Question 1

Explain the two types of societies described by Tӧnnies according to their degree of social solidarity and social control.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the two types of societies described...

Question 2

Describe and compare the typologies Durkheim and Tӧnnies developed to account for different types of solidarity in society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe and compare the typologies Durkheim and...

Question 3

Which of these is not characteristic of industrialized society?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​relationships based primarily on ascribed status 
B)  ​large populations living in or near cities 
C)  ​mechanized production of virtually all possessions 
D)  ​a person is defined largely by his or her occupation

Question 4

__________ may focus on the problems of one homeless family, describing how the parents and kids live in a car and eat meals from a soup kitchen. These stories do not necessarily describe the larger context of homelessness.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Semantic framing 
B)  ​Thematic framing 
C)  ​Procedural framing 
D)  ​Episodic framing

Question 5

Discuss the views of functionalist and conflict theorists regarding social institutions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the views of functionalist and conflict...

Question 6

It is not always clear when the provider-dependent aspect of the parent-child relationship ends. Should it end at age 18 or 21? When a person is no longer in school? This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​role expectation 
B)  ​role performance 
C)  ​role alienation 
D)  ​role ambiguity

Question 7

Which of these is the best example of a primary group?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the people working together in the same department 
B)  ​a sociology class 
C)  ​a jury 
D)  ​the people at a bus station

Question 8

Teacher, student, professional athlete, rock musician, and homeless person are all examples of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​roles 
B)  ​labels 
C)  ​statuses 
D)  ​classes

Question 9

Sociologist Helen Ebaugh concluded that role exit occurs in four stages, the first of which is __________, in which people experience frustration or burnout when they reflect on their existing roles.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a search for alternatives 
B)  ​the creation of a new identity 
C)  ​the turning point 
D)  ​doubt

Question 10

Which of these questions best describes the interests of ethnomethodologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Who benefits from the structure of social institutions? 
B)  ​How does a society maintain order and stability? 
C)  ​How do we know how to interact in a given situation? 
D)  ​What is the economic structure of society?

Question 11

Sociologist Erving Goffman's term __________ refers to the ways in which an individual shows awareness that another is present without making this person the object of particular attention.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​civil inattention 
B)  ​selective attention 
C)  ​passive rudeness 
D)  ​reserved rejection

Question 12

__________ emphasize the role of social institutions in accomplishing essential tasks for society.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Conflict theorists 
B)  ​Functionalists 
C)  ​Symbolic interactionists 
D)  ​Postmodernists

Question 13

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild suggests that we acquire a set of __________ that shape the appropriate emotions for a given role or specific situation, including how, where, when, and with whom an emotion should be expressed.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​emotional labors 
B)  ​dramaturgical guidelines 
C)  ​feeling rules 
D)  ​socioemotional norms

Question 14

Amber is a first grade teacher, a daughter, a wife, a mother, a Presbyterian, a soccer coach, and a Kansas resident. Taken together, all of these socially defined positions constitute her __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​status grouping 
B)  ​status set 
C)  ​status category 
D)  ​status diagram

Question 15

Social encounters and social interaction have different meaning for people based on their status and previous experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Define social structure and explain why it is important for individuals and society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define social structure and explain why it...

Question 17

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies, where a few people control the labor of many, the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination and subordination.

Accepted Answer

A)  Differential association 
B)  ​Symbolic interactionist 
C)  ​Conflict 
D)  ​Functionalist

Question 18

Jane defines herself first and foremost as a student. For Jane, being a student is considered her _________ status.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​ascribed 
B)  ​valued 
C)  ​conspicuous 
D)  ​master

Question 19

A(n) __________ status is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life, based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control, such as race/ethnicity, age, and gender.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​achieved 
B)  ​central 
C)  ​ascribed 
D)  ​universal

Question 20

Social structure consists of all of these, except __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​institutions 
B)  ​values 
C)  ​groups and organizations 
D)  ​status and roles

Exam 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life

Explain the two types of societies described by Tӧnnies according to their degree of social solidarity and social control.

Describe and compare the typologies Durkheim and Tӧnnies developed to account for different types of solidarity in society.

Which of these is not characteristic of industrialized society?

__________ may focus on the problems of one homeless family, describing how the parents and kids live in a car and eat meals from a soup kitchen. These stories do not necessarily describe the larger context of homelessness.

Discuss the views of functionalist and conflict theorists regarding social institutions.

It is not always clear when the provider-dependent aspect of the parent-child relationship ends. Should it end at age 18 or 21? When a person is no longer in school? This is an example of __________.

Which of these is the best example of a primary group?

Teacher, student, professional athlete, rock musician, and homeless person are all examples of __________.

Sociologist Helen Ebaugh concluded that role exit occurs in four stages, the first of which is __________, in which people experience frustration or burnout when they reflect on their existing roles.

Which of these questions best describes the interests of ethnomethodologists?

Sociologist Erving Goffman's term __________ refers to the ways in which an individual shows awareness that another is present without making this person the object of particular attention.

__________ emphasize the role of social institutions in accomplishing essential tasks for society.

Sociologist Arlie Hochschild suggests that we acquire a set of __________ that shape the appropriate emotions for a given role or specific situation, including how, where, when, and with whom an emotion should be expressed.

Amber is a first grade teacher, a daughter, a wife, a mother, a Presbyterian, a soccer coach, and a Kansas resident. Taken together, all of these socially defined positions constitute her __________.

Social encounters and social interaction have different meaning for people based on their status and previous experience.

Define social structure and explain why it is important for individuals and society.

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies, where a few people control the labor of many, the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination and subordination.

Jane defines herself first and foremost as a student. For Jane, being a student is considered her _________ status.

A(n) __________ status is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life, based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control, such as race/ethnicity, age, and gender.

Social structure consists of all of these, except __________.