Question 1

Describe the three schools of psychological thought that became popular when psychology emerged as a discipline. Make sure you describe the major theorists associated with each school as well as the goal of each of these perspectives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the three schools of psychological thought...

Question 2

One of Wilhelm Wundt's favourite research methods was reading personality traits from the bumps on a person's skull.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

When people think of psychology, they usually think of mental disorders, emotional disorders, abnormal acts, personal problems, and psychotherapy. Describe two other topics that are of great interest to psychologists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When people think of psychology, they usually...

Question 4

Match these descriptions with the appropriate perspective.
-Deals with unconscious factors within the individual, such as inner forces, conflicts, or instinctual energy.

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic perspective 
B) learning perspective 
C) cognitive perspective 
D) biological perspective 
E) sociocultural perspective

Question 5

All psychological scientists, regardless of their specialty, believe in simple explanations of behaviour and either-or thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

"I've always thought that memory was like a video camera, accurately recording each moment of my life. But maybe I think this because it is so reassuring." This example illustrates which of the following critical-thinking guidelines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoid emotional reasoning. 
B)  Analyze assumptions and biases. 
C)  Define your terms. 
D)  Ask questions and be willing to wonder.

Question 7

Credit for founding modern psychology is generally given to Sigmund Freud.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Research psychologists who examine the electrical activity of the brain during an auditory discrimination task would be considered a/an:

Accepted Answer

A)  educational psychologist. 
B)  developmental psychologist. 
C)  industrial-organizational psychologist. 
D)  experimental psychologist.

Question 9

An important movement in psychology that emerged in the early 1970s was:

Accepted Answer

A)  the behaviourist movement. 
B)  the humanist movement. 
C)  the feminist movement. 
D)  "positive psychology."

Question 10

Critical thinkers try to:

Accepted Answer

A)  use anecdotes to support their arguments. 
B)  settle arguments based on emotional convictions. 
C)  identify unspoken assumptions and make them explicit. 
D)  look for evidence that confirms their viewpoints.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud's first book, The Interpretation of Dreams, was an overnight bestseller when it was published in 1900. 
B)  Sigmund Freud argued that many of his patients had symptoms due to physical, rather than mental, causes. 
C)  Sigmund Freud's concepts had a profound influence on the philosophy, literature, and art of the twentieth century. 
D)  Although Sigmund Freud's concepts were at first rejected by most empirically oriented psychologists, Freudian concepts were eventually accepted by the scientific community.

Question 12

Which of the following is a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy emphasizing unconscious motives and conflicts?

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalism 
B)  phrenology 
C)  trained introspection 
D)  psychoanalysis

Question 13

Critical thinkers are able to resist claims that have no support.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Explain why our authors call the theory of phrenology a classic pseudoscience. Provide examples that support this view.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why our authors call the theory...

Question 15

The cognitive perspective is the thumb on the hand of psychology, connected to the other fingers, but also set apart from them because it differs radically in its language, methods, and standards of acceptable evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which modern psychological perspective fits as well in philosophy or literature as psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  sociocultural 
B)  learning 
C)  cognitive 
D)  psychodynamic

Question 17

Applied psychology is the study of psychological issues that have direct, practical significance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Industrial-organizational psychologists are concerned with behaviour in the workplace and work motivation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The first psychological laboratory was officially established by Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig, Germany.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The founder of functionalism was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud. 
B)  William James. 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt. 
D)  E. B. Titchener.

Exam 1: What Is Psychology

Describe the three schools of psychological thought that became popular when psychology emerged as a discipline. Make sure you describe the major theorists associated with each school as well as the goal of each of these perspectives.

One of Wilhelm Wundt's favourite research methods was reading personality traits from the bumps on a person's skull.

When people think of psychology, they usually think of mental disorders, emotional disorders, abnormal acts, personal problems, and psychotherapy. Describe two other topics that are of great interest to psychologists.

Match these descriptions with the appropriate perspective. -Deals with unconscious factors within the individual, such as inner forces, conflicts, or instinctual energy.

All psychological scientists, regardless of their specialty, believe in simple explanations of behaviour and either-or thinking.

"I've always thought that memory was like a video camera, accurately recording each moment of my life. But maybe I think this because it is so reassuring." This example illustrates which of the following critical-thinking guidelines?

Credit for founding modern psychology is generally given to Sigmund Freud.

Research psychologists who examine the electrical activity of the brain during an auditory discrimination task would be considered a/an:

An important movement in psychology that emerged in the early 1970s was:

Critical thinkers try to:

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Which of the following is a theory of personality and a method of psychotherapy emphasizing unconscious motives and conflicts?

Critical thinkers are able to resist claims that have no support.

Explain why our authors call the theory of phrenology a classic pseudoscience. Provide examples that support this view.

The cognitive perspective is the thumb on the hand of psychology, connected to the other fingers, but also set apart from them because it differs radically in its language, methods, and standards of acceptable evidence.

Which modern psychological perspective fits as well in philosophy or literature as psychology?

Applied psychology is the study of psychological issues that have direct, practical significance.

Industrial-organizational psychologists are concerned with behaviour in the workplace and work motivation.

The first psychological laboratory was officially established by Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig, Germany.

The founder of functionalism was: