Question 1

The reality in management theory suggests that ________.

Accepted Answer

A) an organization's success or failure is due to external forces outside managers' control 
B) managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure 
C) managers operate with internal and external constraints that influence an organization's performance 
D) employees have more influence on success than managers

Question 2

Cultures that tolerate employee expression are most closely related to ethical culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Culture in which organizational values promote a sense of purpose reflects workplace spirituality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

________ contributes more creative solutions and enhances employee morale in support of a strong culture.

Accepted Answer

A) Role clarity 
B) Language 
C) Diversity 
D) Stability

Question 5

The degree of ________ refers to the number of components in an organization's environment and the extent of the knowledge that the organization has about those components.

Accepted Answer

A) stability 
B) flexibility 
C) change 
D) complexity

Question 6

Organizations help employees adapt to the culture through socialization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Managers pay attention to demographics because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) people at certain stage of life cycle can constrain business decisions 
B) more people are retiring early leaving businesses short of employees 
C) frontline employees complain more about having to deal with aggressive customers 
D) company policies usually determine which age groups are more valuable employees

Question 8

Constraints from the external environment has led many organizations to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) implement flexible work arrangements 
B) employ more Baby Boomers 
C) accept increasing business losses 
D) increasing use of technology instead of hiring new employees

Question 9

A dynamic environment is characterized by the absence of new competitors,few technological breakthroughs by current competitors,and little activity by pressure groups to influence the organization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A culture in which organizational values promote a sense of purpose through meaningful work taking place in the context of community is promoting ________.

Accepted Answer

A) strong culture 
B) diversity 
C) innovation 
D) spirituality

Question 11

The soccer league in England is notorious for the number of team managers fired over the course of a single season,which stands at no fewer than eight managers on average,owing to poor team form and consequently,poor results.It is evident from this information that the league endorses a(n)________ view of management.

Accepted Answer

A) symbolic 
B) omnipotent 
C) democratic 
D) autocratic

Question 12

The degree to which employees are expected to exhibit precision and attention to detail is called "outcome orientation."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following statements highlights the shared aspect of culture?

Accepted Answer

A) Organizational culture is concerned with how members perceive the culture and describe it,not with whether they like it. 
B) The original source of the culture of an organization reflects the vision of the organization's founders. 
C) Even though individuals may have different backgrounds or work at different organizational levels,they tend to describe the organization's culture in similar terms. 
D) The dominant source of the culture of an organization reflects the vision of the organization's most prominent managers.

Question 14

Focusing on Contemporary Lifestyles at Mario's Morsels (Scenario)
Mario Milano finished closing his busy upscale restaurant after another very late night. He had just sent the last of his exhausted employees home and sank gratefully into the deep easy chair in the small back office. He felt that he had been running on empty for the last four months since the restaurant reviews had come out and rated Morsels as the best new restaurant in town. He could feel his fatigue and noticed that his loyal employees felt the same. In fact he had heard some of them discussing how they had been running ragged with not enough time off or even a chance to enjoy the work. With several of his kitchen staff dealing also with families, the situation was becoming untenable. Mario pulled out a business magazine that had caught his eye earlier with the word "spirituality" on the cover. Brought up in a strongly religious home he understood the concept. But what did spirituality have to do with any workplace? He was intrigued and decided to read though focusing on the cultural characteristics of an organization that related to spirituality.
-After finishing the article on the five cultural characteristics of a spiritual organization Mario understood that the lack of community employees feel at the workplace is mostly based on ________.

