Question 1

A difference between basic research and applied research is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  basic research involves experimentation and applied research involves psychiatry. 
B)  basic research studies physical processes and applied research studies mental processes. 
C)  basic research studies animals and applied research studies humans. 
D)  the goal of basic research is simply to acquire knowledge, while that of applied research is to solve practical problems.

Question 2

Describe what it means to be a critical thinker.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what it means to be a...

Question 3

One of E. B. Titchener's favourite research methods was reading personality traits from the bumps on a person's skull.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Psychodynamic psychologists try to dig below the surface of a person's behaviour to get to its unconscious roots.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Psychologists from the psychodynamic perspective would be likely to agree that anxiety is due to forbidden, unconscious desires.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In what ways have psychology's forerunners and contemporary psychologists come to the same conclusions regarding human nature? In what ways did the forerunners of psychology blunder in their theories and explanations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what ways have psychology's forerunners and...

Question 7

One common form of oversimplification is "argument by anecdote." Explain this type of critical-thinking error. Create your own example of an argument by anecdote.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One common form of oversimplification is "argument...

Question 8

Heller is pleased because his mentor, Wilhelm Wundt, has said that Heller has completed enough practice observations and will be able to participate in an actual study. Wundt required Heller to complete ________ practice observations.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  100 
C)  1000 
D)  10 000

Question 9

Critical thinkers do not make assumptions about how the world works.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Psychologists from the cognitive perspective would be likely to agree that the symptoms of anxiety may be caused by a chemical imbalance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Sigmund Freud began his career as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a student of Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig, Germany. 
B)  a trained introspectionist under E. B. Titchener. 
C)  an obscure neurologist working out of his own office. 
D)  an experienced phrenologist interested in the human mind.

Question 12

Match these accomplishments with the appropriate person.
-Established the first psychology laboratory in 1879.

Accepted Answer

A) Wilhelm Wundt 
B) William James 
C) E. B. Titchener 
D) Joseph Gall 
E) Sigmund Freud

Question 13

Evolutionary psychology is a part of which modern psychological perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)  the biological perspective 
B)  the cognitive perspective 
C)  the sociocultural perspective 
D)  the psychodynamic perspective

Question 14

The first week of college is difficult for Drew because his girlfriend is attending college in another province. His roommate says, "Don't worry, Drew, you know that absence makes the heart grow fonder." Drew bases his response on the chapter he just completed in his psychology textbook, saying:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Thanks for reminding me! Research almost always confirms the accuracy of common sense sayings." 
B)  "Read this book. It is obvious from psychological research that common sense sayings are seldom accurate when put to the tests of science." 
C)  "Common sense sayings often contradict one another. Remember the saying 'Out of sight, out of mind'"? 
D)  "That doesn't help much. That saying was derived from empirical research and cannot be applied to everyday life."

Question 15

According to ________, attempting to grasp the nature of the mind through introspection is like seizing a spinning top to catch its motion.

Accepted Answer

A)  William James 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  E. B. Titchener

Question 16

Argument by anecdote occurs when a person generalizes from a personal experience to everyone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Psychologists from the behavioural perspective would be likely to agree that the symptoms of anxiety often bring hidden rewards, such as being excused from exams.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

One common form of oversimplification is "argument by anecdote." Explain what is meant by this statement and then illustrate how this occurs through an example.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One common form of oversimplification is "argument...

Question 20

Match these descriptions with the appropriate perspective.
-Emphasizes how people reason, remember, understand language, solve problems, explain experiences, acquire moral standards, and form beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic perspective 
B) learning perspective 
C) cognitive perspective 
D) biological perspective 
E) sociocultural perspective

Exam 1: What Is Psychology

A difference between basic research and applied research is that:

Describe what it means to be a critical thinker.

One of E. B. Titchener's favourite research methods was reading personality traits from the bumps on a person's skull.

Psychodynamic psychologists try to dig below the surface of a person's behaviour to get to its unconscious roots.

Psychologists from the psychodynamic perspective would be likely to agree that anxiety is due to forbidden, unconscious desires.

In what ways have psychology's forerunners and contemporary psychologists come to the same conclusions regarding human nature? In what ways did the forerunners of psychology blunder in their theories and explanations?

One common form of oversimplification is "argument by anecdote." Explain this type of critical-thinking error. Create your own example of an argument by anecdote.

Heller is pleased because his mentor, Wilhelm Wundt, has said that Heller has completed enough practice observations and will be able to participate in an actual study. Wundt required Heller to complete ________ practice observations.

Critical thinkers do not make assumptions about how the world works.

Psychologists from the cognitive perspective would be likely to agree that the symptoms of anxiety may be caused by a chemical imbalance.

Sigmund Freud began his career as:

Match these accomplishments with the appropriate person. -Established the first psychology laboratory in 1879.

Evolutionary psychology is a part of which modern psychological perspective?

The first week of college is difficult for Drew because his girlfriend is attending college in another province. His roommate says, "Don't worry, Drew, you know that absence makes the heart grow fonder." Drew bases his response on the chapter he just completed in his psychology textbook, saying:

According to ________, attempting to grasp the nature of the mind through introspection is like seizing a spinning top to catch its motion.

Argument by anecdote occurs when a person generalizes from a personal experience to everyone.

Critical thinkers generate as many reasonable explanations of the topic at hand as possible before settling on the most likely one.

Psychologists from the behavioural perspective would be likely to agree that the symptoms of anxiety often bring hidden rewards, such as being excused from exams.

One common form of oversimplification is "argument by anecdote." Explain what is meant by this statement and then illustrate how this occurs through an example.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate perspective. -Emphasizes how people reason, remember, understand language, solve problems, explain experiences, acquire moral standards, and form beliefs.