Question 1

We are most likely to use this type of approach to a problem if we have time and sufficient motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)   confirmation bias
B)   representativeness heuristic
C)   availability heuristic
D)   algorithm D

Question 2

People are more likely to rely on mental structures when overwhelmed with information. Which of the following statements best reflects that fact

Accepted Answer

A)   People are more likely to use stereotypes when in a crowded, dirty subway station than an empty, clean one.
B)   People are more likely to rely on scripts when they aren't very interested in the interaction.
C)   People are more likely to avoid using schemas when carefully considering information.
D)   People are less likely to use outgroup homogeneity when seeing people as individuals. A

Question 3

Counterfactual thinking occurs when we imagine alternative past events would have led to a different future.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following proverbs is a script that might lead to unequal treatment in a marriage

Accepted Answer

A)   Newlyweds become oldyweds, and oldyweds are the reasons that families work.
B)   Never go to bed mad. Stay up and fight.
C)   A man may work from sun to sun, but a woman's work is never done.
D)   Two things are owed to truthfulness-lasting marriages and short friendships.

Question 5

The inability to reproduce results from the Bargh, Chen, and Burrows study on priming and aging emphasizes the importance of what

Accepted Answer

A)   statistical significance
B)   having a control condition
C)   internal validity
D)   replication

Question 6

When are people less likely to rely on the anchoring and adjustment heuristic

Accepted Answer

A)   when they are relying on the availability heuristic
B)   when they are distracted
C)   when the topic contains emotional content
D)   when they have expertise in the topic discussed

Question 7

"To Thine own self be true" is an endorsement of what

Accepted Answer

A)   conformity
B)   individualism
C)   obedience
D)   collectivism

Question 8

Constant media coverage following 9/11 led many to form false memories about witnessing the events. People likely relied on multiple heuristics to form the memories. Why is this possible

Accepted Answer

A)   Heuristics are typically extremely inaccurate.
B)   Heuristics can act in parallel.
C)   Heuristics usually affect different parts of the brain in different ways.
D)   Heuristics associated with traumatic events are more likely to cause errors.

Question 9

When Caleb was reading the engaging novel, he stopped chewing gum and fidgeting. This is an indication that he engaged in what process

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive load shifting
B)   dual processing
C)   logic
D)   intuition

Question 10

In which situation is logic most likely to be used

Accepted Answer

A)   riding a bicycle
B)   selecting a snack
C)   constructing a business plan
D)   getting dressed

Question 11

Sgt. Tierney experienced a "danger feeling" and ordered his men back without knowing why. Tierney used what skill

Accepted Answer

A)   intuition
B)   logic
C)   cognitive load shifting
D)   dual processing

Question 12

Algorithms are a logical type of problem-solving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What is a collection of associations called

Accepted Answer

A)   mental accessibility
B)   priming
C)   semantic network
D)   heuristics

Question 14

Katrina reports knowing her children are misbehaving when she hears "a certain type of silence." Katrina is likely using intuition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Assuming that everyone outside your group is diverse and unique is called outgroup homogeneity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Participants were asked to remember items they saw in an office. Errors made were not unusual items, but items often found in offices (e.g., a coffee cup). On what were participants likely relying

Accepted Answer

A)   cultural script
B)   stereotype
C)   social script
D)   schema

Question 17

Benefits of what type of thinking include higher levels of happiness and optimism

Accepted Answer

A)   maximizing
B)   satisficing
C)   magical thinking
D)   upward counterfactual thinking

Question 18

What is the simplest answer that explains the most evidence

Accepted Answer

A)   principle of parsimony
B)   mental accessibility
C)   heuristics
D)   priming

Question 19

The principle of parsimony means the simplest answer that explains the least evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

"The most important thing is to be yourself." What values does this statement support

Accepted Answer

A)   conformity
B)   individualism
C)   obedience
D)   collectivism

Exam 4: Social Cognition

We are most likely to use this type of approach to a problem if we have time and sufficient motivation.

People are more likely to rely on mental structures when overwhelmed with information. Which of the following statements best reflects that fact

Counterfactual thinking occurs when we imagine alternative past events would have led to a different future.

Which of the following proverbs is a script that might lead to unequal treatment in a marriage

The inability to reproduce results from the Bargh, Chen, and Burrows study on priming and aging emphasizes the importance of what

When are people less likely to rely on the anchoring and adjustment heuristic

"To Thine own self be true" is an endorsement of what

Constant media coverage following 9/11 led many to form false memories about witnessing the events. People likely relied on multiple heuristics to form the memories. Why is this possible

When Caleb was reading the engaging novel, he stopped chewing gum and fidgeting. This is an indication that he engaged in what process

In which situation is logic most likely to be used

Sgt. Tierney experienced a "danger feeling" and ordered his men back without knowing why. Tierney used what skill

Algorithms are a logical type of problem-solving.

What is a collection of associations called

Katrina reports knowing her children are misbehaving when she hears "a certain type of silence." Katrina is likely using intuition.

Assuming that everyone outside your group is diverse and unique is called outgroup homogeneity.

Participants were asked to remember items they saw in an office. Errors made were not unusual items, but items often found in offices (e.g., a coffee cup) . On what were participants likely relying

Benefits of what type of thinking include higher levels of happiness and optimism

What is the simplest answer that explains the most evidence

The principle of parsimony means the simplest answer that explains the least evidence.

"The most important thing is to be yourself." What values does this statement support