Question 1

A child has been diagnosed with giardiasis. Which prescribed medication should the nurse expect to administer?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acyclovir (Zovirax) 
B)   Metronidazole (Flagyl) 
C)   Erythromycin (Pediazole) 
D)   Azithromycin (Zithromax)  B

Question 2

A child has been diagnosed with cat scratch disease. The nurse explains which characteristics about this disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   "The disease is usually a benign, self-limiting illness."
B)   "The animal that transmitted the disease will also be ill."
C)   "The disease is treated with a 5-day course of oral azithromycin."
D)   "Symptoms include pruritus, especially at the site of inoculation." A

Question 3

The clinic nurse is assessing a child with a heavy ascariasis lumbricoides (common roundworm) infection. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Anemia
B)   Anorexia
C)   Irritability
D)   Intestinal colic
E)   Enlarged abdomen B, C, D, E

Question 4

Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella virus and has an affinity for which?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sympathetic nerve fibers
B)   Parasympathetic nerve fibers
C)   Lateral and dorsal columns of the spinal cord
D)   Posterior root ganglia and posterior horn of the spinal cord

Question 5

A mother tells the nurse that she does not want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. What should the nurse explain?

Accepted Answer

A)   This cannot be prevented.
B)   Infants do not feel pain as adults do.
C)   This is not a good reason for refusing immunizations.
D)   A topical anesthetic can be applied before injections are given.

Question 6

The nurse is teaching a nursing student about standard precautions. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I will use precautions when I give an infant oral care."
B)   "I will use precautions when I change an infant's diaper."
C)   "I will use precautions when I come in contact with blood and body fluids."
D)   "I will use precautions when administering oral medications to a school-age child."

Question 7

The school reviewed the pediculosis capitis (head lice) policy and removed the "no nit" requirement. The nurse explains that now, when a child is found to have nits, the parents must do which before the child can return to school?

Accepted Answer

A)   No treatment is necessary with the policy change.
B)   Shampoo and then trim the child's hair to prevent reinfestation.
C)   The child can remain in school with treatment done at home.
D)   Treat the child with a shampoo to treat lice and comb with a fine-tooth comb every day until nits are eliminated.

Question 8

The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess?

Accepted Answer

A)   Restlessness
B)   Distractibility
C)   Rectal discharge
D)   Intense perianal itching

Question 9

An 18-month-old child has been diagnosed with pediculosis capitis (head lice). Which prescription should the nurse question if ordered for the child?

Accepted Answer

A)   Malathion (Ovide) 
B)   Permethrin 1% (Nix) 
C)   Benzyl alcohol 5% lotion
D)   Pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide (RI
D)

Question 10

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching to an adolescent with a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What should the nurse include in the instructions? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Avoid sharing of towels and washcloths.
B)   Launder clothes and bedding in cold water.
C)   Use bleach when laundering towels and washcloths.
D)   Take a daily bath or shower with an antibacterial soap.
E)   Apply mupirocin (Bactroban)  to the nares twice a day for 2 to 4 weeks.

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the key immunization terms to their meanings.

-Innate immunity or resistance to infection or toxicity

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural immunity
B)  Acquired immunity
C)  Active immunity
D)  Passive immunity
E)  Herd immunity

Question 12

An infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is being admitted to the hospital. The nurse should plan to place the infant on which precaution?

Accepted Answer

A)   Enteric
B)   Airborne
C)   Droplet
D)   Contact

Question 13

Which is described as an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cyst
B)   Papule
C)   Pustule
D)   Vesicle

Question 14

MATCHING
Match the key immunization terms to their meanings.

-A state in which immune bodies are actively formed against specific antigens, either naturally by having had the disease or artificially

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural immunity
B)  Acquired immunity
C)  Active immunity
D)  Passive immunity
E)  Herd immunity

Question 15

The nurse is planning care for an infant with candidiasis (moniliasis) diaper dermatitis. Which topical ointments may be prescribed for the patient? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Nystatin
B)   Bactroban
C)   Neosporin
D)   Miconazole
E)   Clotrimazole

Question 16

What should the nurse explain about ringworm?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is not contagious.
B)   It is a sign of uncleanliness.
C)   It is expected to resolve spontaneously.
D)   It is spread by both direct and indirect contact.

Question 17

What causes warts?

Accepted Answer

A)   A virus
B)   A fungus
C)   A parasite
D)   Bacteria

Question 18

What is most important in the management of cellulitis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Burow solution compresses
B)   Oral or parenteral antibiotics
C)   Topical application of an antibiotic
D)   Incision and drainage of severe lesions

Question 19

The nurse should know what about Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Very difficult to prevent
B)   Easily treated with oral antibiotics in stages 1, 2, and 3
C)   Caused by a spirochete that enters the skin through a tick bite
D)   Common in geographic areas where the soil contains the mycotic spores that cause the disease

Question 20

Which is usually the only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice)?

Accepted Answer

A)   Itching
B)   Vesicles
C)   Scalp rash
D)   Localized inflammatory response

Exam 6: Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases