Question 1

A procedure is an explicit statement that tells a manager what he or she can or cannot do.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

A ________ decision is repetitive and can be handled by a routine approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonprogrammed
B)  linear
C)  satisficing
D)  programmed D

Question 3

A programmed decision is a repetitive decision that can be handled by a routine approach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Opinions,preferences,and values of decision-makers are an essential element of evidence-based management.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The final step in the decision-making process is to implement the chosen alternative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

To determine the ________,a manager must identify the factors that are relevant to resolving the problem.

Accepted Answer

A)  effectiveness of the decision
B)  number of feasible alternatives
C)  desired outcomes
D)  decision criteria

Question 7

After identifying a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying decision criteria
B)  analyzing alternatives
C)  developing alternatives
D)  implementing alternatives

Question 8

Which of the following is an assumption of rationality?

Accepted Answer

A)  The problem is ambiguous.
B)  Multiple goals are to be achieved.
C)  Time and cost constraints are known.
D)  All alternatives and consequences are known.

Question 9

In a short essay,describe what a manager can do to make effective decisions in today's fast-moving world.Give examples for each to illustrate your answers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a short essay,describe what a manager...

Question 10

In a short essay,discuss the difference between structured and unstructured problems.Include specific examples of each type of problem to support your answer.Next,discuss the type of decisions that would be used to address each of these problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a short essay,discuss the difference between...

Question 11

Types of Problems and Decisions (Scenario)
It seems Dave spends most of his day making decisions. Every time he turns around, someone wants him to make a decision about something. This morning, the office assistant came in and asked if she could reorder paper for the fax machine. That seemed like a routine decision that he should not have to deal with. If Dave could avoid those types of decisions, then he could focus more time and attention on the more complicated issues, such as the one presented to him by the production supervisor this afternoon. According to the supervisor, a major piece of equipment urgently needs repairs, and the repair bill could cost almost as much as a new machine!
-Dave tells his office assistant that in future,she is authorized to order 10 boxes of fax paper whenever they are down to their last box.To handle this problem,Dave has used a type of decision called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  heuristic
B)  policy
C)  rule
D)  procedure

Question 12

Rules and policies are essentially the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Types of Problems and Decisions (Scenario)
It seems Dave spends most of his day making decisions. Every time he turns around, someone wants him to make a decision about something. This morning, the office assistant came in and asked if she could reorder paper for the fax machine. That seemed like a routine decision that he should not have to deal with. If Dave could avoid those types of decisions, then he could focus more time and attention on the more complicated issues, such as the one presented to him by the production supervisor this afternoon. According to the supervisor, a major piece of equipment urgently needs repairs, and the repair bill could cost almost as much as a new machine!
-The decision about how to handle the equipment repair or replacement is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  programmed
B)  nonprogrammed
C)  unstructured
D)  technical

Question 14

Types of Problems and Decisions (Scenario)
It seems Dave spends most of his day making decisions. Every time he turns around, someone wants him to make a decision about something. This morning, the office assistant came in and asked if she could reorder paper for the fax machine. That seemed like a routine decision that he should not have to deal with. If Dave could avoid those types of decisions, then he could focus more time and attention on the more complicated issues, such as the one presented to him by the production supervisor this afternoon. According to the supervisor, a major piece of equipment urgently needs repairs, and the repair bill could cost almost as much as a new machine!
-Dave believes he should be spending more time making ________ decisions and less time making ________ decisions.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonprogrammed; programmed
B)  programmed; technical
C)  technical; unstructured
D)  unstructured; structured

Question 15

A(n)________ occurs when decision makers incorrectly fixate on past expenditures of time,money,or effort in assessing choices rather than focusing on future consequences.

Accepted Answer

A)  hindsight bias
B)  confirmation bias
C)  overconfidence bias
D)  sunk costs error

Question 16

A ________ is an explicit statement that tells a manager what he or she can or cannot do.

Accepted Answer

A)  procedure
B)  policy
C)  precedent
D)  rule

Question 17

Evidence-based management relies heavily on the decision maker's intuition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Without exception,all employees in customer-service roles must be formally attired at all times.
B)  Before going on a leave of absence,fill up the application form available on the company's online leave management system.All applications will be approved/rejected within two days by the employee's immediate supervisor.
C)  We promote from within,whenever possible.If qualified applicants are available internally,a job posting will be issued by the HR department providing the necessary details about all vacancies.
D)  Employees working with power tools must wear safety glasses at all times.

Question 19

The most efficient way to handle a structured problem is through ________ decision making.

Accepted Answer

A)  linear
B)  unique
C)  focused
D)  programmed

Question 20

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning problem identification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Problems are generally obvious.
B)  A symptom and a problem are basically the same.
C)  Well-trained managers generally agree on what is considered a problem.
D)  The problem must exert some pressure on the manager to act.

Exam 8: Decision Making

A procedure is an explicit statement that tells a manager what he or she can or cannot do.

A ________ decision is repetitive and can be handled by a routine approach.

A programmed decision is a repetitive decision that can be handled by a routine approach.

Opinions,preferences,and values of decision-makers are an essential element of evidence-based management.

The final step in the decision-making process is to implement the chosen alternative.

To determine the ________,a manager must identify the factors that are relevant to resolving the problem.

After identifying a problem,the next step in the decision-making process is ________.

Which of the following is an assumption of rationality?

In a short essay,describe what a manager can do to make effective decisions in today's fast-moving world.Give examples for each to illustrate your answers.

In a short essay,discuss the difference between structured and unstructured problems.Include specific examples of each type of problem to support your answer.Next,discuss the type of decisions that would be used to address each of these problems.

Rules and policies are essentially the same.

A(n) ________ occurs when decision makers incorrectly fixate on past expenditures of time,money,or effort in assessing choices rather than focusing on future consequences.

A ________ is an explicit statement that tells a manager what he or she can or cannot do.

Evidence-based management relies heavily on the decision maker's intuition.

Which of the following is an example of a procedure?

The most efficient way to handle a structured problem is through ________ decision making.

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning problem identification?