Accepted Answer

A) contemporary stressful lifestyles 
B) low pay and lack of benefits 
C) changing external environment 
D) reliance on control by managers

Question 15

Manifestations of Culture (Scenario)
Jacob is vice-president of human resources at Z-Mart, a large chain of department stores with 120 locations across Canada. He is developing a short orientation video to help new employees learn about the organization's culture. The video will begin with the story of Z-Mart's founder, Ziggy Zigwig, and how he started the company with one small store in Hamilton in 1960 and eventually built it into a national chain based on a simple philosophy: "cheaper is better." Today, Ziggy's founding values continue to guide employees and managers as they continually look for ways to reduce prices and pass the savings along to customers. Next, the video will discuss the daily Z-Mart chant, and how each morning the store managers lead all the employees in a rousing store anthem that ends with everyone shouting, "CHEAPER IS BETTER!" The chant usually takes place in the comfortable employee lounges located at the back of every store. Finally, the video will explain some of the key terminology used at Z-Mart. For example, all sales clerks are called "associates," managers are called "partners," and a price reduction is affectionately called a "ziggy" as a nod to the company's founder!
-If successful,Jacob's orientation video should help the ________ process that adapts employees to Z-Mart's culture.

Accepted Answer

A) culturalization 
B) association 
C) socialization 
D) assimilation

Question 16

Manifestations of Culture (Scenario)
Jacob is vice-president of human resources at Z-Mart, a large chain of department stores with 120 locations across Canada. He is developing a short orientation video to help new employees learn about the organization's culture. The video will begin with the story of Z-Mart's founder, Ziggy Zigwig, and how he started the company with one small store in Hamilton in 1960 and eventually built it into a national chain based on a simple philosophy: "cheaper is better." Today, Ziggy's founding values continue to guide employees and managers as they continually look for ways to reduce prices and pass the savings along to customers. Next, the video will discuss the daily Z-Mart chant, and how each morning the store managers lead all the employees in a rousing store anthem that ends with everyone shouting, "CHEAPER IS BETTER!" The chant usually takes place in the comfortable employee lounges located at the back of every store. Finally, the video will explain some of the key terminology used at Z-Mart. For example, all sales clerks are called "associates," managers are called "partners," and a price reduction is affectionately called a "ziggy" as a nod to the company's founder!
-The daily Z-Mart chant is as an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) a ritual 
B) a story 
C) a material symbol 
D) cultural language

Question 17

Material symbols include the size of offices,the elegance of furnishings,and executive perks such as health club memberships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Changing Organizational Culture (Scenario)
Jenna has been asked by the company president to change the organizational culture to reflect the company's new organizational goals. As executive vice-president, she certainly understands the goals but is really not sure that she understands what to do about the culture.
-Jenna observed that some departments have developed their own way of doing things based on the shared values and common situations experienced by their members.She has found evidence of ________ in the organization.

Accepted Answer

A) dominant cultures 
B) subcultures 
C) innovative cultures 
D) competing cultures

Question 19

An organizational culture most likely to shape high ethical standards is one that is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) high in risk tolerance,low to moderate in aggressiveness,and focuses on both means and outcomes 
B) low to moderate in risk tolerance,high in aggressiveness,and focuses on both means and outcomes 
C) low in risk tolerance,high in aggressiveness,and focuses primarily on outcomes 
D) high in risk tolerance,high in aggressiveness,and focuses on means rather than outcomes

Question 20

Aggressiveness and attention to detail are two key dimensions of organizational culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: Organizational Culture and the Organizational Environment

The reality in management theory suggests that ________.

Cultures that tolerate employee expression are most closely related to ethical culture.

Culture in which organizational values promote a sense of purpose reflects workplace spirituality.

________ contributes more creative solutions and enhances employee morale in support of a strong culture.

The degree of ________ refers to the number of components in an organization's environment and the extent of the knowledge that the organization has about those components.

Organizations help employees adapt to the culture through socialization.

Managers pay attention to demographics because ________.

Constraints from the external environment has led many organizations to ________.

A dynamic environment is characterized by the absence of new competitors,few technological breakthroughs by current competitors,and little activity by pressure groups to influence the organization.

A culture in which organizational values promote a sense of purpose through meaningful work taking place in the context of community is promoting ________.

The degree to which employees are expected to exhibit precision and attention to detail is called "outcome orientation."

Which of the following statements highlights the shared aspect of culture?

Material symbols include the size of offices,the elegance of furnishings,and executive perks such as health club memberships.

An organizational culture most likely to shape high ethical standards is one that is ________.

Aggressiveness and attention to detail are two key dimensions of organizational culture.