Question 1

A preterm infant has just been admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. The infant's parents ask the nurse about anesthesia and analgesia when painful procedures are necessary. What should the nurse's explanation be?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nerve pathways of neonates are not sufficiently myelinated to transmit painful stimuli. 
B)  The risks accompanying anesthesia and analgesia are too great to justify any possible benefit of pain relief. 
C)  Neonates do not possess sufficiently integrated cortical function to interpret or recall pain experiences. 
D)  Pain pathways and neurochemical systems associated with pain transmission are intact and functional in neonates.

Question 2

Which coanalgesics should the nurse expect to be prescribed for pruritus? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Naloxone (Narcan) 
B)  Inapsine (Droperidol) 
C)  Hydroxyzine (Atarax) 
D)  Promethazine (Phenergan) 
E)  Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 3

Which is the most consistent and commonly used data for assessment of pain in infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-report 
B)  Behavioral 
C)  Physiologic 
D)  Parental report

Question 4

A health care provider prescribes hydroxyzine (Atarax), 0.6 mg/kg PO every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pruritus. The medication label states: "Hydroxyzine 10 mg/5 mL." The child weighs 20 kg. The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer in a whole number.
________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of A health care provider prescribes hydroxyzine (Atarax),...

Question 5

A burn patient is experiencing anxiety over dressing changes. Which prescription should the nurse expect to be ordered to control anxiety?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lorazepam (Ativan) 
B)  Oxycodone (OxyContin) 
C)  Fentanyl (Sublimaze) 
D)  Morphine Sulfate (Morphine)

Question 6

A child receiving chemotherapy is experiencing mucositis. Which prescriptions should the nurse plan to administer for initial treatment? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Scope mouth rinse 
B)  Listerine antiseptic mouth rinse 
C)  Carafate suspension (Sucralfate) 
D)  Nystatin oral suspension (Nystatin) 
E)  Lidocaine viscous (Lidocaine hydrochloride solution)

Question 7

Which nonpharmacologic intervention appears to be effective in decreasing neonatal procedural pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tactile stimulation 
B)  Commercial warm packs 
C)  Doing procedure during infant sleep 
D)  Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking

Question 8

The parents of a preterm infant in a neonatal intensive care unit are concerned about their infant experiencing pain from so many procedures. The nurse's response should be based on which characteristic about preterm infants' pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may react to painful stimuli but are unable to remember the pain experience. 
B)  They perceive and react to pain in much the same manner as children and adults. 
C)  They do not have the cortical and subcortical centers that are needed for pain perception. 
D)  They lack neurochemical systems associated with pain transmission and modulation.

Question 9

A child receiving morphine sulfate (Morphine) is experiencing respiratory depression. A health care provider prescribes naloxone (Narcan), 0.5 mcg/kg IV in 2-minute increments until breathing improves. The medication label states: "Naloxone 400 mcg/1 mL." The child weighs 40 kg. The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer using two decimal places.
________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child receiving morphine sulfate (Morphine) is...

Question 10

MATCHING
Complementary and alternative medicine therapies are grouped into five classes. Match the complementary or alternative therapy to its classification.

-Manipulative treatment

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamins 
B) Massage 
C) Reiki 
D) Hypnosis 
E) Homeopathy

Question 11

MATCHING
Complementary and alternative medicine therapies are grouped into five classes. Match the complementary or alternative therapy to its classification.

-Biologically based

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamins 
B) Massage 
C) Reiki 
D) Hypnosis 
E) Homeopathy

Question 12

MATCHING
Complementary and alternative medicine therapies are grouped into five classes. Match the complementary or alternative therapy to its classification.

-Mind-body technique

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamins 
B) Massage 
C) Reiki 
D) Hypnosis 
E) Homeopathy

Question 13

The nurse is teaching a staff development program about levels of sedation in the pediatric population. Which statement by one of the participants should indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  "With minimal sedation, the patient's respiratory efforts are affected, and cognitive function is not impaired." 
B)  "With general anesthesia, the patient's airway cannot be maintained, but cardiovascular function is maintained." 
C)  "During deep sedation, the patient can be easily aroused by loud verbal commands and tactile stimulation." 
D)  "During moderate sedation, the patient responds to verbal commands but may not respond to light tactile stimulation."

