Question 1

What is dysphagia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inhalation of a foreign object into the lungs
B)  Impaired taste
C)  Difficulty swallowing
D)  Impairment of the tongue or other muscles essential to speech C

Question 2

Which of the following foods is easiest to swallow for patients experiencing difficulty swallowing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thin liquids
B)  Room temperature cream soups
C)  Lukewarm cooked cereals diluted with milk
D)  Cool, soft textured foods with sauce or gravy D

Question 3

Damage to which of the following cranial nerves will likely affect the ability to eat food?

Accepted Answer

A)  Olfactory (I)  nerve
B)  Abducens (VI)  nerve
C)  Glossopharyngeal (IX)  nerve
D)  Vagus (X)  nerve C

Question 4

Because of potential drug-nutrient interactions, it would be more beneficial to provide the majority of their dietary protein to patients with Parkinson's disease

Accepted Answer

A)  during breakfast.
B)  at the noon meal.
C)  evenly throughout the day.
D)  with the evening meal.

Question 5

A patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has a rating of 3 or 4 on the swallowing scale of the ALS severity scale.Which of the following interventions would be recommended in the medical nutrition therapy plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  A regular diet with small, frequent feedings
B)  Modification of dietary consistency and texture
C)  Supplemental tube feedings
D)  Nothing by mouth (NPO)

Question 6

Which of the following is the inability to perform purposeful, complex movements, although no sensory or motor impairment is evident?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apraxia
B)  Aphasia
C)  Anosmia
D)  Agnosia

Question 7

Which of the following is characterized by a cholesterol plaque within an artery that ruptures and promotes platelet aggregation to clog an already narrowed artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intracranial hemorrhage
B)  Embolic stroke
C)  Thrombotic stroke
D)  Transient ischemic attack

Question 8

Which vitamin is being actively researched as protective in memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease because of its role cell lipid membrane structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin E
B)  Choline
C)  Vitamin C
D)  Pyridoxine

Question 9

Which of the following neurologic conditions is associated with over- or excessive nutritional intake?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
B)  Stroke
C)  Multiple sclerosis
D)  Alzheimer's disease

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT true of head-injured patients

Accepted Answer

A)  They have profound urinary nitrogen loss.
B)  Their energy needs are related to the Glasgow Coma Scale.
C)  They are hypermetabolic.
D)  They have decreased energy needs.

Question 11

On the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale, at what level is total assistance for the patient necessary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Level 7
B)  Level 5
C)  Level 3
D)  Level 1

Question 12

The guideline for use of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in patients with neurologic disease or disorders is to use

Accepted Answer

A)  whenever there is a risk of aspiration pneumonia.
B)  with patients whose swallowing function will not ensure adequate nutritional intake.
C)  with patients who refuse a central line for total parenteral nutrition.
D)  with patients who are expected to resume oral alimentation within 7 days.

Question 13

Which of the following requires the greatest coordination and control in order to swallow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Solid foods
B)  Liquids of thin consistency
C)  Soft foods with high water content
D)  Thick, viscous liquids

Question 14

Which of the following can result from thiamin deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pernicious anemia
B)  Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
C)  Pellagra
D)  Adrenomyeloleukodystrophy

Question 15

Sensory deficits of limbs on the opposite of the body that result from an occlusion of the middle cerebral artery on one side of the brain are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  hemiparesis.
B)  hemiplegia.
C)  hemianopsia.
D)  hemi-inattention.

Question 16

For which condition might a ketogenic diet be used in treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myasthenia gravis
B)  Migraine headache
C)  Epilepsy
D)  Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)

Question 17

What is the guideline for accepted weight adjusted for tetraplegia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ideal body weight (IBW)  as determined by the Hamwi formula
B)  10 to 15 pounds less than IBW as determined by the Hamwi formula
C)  10 to 15 pounds less than ideal body mass index (BMI) 
D)  15 to 20 pounds less than ideal BMI

Question 18

Which of the following can occur with impaired swallowing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aspiration pneumonia
B)  Hemiparesis
C)  Dysgeusia
D)  Comminution

Question 19

How may phenobarbital, used for anticonvulsant therapy, interfere with the intestinal absorption of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases metabolism of vitamin D in the liver.
B)  It prevents absorption of vitamin D in the intestinal mucosa.
C)  It induces diarrhea and loss of electrolytes.
D)  It damages the mucosal cells lining the intestinal wall.

Question 20

During which phase of swallowing does bolus formation occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oral phase
B)  Early pharyngeal phase
C)  Middle pharyngeal phase
D)  Esophageal phase

Exam 41: Medical and Nutrition Therapy for Neurologic Disorders