Answer

A)   10 mL
B)   20 mL
C)   30 mL
D)   40 mL

Question 6

A patient began vomiting and continued to do so for several hours. What is the result of this loss of stomach contents?

Accepted Answer

A)   Metabolic acidosis
B)   Metabolic alkalosis
C)   Respiratory acidosis
D)   Respiratory alkalosis

Question 7

The nurse explains that a normal adult will lose approximately _____ mL of water through respiration in the course of a day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains that a normal adult...

Question 8

What is the nurse closely assessing for in a patient with hypokalemia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Systemic edema
B)   Cardiac complications
C)   Muscle cramping
D)   Impaired kidney function

Question 9

When reading the laboratory report of a patient with excessive diarrhea, the nurse notes that the pH is 7.10, and the PaCO? and the PaO? are normal. What should the nurse recognize as this patient's state from this information alone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Respiratory acidosis
B)   Metabolic acidosis
C)   Respiratory alkalosis
D)   Metabolic alkalosis

Question 10

Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the body. The location of electrolytes is important for maintaining homeostasis. Sodium is the major electrolyte in which fluid compartment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Intracellular
B)   Intravascular
C)   Extracellular
D)   Interstitial

Question 11

What should the nurse expect when assessing a patient with respiratory alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Slow respirations
B)   Muscle weakness
C)   Strong, even heart rate
D)   Flushed face

Question 12

The nurse expects an adult with normal kidney function to void a minimum of ____ mL of urine in 4 hours.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse expects an adult with normal...

Question 13

Electrolytes are not measured by weight; their chemical activity is expressed in milliequivalents. What does 1 milliequivalent of potassium have the same combining power as?

Accepted Answer

A)   1 mEq of nitrogen
B)   1 mEq of oxygen
C)   1 mEq of hydrogen
D)   1 mEq of magnesium

Question 14

Three body systems work at different speeds to keep the pH in the narrow range of normal. What is the order of effectiveness for these three systems?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood buffers, kidneys, and lungs
B)   Kidneys, lungs, and blood buffers
C)   Blood buffers, lungs, and kidneys
D)   Lungs, kidneys, and blood buffers

Question 15

The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis. What is the recommended daily amount of fluid for an adult?

Accepted Answer

A)   1000 mL
B)   1500 mL
C)   2050 mL
D)   2500 mL

Question 16

What are the three types of passive transport? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Diffusion
B)   Titration
C)   Osmosis
D)   Distillation
E)   Filtration

Question 17

The lactating mother is counseled by the nurse to eat adequate amounts of meat and legumes. What level will this help to increase?

Accepted Answer

A)   Potassium
B)   Chloride
C)   Magnesium
D)   Phosphorus

Question 18

The nurse weighs a patient at the same time of day with the same scale and same clothing. What is this a simple and accurate method of determining?

Accepted Answer

A)   An accurate weight
B)   Water balance
C)   Adequate nutrition
D)   Urinary output

Question 19

A child has been having an asthma attack for the last 8 hours. Because of the child's inability to exhale effectively, the nurse assesses for respiratory __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child has been having an asthma...

Question 20

A patient admitted in a state of extreme anxiety has vital signs of: T 98.6° F, P 81, BP 130/86, R 32. What will result if this hyperventilation continues?

Accepted Answer