Question 14

The nurse is planning to administer a nonopioid for pain relief to a child. Which timing should the nurse plan so the nonopioid takes effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 minutes until maximum effect 
B)  30 minutes until maximum effect 
C)  1 hour until maximum effect 
D)  1 1/2 hours until maximum effect

Question 15

The nurse is planning pain control for a child. Which is the advantage of administering pain medication by the intravenous (IV) bolus route?

Accepted Answer

A)  Less expensive than oral medications 
B)  Produces a first-pass effect through the liver 
C)  Does not need to be administered frequently 
D)  Provides most rapid onset of effect, usually in about 5 minutes

Question 16

A health care provider prescribes OxyContin (oxycodone), 3 mg PO every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain. The medication label states: "OxyContin 5 mg/1 mL." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer using one decimal place.
________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of A health care provider prescribes OxyContin (oxycodone),...

Question 17

A health care provider prescribes diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 1 mg/kg PO every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pruritus. The child weighs 10 kg. The medication label states: "Diphenhydramine 12.5 mg/5 mL." The nurse prepares to administer one dose. How many milliliters will the nurse prepare to administer one dose? Fill in the blank. Record your answer in a whole number.
________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of A health care provider prescribes diphenhydramine (Benadryl),...

Question 18

Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period?

Accepted Answer

A)  Codeine sulfate (Codeine) 
B)  Morphine (Roxanol) 
C)  Methadone (Dolophine) 
D)  Meperidine (Demerol)

Question 19

A 6-year-old child has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for pain management after orthopedic surgery. The parents are worried that their child will be in pain. What should your explanation to the parents include?

Accepted Answer

A)  The child will continue to sleep and be pain free. 
B)  Parents cannot administer additional medication with the button. 
C)  The pump can deliver baseline and bolus dosages. 
D)  There is a high risk of overdose, so monitoring is done every 15 minutes.

Question 20

Children as young as age 3 years can use facial scales for discrimination. What are some suggested anchor words for the preschool age group?

Accepted Answer

A)  "No hurt." 
B)  "Red pain." 
C)  "Zero hurt." 
D)  "Least pain."

Exam 5: Pain Assessment and Management in Children

A preterm infant has just been admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. The infant's parents ask the nurse about anesthesia and analgesia when painful procedures are necessary. What should the nurse's explanation be?

Which coanalgesics should the nurse expect to be prescribed for pruritus? (Select all that apply.)

Which is the most consistent and commonly used data for assessment of pain in infants?

A burn patient is experiencing anxiety over dressing changes. Which prescription should the nurse expect to be ordered to control anxiety?

A child receiving chemotherapy is experiencing mucositis. Which prescriptions should the nurse plan to administer for initial treatment? (Select all that apply.)

Which nonpharmacologic intervention appears to be effective in decreasing neonatal procedural pain?

The parents of a preterm infant in a neonatal intensive care unit are concerned about their infant experiencing pain from so many procedures. The nurse's response should be based on which characteristic about preterm infants' pain?

MATCHING Complementary and alternative medicine therapies are grouped into five classes. Match the complementary or alternative therapy to its classification. -Manipulative treatment

MATCHING Complementary and alternative medicine therapies are grouped into five classes. Match the complementary or alternative therapy to its classification. -Biologically based

MATCHING Complementary and alternative medicine therapies are grouped into five classes. Match the complementary or alternative therapy to its classification. -Mind-body technique

The nurse is teaching a staff development program about levels of sedation in the pediatric population. Which statement by one of the participants should indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

The nurse is planning to administer a nonopioid for pain relief to a child. Which timing should the nurse plan so the nonopioid takes effect?

The nurse is planning pain control for a child. Which is the advantage of administering pain medication by the intravenous (IV) bolus route?

Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period?

A 6-year-old child has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for pain management after orthopedic surgery. The parents are worried that their child will be in pain. What should your explanation to the parents include?

Children as young as age 3 years can use facial scales for discrimination. What are some suggested anchor words for the preschool age group?